丁螺环酮合并认知疗法对酒依赖的疗效观察

目的探讨酒依赖患者应用丁螺环酮与认知疗法后的效果。方法67例酒依赖患者随机分两组。甲组在丁螺环酮治疗的同时应用认知疗法,疗程8周。乙组用丁螺环酮和一般性治疗。出院后两组均每个月随访一次,时间半年。应用汉密顿焦虑量表（HAMA）和汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）的评分及半年复饮率,判断患者戒酒疗效。结果治疗结束两组HAMA酒依赖HAMD的评分均显著下降。但甲组效果更明显,半年复饮率甲组显著低于乙组（P〈0.05）。结论丁螺环酮合并认知疗法有利于患者正确对待酗酒给家庭和自身带来的危害,帮助其戒酒,效果显著。     

坦度螺酮与丁螺环酮治疗广泛性焦虑及对生活质量影响的对照研究

目的观察坦度螺酮及丁螺环酮治疗广泛性焦虑症（GAD）病人的疗效及对生活质量的影响。方法共入组GAD病人90例,坦度螺酮组给予坦度螺酮30～60mg／d,每日3次口服,丁螺环酮组给予丁螺环酮15—30mg／d,每日3次口服。采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、不良反应量表观察疗效,健康状况调查问卷（SF-36）评定生活质量。结果治疗后,坦度螺酮组HAMA总分及各时段HAMA减分率与丁螺环酮组比较差异无统计学意义,SF-36各因子分高于丁螺环酮组。结论坦度螺酮治疗GAD疗效肯定,并可提高生活质量。     

文拉法辛治疗焦虑症30例

目的:比较文拉法辛与丁螺环酮治疗焦虑症的疗效和不良反应.方法:将60例符合CCMD-3诊断标准的焦虑症患者随机分为文拉法辛组(30例)和丁螺环酮组(30例)治疗4周.采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和副反应量表(TESS)评价疗效和副反应.结果:文拉法辛与丁螺环酮治疗焦虑症均有效,且疗效相当,不良反应均轻微.文拉法辛起效较丁螺环酮快.结论:文拉法辛是治疗焦虑症起效较快的、安全和有效的药物.     

帕罗西汀与丁螺环酮治疗焦虑症的临床研究

目的观察帕罗西汀的抗焦虑疗效及其副作用。方法57例病人分为帕罗西汀组（30例）和丁螺环酮组（27例），分别口服帕罗西汀和丁螺环酮。应用HAMD、HAMA、TESS量表在疗后1、3、5、7周进行疗效及其副反应评定。结果帕罗西汀的痊愈率（64．4％）高于丁螺环酮（44．4％），但无显著性差异（χ^2=0．825，P〉0．05）；其显效率（84．81％）与丁螺环酮（74．8％）相近。帕罗西汀见效快，副作用发生率低而轻微。结论帕罗西汀抗焦虑疗效肯定、副作用少。     

The effects of buspirone and diazepam on aversive context- and social isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalisation

Rats emit two types of high-frequency vocalisations (aversive and appetitive calls) in different behavioural situations. The aims of this paper were to examine an animal model of appetitive behaviour (as an element of social interaction) and to study the effects of selected psychotropic drugs on appetitively evoked ultrasonic vocalisation (USVs) and aversive context-evoked USVs. Specifically, we analysed the impact of the encounter of pairs of adult rats after long-term isolation on ultrasound vocalisation. It was found that isolation of the adult rats significantly enhanced the appetitive ultrasound vocalisations (50-kHz) during encounters between pairs of rats. In the pharmacological part of the study, we found that diazepam (1.0 mg kg^− 1) significantly increased isolation-induced appetitive USVs (50 kHz) and decreased aversive context-evoked USVs (22-kHz). Buspiron (3.0 mg kg^− 1) decreased the aversive context-evoked USVs and had no effect on isolation-induced appetitive USVs. These data indicate that long-term, isolation-induced 50-kHz USVs in adult rats represent a new behavioural parameter under control of the central GABAergic system, which can be used to study the effects of anxiolytic drugs.