Collaboration--a new IT-service in the next generation of regional health care networks

During the past 10–15 years, Regional Health Care Networks (RHCN) have been established in many regions throughout the world. RHCN build on well-known techniques, methodologies and appropriate standards. Most of the European Countries today have set up IT strategic plans that focus on the establishment of RHCN. The benefits of having access to all relevant information are tremendous and contribute to cost-effective and coherent health services. By the rapid spread and use of Internet, technology has made it possible to interconnect all kinds of applications. In 2000, the most experienced regions in Europe joined PICNIC, a European project to develop the Next Generation Regional Health Care Networks and to support their new ways of providing health and social care. The previous generation of Regional Health Care Networks supported the interconnection of applications by transfer of messages. Messaging is an effective means of integration for isolated high-specialised systems that only need to exchange data. This service will continue to be one of the most important services in the future health care networks. However, tighter coupling may be desirable in some instances to avoid replicating the same functionality in several applications. In other words, certain services can be common and used by a number of applications instead of building that service inside each application. These common services are called middleware services. In PICNIC (http://www.medcom.dk/picnic), a new middleware Collaboration IT service has been identified and developed. This service allows the end users to perform real-time clinical collaboration, with exchange of text, structured data, voice and images across the limits of a single region. A clinical collaboration is associated with the shared clinical context to provide a record of relevant clinical information and facilitates synchronous as well as asynchronous collaboration. This new IT service builds on the increasing popularity of instance messaging and presence systems that facilitate smooth transition between synchronous and asynchronous interaction. The new Collaboration IT service is expected to have a strong impact on the practice of health care in the next generation of Regional Health Care Networks.     

供应驱动角度的双向转诊协同体系构建

双向转诊是有效配置区域上下级医疗机构间的医疗服务资源,构建合理分层就诊体系的重要举措.从供应驱动角度分析了双向转诊协同概念,指出了存在问题,提出了构建方法：完善供应链体系;协调供需平衡;信息实时共享;政策引导支持;与需求驱动互补等.     

基于危重新生儿协作网中重庆5家三级甲等医院危重新生儿数据分析

目的 基于危重新生儿协作网（简称数据库）的数据,反映危重新生儿的诊治现状,为提高诊疗水平提供帮助。方法 数据库上报小早产儿、新生儿败血症、坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)、有创和无创机械通气治疗时间≥4 h的新生儿,且在上报医院住院时间≥24 h。根据上述4种疾病情况,设置一般信息、围生期情况、动脉导管未闭、神经系统、早产儿视网膜病变、氧气支持或呼吸机治疗、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（NRDS）、感染、炎性指标、抗感染治疗、NEC、转归11个模块用于分析,协作医院均安排专人负责数据的收集及录入和审核,并行统一培训。结果 2013年1月至2014年9月数据库纳入重庆5家三级甲等协作医院1 501例危重新生儿,小早产儿435例(29.0%),新生儿败血症814例(542%),NEC 343例(228%),有创和无创机械通气治疗时间≥4 h新生儿742例(494%),总体存活率为752%(1 129/1 501)。出生体重＜750 g、~999 g、~1 249 g、~1 499 g、≥1 500 g小早产儿存活率分别为500%（3/6）、565%（13/23）、654%（53/81）、749%（131/175）和820%（123/150）; ＜27、27~、28~、29~、30~、31~和≥32孕周的小早产儿存活率分别为231%（3/13）、650%（13/20）、694%（26/36）、712%（52/73）、718%（61/85）、809%（89/110）和816%（80/98）。315例（724%）小早产儿行头颅B超检查,其中生后3 d内完成检查占 453%（197例）。264（607%)使用机械通气,163例有创机械通气,101例单纯nCPAP。217例（499%）小早产儿发生NRDS。165/217例(760%)使用PS。74/813例（91%）使用碳青霉烯类抗生素时间>2周,预防与非预防使用碳青霉烯类抗生素存活率分别为889% (16/18),875%(42/48),差异无统计学意义（χ2=0024,P=1000）。数据库上报的1 501例病例中NEC 343例（229%）,174例在腹胀10 d内能做出NEC诊断,313例行腹部X线片检查,仅有44例描述具有确诊意义的X线征象（肠壁积气、肠穿孔和肝门积气）。742例（494%）接受机械通气治疗,单纯无创机械通气180例,有创机械通气562例,无创机械通气和有创机械通气总体并发症发生率分别为11%（2/180）和174%（98/562）。结论 危重新生儿协作网对了解和提高中国危重新生儿诊疗水平有积极的探索性意义。危重新生儿诊治在3 d内行头颅B超检查、无创通气和践行气管插管-使用PS-拔管使用CPAP技术等方面需要进一步加强。     

Interprofessional Education and Practice Guide No. 2: Developing and implementing a center for interprofessional education

Abstract

The complexity of implementing interprofessional education and practice (IPEP) strategies that extend across the learning continuum requires that institutions create a structure to support effective and organized coordination among interested administrators, faculty and staff. The University of Virginia Center for Academic Strategic Partnerships for Interprofessional Research and Education (UVA Center for ASPIRE) was formally established in 2013 following five years of dramatic growth in interprofessional education at the School of Nursing, School of Medicine and the UVA Health System. This guide briefly describes the steps that led to the creation of the Center and the key lessons learned that can guide other institutions toward establishing their own IPE centers.