东北不同产地野生罗布麻叶总黄酮含量及抗氧化性比较

目的 测定东北松嫩草原和辽河入海口野生罗布麻叶总黄酮和槲皮素含量,并对其抗氧化活性进行比较.方法 超声波辅助提取总黄酮,比色法和HPLC分别测定总黄酮和槲皮素含量,DPPH·和·OH清除法评价抗氧化活性.结果 松嫩草原和辽河入海口罗布麻叶总黄酮含量分别为10.593～11.001mg·g-1,11.203mg·g-1;槲皮素含量分别为5.507～5.753mg·g-1,5.218mg·g-1.松嫩草原罗布麻叶总黄酮抗氧化活性较强.结论 辽河入海口和松嫩草原野生罗布麻叶总黄酮、槲皮素含量差异不显著,松嫩草原野生罗布麻叶总黄酮具有较强的抗氧化活性.     

不同产地罗布麻叶中原花色素的含量测定

目的:测定不同产地罗布麻叶中原花色素的含量,并对不同产地的罗布麻叶进行比较。方法:采用分光光度法测定氯化花色素,测定波长为545nm。结果:天津产罗布麻叶中原花色素含量最高,新疆的最低。天津、山东、山西、陕西和新疆5个不同产地罗布麻叶中原花色素含量依次为10.95%,7.96%,7.30%,6.56%,2.16%。结论:不同产地罗布麻叶中的原花色素含量差异明显,应选择使用。     

五种养心安神中药的抗惊厥作用初探

目的：研究远志、酸枣仁、合欢皮、柏子仁和罗布麻叶等五种养心安神药的抗惊厥活性。方法：采用95％乙醇分别对远志、酸枣仁、合欢皮、柏子仁和罗布麻叶进行提取，制备其醇提物；然后采用戊四唑（PTZ）致小鼠惊厥模型对所得5种醇提物的抗惊厥活性进行考察。结果：远志醇提物8g/kg能降低小鼠惊厥发生率，并显著延长小鼠发生惊厥的潜伏期和死亡时间，降低死亡率；酸枣仁醇提物和合欢皮醇提物在8g/kg时都明显延长惊厥小鼠的死亡时间，同时降低小鼠死亡率；柏子仁醇提物和罗布麻叶醇提物对P1Z致小鼠惊厥无影响。结论：远志醇提物、酸枣仁醇提物和合欢皮醇提物均有抗惊厥作用．其中远志醇提物作用最强：柏子仁醇提物和罗布麻叶醇提物无抗惊厥作用。     

罗布麻叶指纹图谱研究和品质评价

目的:建立罗布麻叶的高效液相色谱指纹图谱,测定样品中槲皮素含量,对商品罗布麻叶的品种和质量进行评价。方法:色谱柱为汉邦C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.4%磷酸(梯度洗脱),检测波长为360nm,流速为0.9mL·min-1。结果:槲皮素精密度良好(RSD=0.21%,n=6);罗布麻叶溶液重现性良好(RSD=1.8%,n=6),且10h内较为稳定。结论:本研究为罗布麻叶药材的鉴定和品质评价提供了科学依据。     

罗布麻叶总黄酮类化合物的提取及含量测定

目的建立罗布麻叶总黄酮含量的测定方法,并用此方法优化罗布麻叶的提取方法.方法以槲皮素为标准品,采用紫外分光光度法对罗布麻叶提取物中主要成分黄酮类化合物的含量进行测定,并比较75%乙醇回流、超声、索氏以及水提,超声5种提取方法所得提取物中总黄酮的含量.结果槲皮素的线性范围为2.96-22.20 mg·L-1,回归方程为Y=11.54X+0.175(r=0.999 96),75%乙醇超声2 h所得提取物中黄酮类化合物含量最高(13.07%).结论紫外分光光度法可以作为罗布麻叶的质量控制方法之一,用75%乙醇超声2 h提取所得的提取物中黄酮类化合物的含量较高.     

罗布麻花化学成分研究

目的研究新疆产罗布麻花的化学成分。方法硅胶柱色谱和薄层色谱进行分离和纯化,通过理化性质和光谱分析鉴定其结构。结果从罗布麻花中分离鉴定了3个香豆素类和6个黄酮类化合物,分别为东莨菪素(Ⅰ)、异白蜡树定(Ⅱ)、秦皮甲素(Ⅲ)、山柰酚(Ⅳ)、槲皮素(Ⅴ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ)、芸香苷(Ⅷ)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅸ)。结论以上Ⅰ～Ⅲ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ化合物为首次从该植物花中分离而得。     

Highly selective and sensitive determination of free and total amino acids in Apocynum venetum L. (Luobuma tea) by a developed HPLC–FLD method coupled with pre-column fluorescent labelling

Amino acids (AA) are important chemical constituents of tea leaves remarkably influencing the quality of tea. In this study, free AA and total AA in Apocynum venetum L. (Luobuma tea) were estimated by HPLC equipped with fluorescent detector using 2-[2-(7H-dibenzo[a,g]carbazol-7-yl)-ethoxy] ethyl chloroformate (DBCEEC) as a fluorescent labelling reagent. Different parameters for derivatization and separation were optimized. AA were rapidly derivatized within 3 min at room temperature with DBCEEC. In conjunction with a gradient elution, a baseline resolution of 20 analytes was achieved on a reversed-phase Hypersil BDS C18 column. LC separation for the derivatized AA showed good reproducibility. Twenty AA were detected and showed significant linear responses with correlation coefficients (>0.9992). This developed method offered the low detection limit of 2.88–23.4 fmol.     

罗布麻叶中三十烷醇的药理研究

罗布麻(Apocynum uenctum L.)叶经植化分析,含有脂溶性成分三十烷醇(Triacon tanol,简称TC)。该成分为一种植物生长调节剂,微量即能促进植物生长。对动物的影响,尚未见报道。本文就TC对小鼠生长和免疫功能的影响,以及对细胞染色体的保护作用等作了初步研究。     

罗布麻叶中黄酮类成分的定位与相对定量

为探讨罗布麻不同生长年限植株上不同部位叶中黄酮类成分的分布与相对含量变化,利用激光共聚焦显微技术对7月份采收的罗布麻1～3年龄植株上部、中部、下部的叶中黄酮类成分进行组织定位和相对定量。所记录数据经正态性、方差齐性检验后进行方差分析(ANOVA),并使用LSD检验作多重比较。结果显示黄酮类成分主要分布在叶脉维管束木质部导管壁、叶脉上下方厚角组织、表皮细胞及外方蜡质层。统计分析表明罗布麻叶中黄酮类成分的含量在不同年龄植株上不同部位之间有一定的差异。     

Apocynum venetum leaf aqueous extract inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels of mouse neuroblastoma N2A cells

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Apocynum venetum Linn. (Apocynaceae family), also called Luobuma, is a shrub which grows widely in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China. Its leaves are used in herbal tea for the treatment of hypertension, anxiety and depression. Animal studies have also shown that Apocynum venetum leaf extract (AVLE) also exerts anti-depressant and anti-anxiety activities. The effects of AVLE on neuronal tissues in vitro are not fully understood.

Materials and methods

Using the whole-cell voltage-clamp method, we studied the effects of AVLE on ion channels in cultured mouse neuroblastoma N2A cells.

Results

AVLE inhibited voltage-gated inward Na⁺ current in a reversible and concentration-dependent manner (half-inhibitory concentration was 18 μg/ml and maximum inhibition at 100 μg/ml). AVLE specifically promoted steady-state inactivation of Na⁺ channels but did not affect voltage-dependence of activation. The inhibitory effect was not use-dependent and was not affected by 300 μM L-NAME, suggesting that NO was not involved in the action of AVLE in neuronal cells. AVLE also had a mild inhibitory effect on voltage-gated K⁺ channels, but did not affect ATP-sensitive K⁺ channels.

Conclusions

Since voltage-gated Na⁺ and K⁺ channels are associated with neuronal excitability and therefore affect neurotransmission, the modulation of neuronal ion channels by AVLE may exert neuropharmacological effects. In particular, the inhibition of voltage-gated Na⁺ currents by AVLE may in part account for the psychopharmacological effects of this herbal remedy.