Endobronchial aspergillosis and actinomycosis associated with broncholithiasis

Endobronchial aspergillosis or actinomycosis associated with broncholithiasis is extremely rare. Here, we describe two cases of endobronchial aspergillosis and actinomycosis associated with broncholithiasis. The patients underwent pulmonary resection due to massive hemoptysis. These cases reveal that a bronchiolith can potentially induce endobronchial fungal or bacterial infection, even in immunocompetent patients.     

支气管结石病的纤维支气管镜下诊断和治疗

目的 评价纤维支气管镜在支气管结石病患者诊断与治疗中的价值。方法 回顾分析2000-2006年在长海医院接受纤维支气管镜检查和治疗的支气管结石病患者的临床资料。结果 共诊断19例支气管结石病患者，发现24枚支气管结石，对其中的18例患者和22枚结石进行了纤维支气管镜下取石治疗。成功取出18枚（81.8%）支气管结石。所有患者均未发生明显的并发症。结论 纤维支气管镜用于诊断和治疗支气管结石病是安全和有效的。     

Broncholithiasis managed by surgical resection

Broncholithiasis is frequently associated with hemoptysis and infection. The most common cause of the disease is the presence of calcified material in a bronchus or in a cavity communicating with a bronchus. We present two cases of broncholithiasis treated by surgery. Case 1 involves a 57-year-old woman who presented with cough and bloody sputum. She had suffered from recurrent pneumonia in the left lower lobe caused by broncholithiasis for 2 years. We performed left S6 segmentectomy with bronchoplasty after unsuccessful bronchoscopic removal. Case 2 is a 65-year-old man who had had hilar tuberculous lymphoadenopathy at the age of 20. Recently he had suffered from recurrent bloody sputum and pulmonary suppuration for 3 years. We performed right upper lobectomy because the right B3 was occluded by inflammatory granulation with calcification. Postoperatively, these two patients have been alive and well with no complications. The indications of surgery for broncholithiasis include a difficult bronchoscopic broncholithectomy, massive hemoptysis, and irreversible complications such as chronic pulmonary suppurative disease.     

An unusual respiratory tract foreign body: A case report of pediatric broncholithiasis

Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is one of the most life-threatening diseases in children. Its symptom is non-specific sometimes; therefore the distinction with some similar clinical presentation pulmonary disease should be performed. Here, we reported a 5-year-old girl who was misdiagnosed with foreign body aspiration twice based on the broncho-obstructive symptom and radiologic finding. Finally, the diagnosis of broncholithiasis was confirmed by finding broncholiths in the respiratory tract through bronchoscopy. It is replied that bronchoscopy should be performed in the children with unexplained airway obstruction symptom. Furthermore, it is the first report about the broncholiths located at the upper main trachea.     

支气管结石的HRCT表现及其临床应用价值

目的:探讨支气管结石的高分辨率CT(HRCT)表现及其临床应用价值。方法:选取2013年1月—2020年7月来我院确诊的21例支气管结石患者,分为HRCT组和常规CT组,回顾性分析HRCT和常规CT表现,并对其进行比较。结果:HRCT组与常规CT组之间对段以下支气管结石和支气管扩张的检出比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),两组对检出段及段以上支气管结石和支气管扩张的比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:HRCT能够清晰显示支气管结石位置、大小、形态及其与支气管的关系,为临床诊断及鉴别诊断提供更有价值的信息。     

以反复大咯血为临床表现的支气管结石症1例报告

1 临床资料 患者,女,74岁,因"间断咯血4年余,加重半月"于2007年3月9日人院.患者于2003年3月无明显诱因出现咳嗽、咳白痰,痰中带血,当地医院诊断为"肺结核,右中肺不张",予以异烟肼、利福平、吡嗪酰胺、乙胺丁醇等药物抗结核治疗,上述症状无明显好转.2004年4月起反复间断咯血,暗红色,量不等,可达10～500 ml/d,当地予以对症止血治疗,咯血仍反复发作,时轻时重,与体位变动相关.平卧位咯血加重.