慢性泪囊炎患者应用鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术的临床效果及对安全性的影响

目的探讨慢性泪囊炎患者应用鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术的临床效果及安全性。方法选取2018年1月至2019年12月因慢性泪囊炎于本院接受治疗的46例患者为研究对象,随机分为研究组与对照组,各23例。对照组接受泪囊鼻腔造口治疗,研究组取鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术治疗,比较两组临床效果、手术指标以及并发症发生情况。结果研究组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组术中出血量少于对照组,手术及住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);研究组并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论慢性泪囊炎患者采用鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术治疗效果显著,并发症较少,安全性较高,值得临床推广应用。     

再次泪囊鼻腔吻合术的临床分析

本文报告了１０例慢性泪囊炎患者，行泪囊鼻腔吻合术后，发生吻合口阻塞，再次行泪囊鼻腔吻合术，手术治愈率１００％。并就其阻塞的原因、防止方法、治疗方法进行了讨论     

Paediatric dacryocystorhinostomy

Of 258 cases of dacryocystorhinostomy performed on children in the period September 1981 to September 1991, 130 were for simple, unresolved congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Other indications for surgery included punctal agenesis, lacrimal fistula, post-traumatic and post-inflammatory canalicular obstruction. Of 177 children without canalicular pathology, 171 (96%) were relieved of symptoms with one operation, without canalicular intubation. Of 81 cases with canalicular disease, 55 of 70 (79%) who underwent DCR plus canalicular intubation, and 10 of 11 who underwent DCR plus Lester-Jones tube, were substantially improved with one operation. No child required peroperative or postoperative blood transfusion. Dacryocystorhinostomy in childhood, in experienced surgical hands, is a safe procedure, achieving relief of symptoms in most cases, particularly in the absence of canalicular disease.     

普通额镜下鼻内激光泪囊鼻腔造孔术治疗慢性泪囊炎

报告在普通额镜下以YAG激光经鼻腔行泪囊鼻腔造孔术，治疗慢性泪囊炎患者37例（45眼），经3～24个月的随访观察，泪道阻塞均解除，有效率为95．6％，治愈率为88．9％。本手术具有损伤小，操作简便，快捷，术后反应轻，并发症少等优点。并对手术方法及影响疗效的因素进行了探讨。     

An epidemiological study on patients undergoing dacryocystorhinostomy

Dacryocystorhinostomy is performed in patients with naso-lacrimal duct obstruction to bypass the site of obstruction so as to relieve the patient of the irritating and socially embarrassing symptoms of epiphora. We discuss the various epidemiological aspects especially the vast difference by which the females out-number the males in patients undergoing DCR and the likely explanations for this difference in our study on 74 patients which underwent DCR in our institute.     

Dacryoendoscopic Findings in the Failed Silicone Tube Intubations without Dacryoendoscopy

PurposeTo investigate the clinical characteristics and dacryoendoscopic findings and clinical efficacy of silicone tube intubation (STI) in the patients who referred to our center due to failed with conventional STI.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 61 cases from 50 patients who underwent STI or endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy using dacryoendoscopy from January 2016 to May 2021. Clinical characteristics, tear meniscus height, lacrimal irrigation test, dacryocystographic findings, dacryoendoscopic findings and surgical outcomes were evaluated.ResultsThe study included 12 male and 38 female patients (mean age, 64.1 ± 13.2 years). In the preoperative lacrimal irrigation test, passage was found in 33 eyes (54.1%) and no passage in 28 eyes (45.9%). The causes of lacrimal duct obstruction were in the order of stenosis (31.1%), mucus (27.9%), membrane (24.6%), granulation (13.1%), and stone (3.3%), and the location were in the order of nasolacrimal duct (39.3%), lacrimal sac (36.1%), canaliculus (21.3%), and inferior meatus (3.3%). As for the characteristics of obstruction, the secretory type was 21 eyes (34.4%), and structural change type was 40 eyes (65.6%). The STI group consisted of 57 eyes (93.4%) and endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy consisted of four eyes (6.6%). The overall success rate was 83.9%. Clinical results were correlated with dacryoendoscopic finding (p = 0.015), but not with lacrimal irrigation test or dacryocystography. The structural change type had a higher surgical success rate than the secretory type (84.4% vs. 66.7%, p = 0.015). In particular, the structural change type showed higher success rate than the secretory type below the lacrimal sac (95.5% vs. 61.9%, p = 0.034).ConclusionsSTI using dacryoendoscopy has a higher surgical success rate than conventional STI since dacryoendoscopy provides direct visualization of nasolacrimal duct obstruction. It could be useful in increasing the surgical success rate in patients with structural changes below lacrimal sac.     

Surgical Outcomes of Canalicular Trephination Combined with Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy in Patients with Distal or Common Canalicular Obstruction

PurposeThis study investigated the surgical outcomes of canalicular trephination combined with endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in patients with a distal or common canalicular obstruction. It also identified the factors affecting surgical success rates associated with this technique.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 57 patients (59 eyes) in whom a canalicular obstruction was encountered during endoscopic DCR. All patients were treated with endoscopic DCR, followed by canalicular trephination and silicone tube placement. The surgical outcome was categorized as a functional success according to the patient''s subjective assessment of symptoms, including epiphora, and as an anatomical success according to a postoperative nasolacrimal duct irrigation test. Surgical success rates were compared based on age, sex, location of the obstruction, number of silicone tubes, and experience of the surgeon.ResultsFunctional success was achieved in 55 of 59 eyes (93%) at one month, 50 eyes (84%) at three months, and 46 eyes (78%) at six months. Anatomical success was achieved in 58 of 59 eyes (98%) at one month, 52 eyes (88%) at three months, and 50 eyes (84%) at six months. There was a statistically significant difference in surgical outcome according to the experience of the surgeon. The anatomical success rate at the six-month follow-up exam was 95.4% in the >5 years of experience group, and 53.3% in the <5 years of experience group (p = 0.008, Pearson chi-square test).ConclusionsThe success rate of canalicular trephination combined with endoscopic DCR in patients with a distal or common canalicular obstruction decreased gradually during the six-month follow-up period. In particular, patients undergoing procedures with experienced surgeons tended to show excellent surgical outcomes at the six-month follow-up exam.     

内窥镜下缝合法用于泪囊鼻腔吻合的临床研究

目的：探讨内镜下经鼻泪囊鼻腔吻合术（ET-DCR）中缝合技术的临床价值。方法选择慢性泪囊炎患者85例98眼,按照随机数字表法分为两组（当双眼均为泪囊炎时,确定右眼是对照组还是观察组,左眼为另一组）对照组（不缝合）和观察组（缝合）。所有患者均随访超过12个月。比较两组治愈率和肉芽组织形成情况。结果观察组治愈率96．00％（48／50）,高于对照组的81．25％（39／48）（χ^2＝5．35,P＜0．05）。在随访期间,观察组有14．00％（7／50）、对照组有31．25％（15／48）患者吻合口周围发生肉芽组织增生（χ^2＝4．19,P＜0.05）。结论应用缝合技术的ET-DCR可减少肉芽组织形成,提高手术成功率,特别是对小泪囊患者可能存在特别优势。     

鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造孔术

经鼻内镜鼻腔泪囊开放术治疗慢性泪囊炎,疗效比传统的鼻外进路手术有所提高,而且可以同时处理鼻腔鼻窦病变,避免颜面部瘢痕,出血少、创伤小、术后反应轻。我科于1999年6月-2004年4月共收治慢性泪囊炎患者24例,现报告如下。     

鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术与传统鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎比较的Meta分析

目的系统评价鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术与传统鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎效果的差别。方法采用严密设计的检索策略检索万方数据库、重庆维普、中国生物医学文献数据库(Chinese biomedical literature database on disc,CBM disc)、中国期刊全文数据库(China national knowledge infrastructure,CNKI),Medline、EMbase和Cochrane,对有鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术与传统鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎效果比较的相关文献进行Meta分析。Meta分析的内容为鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术与传统鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎的治愈率、有效率及无效率。采用RevMan5.1.0进行统计学分析,二分类变量以优势比(OR)、95%可信区间(95%CI)为分析统计量。结果共计12篇文献1301眼纳入研究,鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术与传统鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎的治愈率差异(OR=1.38,95%CI:0.98～1.92,P=0.06)、有效率差异(OR=1.52,95%CI:0.89～2.60,P=0.12)、无效率差异(OR=0.65,95%CI:0.38～1.11,P=0.12)均无统计学意义。结论鼻内镜鼻腔泪囊造口术将取代传传统鼻腔泪囊吻合术,成为治疗慢性泪囊炎首选术式。