Effects of mental and physical stress on plasma catecholamine levels before and afterβ-adrenoceptor blocker treatment

Summary In a study in mild hypertensives, the impact of mental and physical stress on plasma epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), and on their ratio (NE/E) was evaluated. The effect of two-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, atenolol and bopindolol, on plasma catecholamine levels was also examined.Each stressful stimulus significantly increased the NE and E levels compared to rest. The increase was progressive from mental stress, through the handgrip test to the treadmill test. A slight decrease in the NE/E ratio was observed following mental stress and the handgrip test, while this ratio increased during the treadmill test.No significant impact of beta blocking treatment on catecholamine levels was observed under any test condition.     

Insulin alters cardiac muscle creatine kinase activity

The expression of mRNAs of creatine kinase (CK)-B and CK-M has been show to be affected by insulin, and myocardial CK-MB activity is suppressed in insulin-deficient rats. We investigated the dose-related effect of insulin on CK-MB activity in cardiac and skeletal muscles. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: (1) control group, (2) diabetic group, injected with 65 mg/kg streptozotocin for 4 weeks, and (3) atenolol group, administered 30 mg/kg per day atenolol. Each group was further divided into three subgroups and administered either saline, or 20 (Ins 20) or 30 (Ins 30) U/kg per day insulin. After 3 weeks, the isoenzyme activity of CK and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the left ventricle of the heart (LV) and the major pectoral muscle (PM) was measured. Serum insulin increased and plasma glucose decreased in Ins 20 and Ins 30, dose-dependently, in all three groups. Both CK-MB and -BB activity in LV increased dose-dependently with insulin treatment in the control, diabetes, and atenolol groups, although these changes did not occur in skeletal muscles. CK-MB in LV correlated with the serum insulin levels in all rats, while no correlation was found in the skeletal muscles. These findings suggest that insulin possibly regulates the distribution of CK isoenzymes in rat heart muscle, and that the effect of insulin is not due to the sympathetic drive induced by hypoglycemia. Received: November 8, 1999 / Accepted: February 12, 2000     

紫外分光光度法测定阿替洛尔缓释微囊含量

目的：建立以紫外分光光度法测定阿替洛尔缓释微囊含量的方法。方法：将阿替洛尔缓释微囊研磨破碎,转移至容量瓶中,稀释后,在224nm处进行含量测定。结果：阿替洛尔在224nm处有最大吸收,辅料对测定无干扰。标准曲线方程：A=0.0355C+0.0014,线性范围为2.5～20.0μg·ml-1。回收率98.81%～99.36%,精密度和稳定性RSD均在2%以内,符合《中国药典》的要求。     

银杏叶片联合阿替洛尔治疗急性心肌梗死的临床研究

目的研究银杏叶片联合阿替洛尔片治疗急性心肌梗死的临床疗效。方法选取2018年1月—2019年6月在天津市第三中心医院分院治疗的120例急性心肌梗死患者,将所有患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各60例。对照组口服阿替洛尔片,6.25～12.5 mg/次,2次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服银杏叶片,2片/次,3次/d。两组患者持续治疗14 d。观察两组患者临床疗效,对比两组的心功能指标和血清生化指标水平。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为81.67%、95.00%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)显著降低,左心室射血分数(LVEF)和左心室高峰充盈率(LVPFR)显著升高(P0.05),且治疗组心功能指标改善较明显(P0.05)。治疗后,两组血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、N-末端脑钠肽前体(NT-pro BNP)、肌酸激酶(CK)和内皮素-1(ET-1)水平均显著降低(P0.05);并且治疗组血清生化指标水平降低较明显(P0.05)。结论银杏叶片联合阿替洛尔片治疗急性心肌梗死具有较好的治疗效果,能够改善心肌功能,降低血清生化指标水平。     

Atenolol versus the fixed combination of atenolol and nifedipine in stable angina pectoris

One hundred and fourteen patients (94 male) with chronic stableangina who had a positive exercise test after 4 weeks on atenololalone were randomized to receive either atenolol alone or thefixed combination of atenolol and nifedipine slow release formulationfor 4 weeks in a double-blind cross-over manner. Exercise stresstesting (Bruce protocol) at the end of each treatment perioddemonstrated that the time to the onset of pain and occurrenceof 1 mm ST segment depression improved significantly (P <0.05 and P < 0.001 respectively) whilst on the fixed combinationcompared to atenolol alone. In order to achieve sufficient sensitivityin the analysis of the exercise times, novel statistical methodsbased on survival analysis were used. Maximum ST segment depressionwas 0.13 mm less (p < 0.04) while on the fixed combination.The incidence of withdrawals and adverse effects was similaron both treatments.     

阿替洛尔片原料与辅料相容性问题的探讨

目的：观察阿替洛尔片原料药与辅料的相容性,为更好地控制和提高质量提供依据和信息.方法：通过加速稳定性试验,应用《中国药典》2010年版二部阿替洛尔片有关物质检查方法,考察阿替洛尔片的有关物质变化,作为阿替洛尔片原辅料相容性的观察指标.结果：有新杂质产生,表明阿替洛尔原辅料发生了相容性反应.结论：阿替洛尔片的原辅料存在相容性问题,初步分析可能是由于阿替洛尔原料和辅料羧甲基淀粉钠中残留的一氯乙酸的相互作用有关,进而提示药品生产企业应关注上市后药品的原辅料相容性问题.     

Atenolol oral en el manejo del hemangioma infantil: serie de casos de 46 pacientes

Propranolol, a non-selective beta-blocker, remains the first line of treatment for problematic infantile hemangioma. However, although rarely, a subset of patients experience undesirable side effects, raising interest in other selective beta-blockers. We present a large case series of 46 infants treated successfully with oral atenolol, a selective beta-1 blocker.     

阿替洛尔片人体生物等效性研究

目的:了解不同厂家阿替洛尔片的药动学特征和相对生物利用度的差异。方法:将22名健康受试者交叉单剂量口服受试药(T)和参比药(R)50mg后,用HPLC荧光检测法检测不同时间的血药浓度,用非房室模型计算药动学参数,并对Cmax、Tmax和AUC0→24进行生物等效性分析。结果:受试药(T)和参比药(R)的达峰时间(Tmax)分别为(2.61±0.75)h和(2.52±0.65)h;峰浓度(Cmax)分别为(322.9±107.4)ng/mL和(325±126.1)ng/mL;消除半衰期(t1/2β)分别为(5.69±1.11)h和(5.36±1.16)h;AUC0→24分别为(2587.4±808.0)ng/mL.h、(2571.3±810.4)ng/mL.h,AUC0→∞分别为(2739.8±809.7)ng/mL.h和(2704.7±823.2)ng/mL.h。结论:2家阿替洛尔片为生物等效制剂,受试药物对参比药物的相对生物利用度为(100.6±33.0)%。     

小剂量药物联合治疗高血压的可行性研究

目的通过对西宁市基层推广小剂量硝苯地平(N)、阿替洛尔(A)、氢氯噻嗪(H)、卡托普利(C)联合治疗高血压个体化方案实施4年的情况进行分析,探讨该方案在基层推广的可行性及存在问题。方法选取西宁市2006—2009年所有行NAHC个体化治疗的高血压患者的病历资料,从该方案的技术培训、药品选择、加入程序、服药方法、治疗费用和患者治疗前血压、治疗后血压、续服药情况及退出治疗方案原因等方面进行总结分析。结果共纳入801例患者,男340例,女433例,平均年龄(57.3±10.3)岁。治疗前平均收缩压(SBP)(147.9±19.4)mmHg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),平均舒张压(DBP)(91.4±14.1)mm Hg;治疗后有血压测量记录者368例,其中男160例,女280例,平均SBP(128.5±12.4)mm Hg,平均DBP(80.1±8.7)mm Hg。治疗达标351例,达标率95.4%;坚持服药2年及以上者85例,占10.6%。因资料不全,出现无性别、无联系电话、无治疗前血压、无年龄、无既往最高血压、无家族史者,分别为28、29、33、34、365和392例。服药日均费用0.090元,年费用...