Storage phosphor digital mammography

Digital mammography using storage phosphor CR is still in the investigational stage. It is the only digital mammography system that has been tested in preliminary clinical trials with promising early results. Further clinical studies are needed to assess the impact of the limited spatial resolution of storage phosphor technology on its application as a digital screening mammography system. Further studies also are needed to determine the optimum image processing parameters needed in digital mammography.     

CR、DR的工作原理及选择应用

数字化是当前医学影像技术发展的主流,合理地选择CR、DR符合医院的发展要求,对CR、DR的工作原理、配置构成及基本技术参数进行分析,对目前医疗单位的放射设备的选择采购有一定的参考意义。     

Comparison of the suppressive effects of soluble CR1 and C5a receptor antagonist in acute arthritis induced in rats by blocking of CD59

We investigated the effects of suppression of complement activation at C3 level and inhibition of C5a on acute synovitis in rats. Acute synovitis was induced in Wistar rats by intra-articular (i.a.) injection into one knee of 0.3 mg of MoAb 6D1 (anti-rat CD59 antibody). In the treatment groups, soluble CR1 (sCR1) or C5a receptor (C5aR) antagonist was administered intra-articularly or intravenously and effects on the course of the acute synovitis were monitored. Synovitis induced by 6D1 was characterized by joint swelling, thickening of synovial tissue, cellular infiltration and deposition of membrane attack complex (MAC) on the synovial surface. Neither inflammatory change nor MAC deposition was found in rats which received an i.a. injection of sCR1 to suppress complement activity in the joint. Intra-articular injection of sCR1 did not reduce plasma complement activity. Intravenous administration of sCR1 suppressed plasma complement activity but had no effect on the course of the arthritis and synovitis with MAC deposition was observed. Neither i.a. nor i.v. injection of C5aR antagonist had any suppressive effects on inflammatory change or MAC deposition in synovium. The data show that inflammatory change induced by 6D1 was mediated by local complement activation and was not accompanied by systemic complement activation. C5a generation was not responsible for the observed inflammation, suggesting that other complement activation products, possibly MAC, mediate the inflammatory change observed in this model of acute synovitis in rats.     

胃肠道癌患者血清中抗癌胚抗原(CEA)抗体的检测及意义

目的：探讨循环中抗癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）特异性抗体的情况，评价ＣＥＡ及抗体的联合检测在胃肠道癌诊断中的作用。方法：用放免法检测血清中 ＣＥＡ含量，用酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测抗 ＣＥＡ ＩｇＧ抗体，用竞争抑制法检测抗体的特异性。结果：胃肠道癌患者血清 ＣＥＡ含量升高者（≥１５ ｎｇ／ｍｌ）为 ３０．９％（２１／６８），抗 ＣＥＡ ＩｇＧ抗体阳性者为３５．３％（２４／６８），ＣＦＡ及抗 ＣＥＡ抗体的联合检测可使阳性率提高到５４．３％（３７／６８）；胃肠道良性疾病患者（多发性息肉、溃疡、胰腺炎等）血清ＣＥＡ升高者为３．３％（１／３０），抗 ＣＥＡ　ＩｇＧ抗体阳性者为 ３．３％（１／３０）；健康对照组血清 ＣＥＡ升高者为 ０，抗 ＣＥＡ ＩｇＧ抗体阳性者为 ２．５％（１／４０）。结论：胃肠道癌患者血清中抗癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）抗体的检出率较高，这些抗体可作为胃肠道癌的一种肿瘤标志物。     

Influence of antibody and complement components on phagocytosis and chemiluminescence of macrophages

Macrophages are known to release reactive oxygen species (O₂^?, ¹O₂, H₂O₂, OH·) in response to various membrane stimuliHowever, our studies show that phagocytic stimulation of macrophages is not necessarily accompanied by a stimulation of the oxidative burstWhereas IgG-opsonized erythrocytes were capable to induce phagocytosis and a chemiluminescence response, both being dependent on the number of IgG bound per erythrocyte, C3b-bearing erythrocytes were well ingested but failed to induce any chemiluminescence reactionFurthermore, stimulation of macrophages, via the Fc-receptors, seems to alter their functional state in regard to the activation of a receptor, which enables them to recognize membrane lesions on the target erythrocyteThe presence of IgG and membrane lesions, e.gthe C5b-9-complex of complement, induced a marked increase in chemiluminescence compared with stimulation by IgG-bearing particles aloneThe augmented response of macrophages was at least in part due to an additional release of H₂O₂, which was not liberated in response to IgG-bearing erythrocytesThis «Alesion recognizing receptor» in the macrophage membrane could not be activated by stimulation of C3b-receptors, indicating its functional linkage to the Fc-receptors.     

The CR2/CD19 complex on human B cells contains the src-family kinase Lyn

The complement receptor 2 (CR2 or CD21) can be found in non-covalentassociation with the Blymphocyte specific CD19 complex at thesurface of mature human B cells. Upon ligation of the B cellantigen receptor complex (BCR), members of the CR2-CD19 complexmay associate with membrane immunoglobulin (mlg). Moreover,CD19 and CD21 ligands, either murine mAb, C3d fragments or Epstein—Barrvirus, are known to have profound effects on B cell activation.We here show that CD19 is tightly linked to the non-receptorsrc kinase Lyn and that the CD19 glycoprotein itself servesas a substrate for a yet undefined serine/threonine kinase presentwithin the complex. In the process of antigen recognition, mlgand the CR2-CD19 complex may bind different sites of a complement-opsonizedantigenic particle. We hypothesize that in this process, approximationto the BCR allows CD19-associated Lyn kinase to phosphorylatepotential substrates within the antigen—receptor complex,thereby effecting its coupling to the intracellular compartment.     

Association between polymorphisms in the human chemokine receptor genes CCR2 and CX3CR1 and rheumatoid arthritis

Cell trafficking into the rheumatoid synovium is thought to play an important role in the inflammation seen in rheumatoid arthritis. Chemokine receptors play a central role in this process, and several common variants are known, including the CCR2 variant, CCR2-64I, and two variants of the CX3CR1 gene, V249I and T280M. All three variants result in functional amino acid substitutions. We studied the association of these chemokine receptor variants with susceptibility to and severity of rheumatoid arthritis in two Dutch patient populations; 282 consecutive rheumatoid arthritis patients from a rheumatology outpatient clinic, and a cohort of 101 female rheumatoid arthritis patients, followed closely for a 12-year period, from whom hand and feet X-rays taken at three year intervals were scored and analyzed in this study. Although there was a trend towards increased severity of disease in patients carrying CX3CR1 variants, this was not independent of known risk factors. We found no evidence for a significant independent role for the CCR2 and CX3CR1 variants in the susceptibility to or severity of rheumatoid arthritis.     

常规X线设备的技术进展中国国际医用仪器设备展览会巡视

影像技术的每一次进步,都与其相关设备的更新换代紧密相连,只要谈到医学影像技术的新发展,就必然涉及到相关设备的推陈出新.常规X线设备近期技术发展主要体现在主机系统的高频化、控制系统的智能化以及图像系统的数字化.实现图像数字化主要有成像板技术(IP)、平板检测技术(FPD)、CCD或CMOS技术及线扫描技术等.数字化新技术在X线摄影方面,CR在朝体积更小、速度更快、功能更多、操作更方便发展.DR在降低辐射计量、提高成像速度和分辨率及进一步拓展软件功能方面迅速发展.     

CR/DR图像背景影像自动识别与消除技术及其在PACS环境中的应用

提出了CR／DR图像背景影像自动识别与消除的方法．并将这一方法应用于PACS环境中．极大地提高了图像显示、打印、传输与压缩等诸多方面的性能。