全科医学与睡眠医学如何协同发展

全科医学和睡眠医学作为国内目前新兴的两个临床学科,两者在学科建设过程中存在着诸多交集,互补性强,在学科发展和人才培养上存在一定的交叉融合。中国专科医师培训认证制度在人才培养方面为全科医师从事睡眠医学工作开辟了道路,使其有良好的协同发展的基础及必要性。本文分析了目前中国全科医学与睡眠医学两者学科协同发展的基础及学科协同共建的必要性,介绍了南京医科大学附属无锡人民医院在全科医学与睡眠医学学科共建方面取得的经验,并邀请相关专家就目前存在的问题进行讨论。     

公立医院招标采购对学科建设的影响

学科建设是医院建设的基础和核心工程,是医院核心竞争力提升的必要条件,学科建设的提升需要高质量的物力配备作为条件支持,而招标采购作为医院运营管理机制的重要组成,在服务学科建设方面发挥着关键性的作用,招标采购质量直接作用着学科建设质量、进程、结果。该文从公立医院招标采购切入,探讨对医院学科建设的影响和需要改进的措施。     

公立医院优势学科病种绩效管理研究:以骨科为例

目的从循证视角建立公立医院优势学科病种绩效管理工具。方法以波士顿矩阵理论为指导,以“病种均次毛利率、病种均次住院日”为主要指标,“日均毛利率”为辅助指标,采用Microsoft office EXCEL 365 软件进行分析。结果2019年骨科平均住院日为4.99 d,均次平均毛利率为23.62%,日均毛利率平均值为4.73%。骨科200例以上病种、不同亚专科病区病种、同一亚专科病区内不同病种、不同亚专科病区相同病种,绩效均存在差异。结论 管理者应对不同病种绩效指标进行适当校正,探索精细化病种诊疗与管理模式。     

中国“顶刊热”的冷思考:基于40年研究主题的多层次国际比较研究

【目的】 在全球视野下,从宏观、中观、微观层面分析中国顶刊论文研究主题的特征及趋势。【方法】 基于1980—2020年Nature和Science期刊上的研究型论文,利用对比分析法,从时间维度对我国顶刊论文不同层级的研究主题展开国际比较研究。【结果】 中国顶刊论文学科结构沿着与全球趋同的方向演进;中国顶刊论文覆盖的研究领域较少,一些增长型和衰减型研究领域呈现追随全球的显著趋势;中国顶刊论文研究主题多为追随型,起步晚、时滞长。【结论】 高水平研究的发展,不仅需要科研人员更加注重论文的内在质量,科技期刊也应充分发挥“把关人”作用,机构与国家应健全科研评价体系,为推动我国高水平研究提供良好的发展氛围与制度保障。     

药事管理学科理论构建方法研究

目的 :进一步完善我国药事管理学科理论。方法 :采用演绎理论和扎根理论 ,研究药事管理学科理论构建的程序与方法。结果与结论 :药事管理学科理论具有多样性和实证性等特点 ,尚需不断努力研究和完善。     

关于中医基础理论重点学科建设问题的讨论

基础理论学科的知识创新与重点学科的建设工作密切相关，知识创新的技术平台建设主要依赖于学科发展方向、学术带头人、学科人才梯队和运行管理机制的建设。关注学术发展动态。拟定高起点、高水平的学科发展方向；根据科学发展趋势，选拔开拓进取、勇于创新的学科带头人；瞄准科学前沿，建立多层次、结构优化的学科人才梯队；创新管理模式，实行科学化运行机制和管理体制是保障知识创新的前提和基础。     

Clinical Management Reporting and Objective Diagnostic Instruments for Spiritual Assessment in Spinal Cord Injury Patients

Objective Instruments (SPA/SSI) and Clinical Management Reports (CMRs) were used for diagnostic and follow-up spiritual assessment in a man with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) and for diagnostic measurement in 37 other SCI patients. A set of five characteristic spiritual concerns of SCI patients was identified. Further it was shown SCI patients require about five times as much time per patient as other hospital patients for both chaplaincy and social work providers. Recommendations to Chaplain SCI programs suggest the SPA/SSI and CMRs are extremely useful in more prompt and focused response to SCI patient need and better communication and support from other health professionals. Management should be sure sufficient chaplain staff are provided to SCI patients both in time alloted and in specialized diagnostic training, so the SCI cases will be processed most expeditously.     

The evolution of medical informatics in China: A retrospective study and lessons learned

BackgroundIn contrast to China’s giant health information technology (HIT) market and tremendous investments in hospital information systems the contributions of Chinese scholars in medical informatics to the global community are very limited. China would like to have a more important position in the global medical informatics community.ObjectiveA better understanding of the differences between medical informatics research and education in China and the discipline that emerged abroad will better inform Chinese scholars to develop right strategies to advance the field in China and help identify an appropriate means to collaborate more closely with medical informatics scholars globally.MethodFor the first time, this paper divides the evolution of medical informatics in China into four stages based on changes in the core content of research, the educational orientation and other developmental characteristics. The four stages are infancy, incubation, primary establishment and formal establishment. This paper summarizes and reviews major supporting journals and publications, as well as major organizations. Finally, we analyze the main problems that exist in the current disciplinary development in China related to medical informatics research and education and offer suggestions for future improvement.ConclusionsThe evolution of medical informatics shows a strong and traditional concentration on medical library/bibliographic information rather than medical (hospital information or patient information) information. Misdirected-concentration, a lack of formal medical informatics trained teaching staff and mistakenly positioning medical informatics as an undergraduate discipline are some of the problems inhibiting the development of medical informatics in China. These lessons should be shared and learned for the global community.     

Modification by food of the calcium absorbability and physicochemical effects of calcium citrate.

The food-calcium (Ca) interaction was examined in 12 healthy women (mean age 38 years) maintained on a constant metabolic diet. They underwent three phases of study, comprised of control (no Ca), Ca citrate (1 g Ca/day) during meals, and Ca citrate separately from meals. Each phase was 7 days in length and two 24-hour urine samples were collected on days 6 and 7. The rise from the control phase in urinary Ca was slightly more prominent when Ca citrate was given with meals than without (68 and 62%, respectively). The fall in urinary phosphorus was equivalent at about 25% between Ca citrate phases. The rise in urinary citrate and pH and the decline in urinary ammonium were more prominent when Ca citrate was given with meals; however, the changes were small or nonsignificant. The urinary saturation of Ca oxalate, brushite or monosodium urate did not differ between the two Ca citrate phases. There was a nonsignificant rise in serum iron during Ca citrate phases. The results suggest that: 1) dissolution and absorption of Ca citrate might be slightly greater when given with food than without; 2) that the ability of Ca citrate to attenuate crystallization of stone-forming Ca salts in urine is not modified by food; and 3) that Ca citrate may not impair iron absorption from food.