吲哚美辛对脂多糖引起的人类风湿性关节炎滑膜细胞中白介素-6表达的影响

目的研究吲哚美辛对脂多糖引起的人类风湿性关节炎（RA）成纤维状滑膜细胞(FLS)中白介素-6（IL-6）表达的影响。方法用放免分析法检测IL-6蛋白的表达水平； RT-PCR方法测定IL-6 mRNA的表达水平。结果LPS处理对FLS中IL-6表达无显著影响； LPS刺激的U937细胞培养液上清液可明显增强FLS 中IL-6蛋白分泌及mRNA表达； 吲哚美辛可显著抑制上述变化，且其抑制作用随浓度的增加而增强。结论吲哚美辛可抑制LPS刺激的U937细胞培养上清液引起的FLS中IL-6的表达。     

MMP13在骨性关节炎患者滑膜细胞中的表达

目的 观察在膝关节骨性关节炎（osteoarthritis，OA）患者的滑膜细胞中是否有基质金属蛋白酶13（matrix metalloproteinases-13，MMPl3）的mRNA表达。方法 分别取临床上5例确诊为膝关节骨性关节炎患者的滑液培养滑膜细胞，经形态学和免疫组化法鉴定其为成纤维细胞后，用RT-PCR检测其中MMPl3的mRNA表达。结果 所培养的细胞呈成纤维细胞样，Vimentin蛋白表达阳性，RT-PCR可检测到MMP13的mRNA表达，片断大小和文献报道的相一致。结论 骨性关节炎患者滑膜细胞中有MMP13的mRNA表达。     

佐剂诱导关节炎大鼠模型的建立及成纤维样滑膜细胞的分离

目的建立类风湿性关节炎(RA)动物模型；从炎性关节滑膜中分离成纤维样滑膜细胞(FLS)。方法应用热灭活结核杆菌H37Ra菌株与矿物油混合制备改良的佐剂,尾根部皮内注射Lewis大鼠诱导关节炎；剪取成功诱导关节炎大鼠的病变踝关节,从中剥离滑膜组织,充分剪碎后采用胶原酶消化法分离成纤维样滑膜细胞。结果成功诱导了大鼠关节炎,发病率为100%,发病时间有规律,组织学表现与RA相似；成功在体外培养了FLS并对其进行了鉴定,掌握了其生长形态和特征。结论成功制备RA动物模型并获得FLS,为今后RA发病机制探索和药物评价提供了良好的体内动物模型和体外细胞模型。     

罗格列酮通过抑制RANKL及p-ERK活化抑制类风湿关节炎破骨细胞的分化及功能

目的:探讨罗格列酮(RSG)对类风湿关节炎(RA)成纤维样滑膜细胞(FLS)介导的破骨细胞(Oc)分化及功能的影响及其可能机制。方法:活动期RA患者滑膜体外分离培养FLS,与健康人外周血单核细胞(MNC)共培养,不同浓度RSG(0、5、10和15μmol/L)干预,抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)染色鉴定Oc并计数;甲苯胺蓝染色和图像分析系统计算骨吸收陷窝面积;Real-time PCR检测共培养体系RANKL和OPG的mRNA表达,Western blot检测RANKL、OPG、p-ERK、p-p38和p-JNK的蛋白含量。结果:与不加RSG组比较,15μmol/L RSG干预后Oc的数量明显减少(P0.01),骨吸收陷窝面积也减少(P0.05);共培养体系RANKL的mRNA及蛋白表达明显降低,OPG的mRNA及蛋白表达明显升高(P0.01);p-ERK的蛋白含量明显降低(P0.05),p-p38及p-JNK的蛋白含量则不受影响。结论:RSG通过抑制RANKL及p-ERK活化影响RA关节微环境中组织细胞与免疫细胞的相互作用,从而抑制Oc分化及骨吸收功能。     

三氧化二砷诱导类风湿关节炎滑膜细胞凋亡的作用及机制

目的研究三氧化二砷(ATO)对人类风湿关节炎成纤维样滑膜细胞(HFLS-RA)凋亡的作用及机制。方法将HFLS-RA分为单纯培养基空白对照组和0．5、2、8μ,mol/L ATO实验组．分别观察ATO作用72 h电镜下细胞的病理改变以及TUNEL法检测细胞的凋亡；四唑盐(MTT)法检测ATO对HFLS-RA生长的影响；反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测ATO作用24 h对核转录因子(NF)-κB的mRNA表达影响。结果电镜下,ATO可以诱导HFLS-RA的凋亡,TUNEL法检测ATO组凋亡指数呈剂量依赖性增加,与对照组相比,2、8μ,mol/L ATO组凋亡指数明显增加(P＜0．05)；ATO呈现时间和剂量依赖性抑制HFLS-RA生长的作用；RT-PCR法表明ATO组NF-κB的mRNA表达剂量依赖性减少,2μmol/L以上ATO可以明显下调NF-KB的mRNA表达(P＜0．05),结论ATO可以抑制HFLS-RA的生长,并且可能通过抑制NF-KB的mRNA表达促进HFLS-RA的凋亡。     

Expression of Cathepsin B,D and L Protein in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common childhood autoimmune rheumatic disease and like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), it is characterized by inflammation and the progressive destruction of joints. In RA, cathepsins as proteinases play a major role in destroying synovial tissue and cartilage matrix. So far no data on cathepsin expression in pannus tissue of JIA patients exist. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression levels of cathepsins B, D, H, and L in JIA and to compare them with those in RA. Synovectomy tissue from 16 JIA and 12 RA patients was investigated for cathepsin expression levels by Western blot analysis. Expression of cathepsins B, D and L was on comparable levels in the synovectomy tissue of JIA and RA patients. The following graduation of expression was determined: cathepsin D>cathepsin L>cathepsin B. Cathepsin H was neither found to be expressed in JIA nor in RA patients. The expression levels of cathepsins in pannus tissue showed no clear difference between patients with systemic JIA and patients with monoarticular JIA. In summary, the comparable expression of cathepsins B, D and L in RA and JIA synovectomy tissue suggests that they may play a similarly important role in destroying synovial tissue and cartilage matrix in the course of JIA and RA.     

LncRNA Gm15621通过调控miR-133a/SOCS2轴抑制类风湿关节炎成纤维样滑膜细胞炎症

目的探讨lncRNA Gm15621和miR-133a在类风湿关节炎滑膜组织中的表达及其与滑膜组织中成纤维样滑膜细胞炎症调控的关系。方法于2018年1月到2018年12月收集53例类风湿关节炎滑膜组织和20例正常滑膜组织,通过qPCR技术检测不同患者滑膜组织Gm15621和miR-133a的表达情况,免疫印迹法检测滑膜成纤维细胞SOCS2等蛋白的表达情况。结果类风湿关节炎患者滑膜组织Gm15461表达水平是正常滑膜组织的(43.06±2.48)%,miR-133a表达水平是正常组织的(2.94±0.13)倍;类风湿关节炎患者滑膜组织Gm15621表达水平与血清TNF-α(r=-0.441,P=0.001 1),IL-6(r=-0.442,P=0.0017)和IL-1β(r=-0.532,P<0.001)呈负相关,与滑膜组织中miR-133a(r=-0.629,P<0.001)表达呈负相关。荧光素酶报告基因显示:Gm15621和SOCS2都是miR-133a的靶基因,且miR-133a靶向抑制成纤维样滑膜细胞Gm15621和SOCS2,Gm15621抑制成纤维样滑膜细胞中miR-133a的表达。在体外,SOCS2敲低可以显著上调成纤维样滑膜细胞中TNF-α,IL-6和IL-1β的表达。结论类风湿关节炎患者滑膜组织中Gm15621低表达,miR-133a高表达,并且Gm15621通过抑制成纤维样滑膜细胞中miR-133a的表达促进SOCS2的表达,最终发挥抑制炎症因子表达的效果。     

Deoxycytidine kinase promotes the migration and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from rheumatoid arthritis patients

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex, multi-system disease whose primary site of inflammatory tissue damage is the joint. The increasing evidences indicate that activated RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) play a critical role in the development of pannus by migrating into cartilage and bone. Furthermore FLS and T cells can activate each other in vitro and in vivo, which is crucial for the progress of RA. Deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) has been linked to peripheral T cell homeostatic proliferation and survival, which is very important for RA. Yet, the function of DCK in FLS is still unknown. Here, we present a story that DCK could regulate the migration and invasion of FLS through AKT pathway in RA patients. Moreover, DCK seems to be the upstream of AKT and FAK, and AKT inhibitor exerted the similar effect on FLS motility. In summary, our study characterized the new role of DCK in human primary FLS cells, and figured out the possible pathway DCK involved in, and these findings might propose DCK as a novel target for controlling joint destruction of RA.     

Apoptotic effect of Aralia echinocaulis extract on fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis via inhibiting the Akt/Hif-1α signaling pathway in vitro

Aralia echinocaulis is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by Tujia Minority in China. A previous study demonstrated that A. echinocaulis had a significant anti-arthritic effect on adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats in vivo. However, it remains unclear whether A. echinocaulis can induce the apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from AA rats and the underlying mechanism is unknown. In this paper, CCK-8 assay, Hoechst staining and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the apoptotic effect of an A. echinocaulis ethanol extract (AEE) on AA FLS. Western blotting analysis was performed to measure the protein expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, Akt, p-Akt, and Hif-1α. The results revealed that AEE could inhibit FLS proliferation in a dose and time-dependent manner. After treatment with AEE, AA FLS displayed the classical apoptotic morphology, and the apoptosis rates were significantly increased. Furthermore, we found that AEE increased the protein levels of Bax, cleaved caspase 3, and decreased the protein levels of Bcl-2, Hif-1α and p-Akt, without affecting total Akt levels. Collectively, these results suggested that the apoptosis inducing effect of AEE on AA FLS was related to the regulation of the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and the inhibition of the Akt/Hif-1α signaling pathway.