硬膜外间隙注药配合牵引治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的观察硬膜外间隙注药配合牵引治疗腰椎间盘突出症。方法162例经体查，X线、CT、MRI摄片确诊为腰椎间盘突出症。硬膜外间隙注入利多卡因lmg／kg与强的松龙lmg／kg的混合液10ml，注药1次／7d，3次为一疗程。并行牵引4h／d。结果疗效优良率94．4％。结论此疗效确切。     

Statistical analysis of the factors affecting the outcome of extradural haematomas: 115 Cases

Summary 115 traumatic extradural haematoma cases who were treated surgically at Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty Neurosurgery Department between 1987 and 1992 are evaluated.When factors affecting the outcome were examined, a strong correlation was found between the result andGlasgow coma scale (GCS) (p<0.00001). The existence of a fracture, the interval between onset of haematoma symptoms and intervention and the existence of an intracerebral haematoma together with contusion accompanying intradural haematoma, affect the outcome in a negative direction. There was no statistical correlation between the outcome and the age of patient, localization of the haematoma and aetiology.     

A fluid level in an acute extradural haematoma

We report a fluid level in an acute extradural haematoma developing after placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus. This fluid level was thought to be due to a mixture of blood and cerebrospinal fluid.     

硬膜外自控镇痛对血清锌、铁、镁、铜水平的影响

目的　观察上腹部手术患者术后硬膜外自控镇痛 (PCEA)对血清锌、铁、镁、铜水平的影响。方法　选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级择期胆囊切除手术患者 38例 ,随机分为PCEA组和对照组 ,每组各 19例。以原子吸收分光光度法检测患者术前、术后 1d、2d、3d、5d血清锌、铁、镁、铜的含量。结果　PCEA组术后各时点血清锌、铁、镁、铜的含量与术前相比变化不明显 (P >0 0 5 ) ,而对照组术后 1、2、3d锌水平较手术前明显下降(P <0 0 1) ,术后 1、2d铁、镁水平明显下降 ,两组间差异显著 (P <0 0 5 )。两组血清铜水平在各时点及组间均未见有统计学意义的变化。结论　术后PCEA可减轻应激反应 ,稳定微量元素水平 ,有利于患者的康复。     

胸科手术后病人自控镇痛的应用

目的　评价胸科手术后病人自控镇痛与传统的肌内注射哌替啶镇痛的临床效果。方法　 110 8例在全麻下行贲门癌或食管癌根治术的病人 ,随机分为肌注哌替啶组 (A组 )和病人自控镇痛PCA组 (B组 )。A组病人术后感觉疼痛时肌注哌替啶镇痛 ;B组携带镇痛泵 ,由病人或家属自控镇痛。术后 1、8、2 4、72h进行随访并记录镇痛评分 (VAS)等 ,术后 1周随访肺部并发症情况。结果　术后B组疼痛评分明显低于A组 (P<0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。术后 1周肺部并发症A组为 14例 ,而B组仅 2例 (P <0 0 1)。结论　PCA镇痛效果明显 ,肺部并发症发生率低 ,优于传统的哌替啶肌注。     

Retroperitoneal Spinal Extradural Arachnoid Cyst Combined with Congenital Hemivertebrae

Spinal extradural arachnoid cysts usually cause symptoms related to spinal cord or nerve root compression. Here, we report an atypical presentation of a spinal extradural arachnoid cyst combined with congenital hemivertebra which was presented as a retroperitoneal mass that exerted mass effects to the abdominal organs. On image studies, the communication between the cystic pedicle and the spinal arachnoid space was indistinct. Based on our experience and the literature of the pathogenesis, we planned anterior approach for removal of the arachnoid cyst in order to focus on mass removal rather than ligation of the fistulous channel. In our estimation this was feasible considering radiologic findings and also essential for the symptom relief. The cyst was totally removed with the clogged ''thecal sac-side'' end of the cystic pedicle. The patient was free of abdominal discomfort by one month after the surgery.     

硬膜悬吊在慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术中的应用

目的:探讨硬膜悬吊在慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术(BHID)中的作用,减少术后硬膜外血肿的发生。方法:回顾性分析我院2005年至2009年收治的80例慢性硬膜下血肿患者的诊疗资料。结果:所有患者均行颅骨钻孔引流术,术中行硬膜悬吊者50例,术后1例出现硬膜外血肿,未行硬膜悬吊者30例,术后6例出现硬膜外血肿,应用连续性校正卡方检验结果 P<0.05。结论:硬膜悬吊可有效预防慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术后硬膜外血肿的发生。     

Extradural hematoma causing venous sinus obstruction and pseudotumor cerebri syndrome

Case report The case of a small right occipital extradural hematoma in a 10-year-old girl is presented. The patient had bifrontal occipital headache out of proportion to the size of the hematoma, as well as diplopia. MR venography revealed compression and occlusion of the dominant right transverse sinus resulting in a pseudotumor cerebri syndrome.Discussion The relationship between venous sinus obstruction and the pseudotumor syndrome is discussed. Clinicians should be aware of the possible effects of an extra-axial collection on the cerebral venous sinuses.     

Multiple short-segment laminoplasties in children: a novel technique to avoid postoperative spinal deformity

Introduction Spinal deformity is a recognized important complication after laminectomies, especially in children. Even with laminoplasties, spinal deformity is a concern, especially when laminoplasties involve multiple levels. The author reports a novel technique to avoid postoperative spinal deformity using multiple short-segment replacement laminoplasties to access pathology over a long segment of the intraspinal space. Report The technique was used to evacuate an organized extradural hematoma from C4 to T9 in a 9-month-old infant with incomplete quadriplegia. Three separate, short-segment, and superiorly reflected laminoplasties (C5–C7; T2–T4; T6–T8) were performed, leaving intact the laminae (T1; T5) between each laminoplasty flap. At 1 year postoperatively, there was complete neurological recovery and no spinal deformity. The laminae re-fused anatomically. Conclusions Multiple short-segment laminoplasties allow good access to a long intraspinal segment, may preserve the stability of the spine, prevent spinal deformity, allow good reconstitution of the laminar anatomy, and facilitate surgical stabilization should that be required in the future. This technique may be applicable to other intraspinal lesions, such as tumors.     

Cranio-vertebral bony changes in a case of congenital lipomatosis

Summary Congenital lipomatosis may cause a fatty mass infiltrating muscle planes and extending into the epidural space. Adjacent structures are displaced: there is pressure erosion of the vertebrae and periosteal new bone formation.