我院护士在职教育的体会

本文针对不同层次护理人员制定不同的培训目标和计划,采取岗前培训,岗位培训(专科培训、在职分层培训、护理人才培训),自学等形式,开展护士在职教育,不断扩充更新知识,以适应现代护理工作要求。     

121例重症恶性疟疾的临床抢救

目的重症恶性疟疾病情重，变化快，并发症多，患者若抢救不及时常可导致死亡，为观察疗效，总结121例重症恶性疟患者的临床抢救情况。方法用国产青蒿琥酯、蒿甲醚和法国产Quinimax配合一系列综合治疗。结果抢救121例重症恶性疟疾患者，共治愈103例（85．1％），死亡18例（14．9％）。结论早期诊断，积极预防并发症是降低死亡率的主要环节。     

胎盘早剥的超声诊断

目的:探讨超声对胎盘早剥的诊断价值。方法:对过去16年间我院收治的19例经手术或阴道分娩证实的胎盘早剥患者的声像图与产后结果对照。结果:B超对Ⅰ度胎盘早剥(剥离面积<1/3)的诊断符合率为37.50%,对Ⅱ度(剥离面积1/3左右)、Ⅲ度胎盘剥离(剥离面积>1/2)的诊断符合率为88.89%。结论:超声对中重型胎盘早剥的诊断符合率较轻型患者为高。     

特发性震颤的临床特点分析

目的探讨特发性震颤（essential tremor,ET）的临床特点。方法回顾性分析98例ET患者的临床资料。结果98例ET中男56例,女42例。发病年龄6～72岁,平均43．08±18．18岁。病程1～48年,平均14．04±11．39年。48例（48．98％）患者有阳性家族史。临床主要表现为单症状的姿势性震颤,累及部位依次为手98例（100％）、头38例（38．78％）、下肢28例（28．57％）、咽喉部16例（16．33％）、下颏10例（10．20％）等。64例患者做了饮酒试验,其中58例（90．63％）有酒精反应。84．62％的患者服用盐酸阿罗洛尔治疗有效。结论特发性震颤的临床表现以单症状姿势性震颤为主,手及头部受累明显,多数患者对酒精有反应,盐酸阿罗洛尔治疗有效。     

临床随访研究

目的探讨目前国内临床随访的情况。方法通过电子检索查阅中国期刊网历年文献。并对每篇文献进行从随访形式，随访时间，随访资料和主要指标进行总结。结论目前国内随访工作正在开展，但尚需统一管理及完善。     

50例肺炎性假瘤的临床病理分析

目的：探讨肺炎性假瘤的病理类型和临床特点；方法：根据1988年(HUNPATHOL)MATSUBRA等分型方法，对50例肺炎性假瘤进行临床病理分析；结果：机化肺炎型23例，纤维组织细胞型16例，淋巴浆细胞型11例；结论：肺炎性假瘤其性质均为良性，男性多于女性，共同的病理特点是纤维母细胞增生、血管增生，组织细胞、淋巴细胞、浆细胞浸润，肺泡细胞增殖。     

青少年型帕金森病的临床特征

目的　探讨青少年型帕金森病 (PD)的临床特征。方法　对 2 8例青少年型PD患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果　 2 8例中 5例有家族史 ,呈常染色体隐性遗传 (AR JP) ;症状轻、病程长 ,症状常左右不对称 ,腱反射活跃和症状波动较常见 ;头部CT或MRI检查一般正常 ;对多巴制剂反应良好 ,但其所诱发的症状波动出现早。与散发性PD患者相比 ,AR JP患者发病年龄更早 ,为 (2 0 6± 5 6 8)岁 ,病程更长 ,为 (9 5±5 77)年 ,而病情较轻、症状波动和腱反射活跃更多见 ,多巴制剂不良反应更常见。结论　青少年型PD具有独特的临床特征 ,可能是一个独立的疾病实体。AR JP与散发性青少年型PD临床特征不同 ,提示二者可能具有不同的发病机制。     

Translocation X;10 in a case of congenital acute monocytic leukemia

Unusual cytogenetic findings were noted in the leukemic cells from a patient with congenital acute monocytic leukemia (AMol or M5, according to the FAB classification), whereas, the chromosomes of cultured skin fibroblasts were normal. G-banded karyotypes of leukemic cells showed an X-autosome translocation, 46,X,t(X;10)(Xpter----q13::10q11.2----qter)(10pter---- q11.2::Xq28----q13:: Xq28----qter). Review of reported cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) with rearrangements involving chromosomes #10 or X showed a high frequency of abnormalities of the short arm of #10 in myelomonocytic (M4) and monocytic (M5) leukemias, particularly in patients less than 2-yr-of-age. Although previously reported cases of ANLL in infants are predominantly of these types, the translocation observed in this case is unique. Fragile sites known to exist on chromosomes #10 and X are not associated with neoplasia and, except for Xq27-28, were not at the breakpoints of the case presented. The precise location of a human cellular oncogene recently identified on the X chromosome remains unknown.     

Structural studies of murine I-E and human DR antigens.

The structures of murine I-E antigens from two strains of mice were compared to each other and to human DR antigens. Murine and human antigens were isolated by using allo- and xenoantiserum, respectively, and purified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The murine I-E and human DR antigens consist of two polypeptide chains designated α and β. The E_α and DR_α chains display a high degree of amino acid sequence homology as do the E_β and DR_β chains, provided a gap is inserted at position 1 of the DR_β chain. Comparison of N-terminal sequences reveals several differences between the β chains of I-E antigens from the two strains of mice. In contrast no sequence differences between the two α chains are observed. In addition, comparison of tryptic peptides examined by isoelectrofocusing reveals several differences between the two E_β chains, but not between the two E_α chains. Thus, the polymorphism of murine I-E antigens and by analogy human DR antigens, may result from structural differences in the smaller (β) chain.