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排序方式: 共有872条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Andy KH Lim 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2020,26(10):1020-1028
Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome of skeletal muscle injury with release of cellular constituents such as potassium,phosphate,urate and intracellular proteins such as myoglobin into the circulation,which may cause complications including acute kidney injury,electrolyte disturbance and cardiac instability.Abnormal liver function tests are frequently observed in cases of severe rhabdomyolysis.Typically,there is an increase in serum aminotransferases,namely aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase.This raises the question of liver injury and often triggers a pathway of investigation which may lead to a liver biopsy.However,muscle can also be a source of the increased aminotransferase activity.This review discusses the dilemma of finding abnormal liver function tests in the setting of muscle injury and the potential implications of such an association.It delves into some of the clinical and experimental evidence for correlating muscle injury to raised aminotransferases,and discusses pathophysiological mechanisms such as oxidative stress which may cause actual liver injury.Serum aminotransferases lack tissue specificity to allow clinicians to distinguish primary liver injury from muscle injury.This review also explores potential approaches to improve the accuracy of our diagnostic tools,so that excessive or unnecessary liver investigations can be avoided. 相似文献
2.
目的 探讨血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)与新诊2型糖尿病(T2DM)患病风险之间的关联,为T2DM的防治提供科学依据。方法 采用4阶段分层随机抽样的方法选取2006年和2009年参与青岛糖尿病预防项目的研究对象男性3 012例、女性4 422例,采用Pearson相关检验分析不同性别ALT与FPG、2 h PG的相关性,并利用多因素logistic回归分析ALT与新诊T2DM患病的关系。结果 男性中,ALT与空腹血浆血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血浆血糖(2 h PG)的Pearson相关系数分别为0.088、0.080(均P<0.01);多因素logistic回归显示,在调整了年龄、BMI、糖尿病家族史、城乡、教育、婚姻、收入、吸烟及饮酒状况等混杂因素后,ALT的第4分位(Q4)组新诊T2DM患病风险是第1分位(Q1)组的1.832倍(OR = 1.832,95% CI:1.324~2.534,P<0.01)。女性中,ALT与FPG、2h PG的Pearson相关系数分别为0.065、0.108(均P<0.01);多因素logistic回归显示,在调整了年龄、BMI、糖尿病家族史、城乡、教育、婚姻、收入、吸烟及饮酒状况等混杂因素后,ALT的第4分位(Q4)组新诊T2DM患病风险是第1分位(Q1)组的1.445倍(OR = 1.445,95% CI:1.087~1.919,P<0.05)。结论 在男、女性人群中,ALT水平升高与T2DM患病相关,且这种相关性不受年龄、BMI、糖尿病家族史等的影响。 相似文献
3.
Lower level of serum potassium and higher level of C-reactive protein as an independent risk factor for giant aneurysms in Kawasaki disease 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Giant aneurysms are the most serious issue of patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). To clarify risk factors for these giant aneurysms, we conducted a matched case-control study. Among the patients reported in nationwide surveys, 117 patients with giant aneurysms had an unequivocal new diagnosis and presented at the treatment center within 9 d of illness. We obtained clinical information on admission of about 69 patients (case) from the treatment centers. One control was selected for each case, an age- and sex-matched patient without coronary involvement, reported from the same treatment center at about the same time as the case, and we obtained the same clinical information about controls. Fourteen variables were analysed with a conditional logistic regression model: body temperature, hematocrit, hemoglobin, numbers of leukocyte and platelets, concentrations of serum albumin, globulin, total cholesterol, sodium, potassium and chloride, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and alanine aminotransferase activity. After adjustment for age, duration of illness before admission and use of intravenous gamma globulin therapy, C-reactive protein [odds ratio (OR) = 1.142, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.054-1.237], alanine aminotransferase activity (OR = 1.008, 95% CI 1.002-1.014), serum sodium concentration (OR = 0.877, 95% CI 0.770-0.999) and serum potassium concentration (OR = 0.319, 95% CI 0.124-0.822) were significantly related to the risk for giant aneurysms. Further analyses with these four explanatory variables revealed that C-reactive protein (OR = 1.159, 95% CI 1.022-1.315) and serum potassium concentration (OR = 0.222, 95% CI 0.052-0.948) met the significant level. Thus, the values for serum C-reactive protein and potassium are independent risk factors for the development of the giant aneurysms of Kawasaki disease. 相似文献
4.
R. Bolzani G. P. Bianchi G. Marchesini E. Sarti 《Medical & biological engineering & computing》1990,28(4):325-328
A three-compartment model was used to analyse the urea response to an alanine infusion in control subjects and patients with
liver cirrhosis. Discriminant analysis showed a good separation between model coefficients of the two groups. A single parameter
was derived, able to quantify the liver functional capacity. The method provides a useful diagnostic tool in patients with
liver disease. 相似文献
5.
Using electrophysiological and radiotracer studies in parallel, we have investigated the characteristics of the endogenous Na+-dependent amino acid transporter (system B0,+) in Xenopus oocytes with regard to ion dependence, voltage dependence and transport stoichiometry. In voltage-clamped oocytes (–60 mV) superfusion with saturating concentrations of amino acids (1 mM) in 100 mM NaCl resulted in reversible, inward currents (mean±SEM): alanine, 1.83±0.09 nA (n=21); arginine, 2.54±0.18 nA (n=17); glutamine, 1.73±0.10 nA (n=19). Only arginine evoked a current in choline medium (0.50±0.13 nA, n=10), whereas Cl– replacement had no effect on evoked currents. The glutamine-evoked current was saturable (I
max=1.73 nA, glutamine K
m=0.12 mM) and linearly dependent upon voltage between –90 and –30 mV. Using direct and indirect (activation) methods, we found that transport can proceed with Na+/amino acid coupling stoichiometry of either 11 or 21, but coupling was the same for each amino acid tested (alanine, arginine and glutamine) within a batch of oocytes (i.e. from a single toad). Despite the net single positive charge on arginine, the magnitude of the net transmembrane charge movement during Na+-coupled arginine transport was identical to that for the zwitterionic neutral amino acids glutamine and alanine; this may be explained by a concomitant stimulation of K+ efflux during arginine transport with a putative coupling of 1 K+1 arginine. 相似文献
6.
F. Rothe G. Wolf 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1994,79(2):400-404
Summary The behaviour of enzymes putatively involved in glutamate/aspartate transmitter metabolism (glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase,-glutamyltranspeptidase) was studied in the striatum 3, 7, 14 days and 7 weeks after mechanical destruction of corticostriatal fibres. For a period of up to seven days after unilateral lesion, enzyme activities were significantly diminished (by up to 13% based on protein) in the ipsilateral striatum as compared to the striatum of the intact side. Later, the enzyme activities in the ipsilateral striatum recovered. After seven weeks, an increase was observed for glutamate dehydrogenase activity, whereas the activity of alanine aminotransferase showed a transient rise at the end of the second week. The decrease in enzyme levels is interpreted as being attributable to the destruction of nerve endings which are considered to be glutamatergic, interfering with various compensating processes (e.g. glial cell proliferation) which occur with advancing times after lesion. 相似文献
7.
血清丙氨酸转氨酶(aLanine aminotrarshrase)的活力测定.对于肝脏病诊断及病情观察均有一定意义。我们自1992年应用酶促反应动力学的有关理论,以酶联—紫外连续监测法(即速率法)测定丙氨酸转酶得到了满意的效果。该法具有快速、结果准确、重复性好等优点。是目前较理想的测定方法。现介绍如下。 相似文献
8.
目的:调查新生五项乙型肝炎病毒标志物(HBVM)及肝功能的结果,达到控制乙肝传染的目的。方法:选用四届入学新生1462份血清,采用酶联免疫吸咐法(ELISA)检测五项HBVM,应用改良赖氏法,检测了肝功能。结果:HBVM阳性组合例数709例,占48.50%,乙肝病毒抗原(HBsAg)阳性者149例,占10.88%。乙肝病毒抗体(HBsAb)阳性占302例,占20.66%。丙氨酸转氨酶(GPT)异常者53例,占3.63%。结论:新生乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染人数及HsAg携带者较多,对结果异常者应采取积极治疗和适当管理。HBsAb阳性率逐年增高,结果提示,注射乙肝疫苗是防止乙肝传染的重要措施。 相似文献
9.
Serum alanine aminotransferase activity in obese children 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Y Tazawa H Noguchi F Nishinomiya G Takada 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1997,86(3):238-241
To confirm the significance of the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test for the diagnosis of fatty liver and to clarify the relationship between serum ALT activity and the duration of obesity, we analysed 310 obese young schoolchildren (195M, 115F), who were classified into three duration groups (1–3 y, 4–6 y, 7+ y), three age groups (6–7 y, 8–9 y, 10–11 y), and four obesity groups (weight excess; mild, 20–29%: moderate, 30–39%; severe. 40–49%; very severe. 50%). Seventy-seven patients with abnormal ALT test, >30 IU/1, and 27 patients with normal ALT test were examined by ultrasound study to identify the fatty-fibrotic pattern of the liver. Abnormal results of the serum ALT test were found in 24% of all patients. The fatty-fibrotic pattern was identified in 64/77 (83%) patients with abnormal ALT test and in 5/27 (18%) patients with normal ALT test. The serum ALT test has a sensitivity of 0.92 for detecting the fatty-fibrotic pattern proven by ultrasound study Frequencies of cases with abnormal serum ALT levels increased with the duration of obesity. In the shortest duration group, however, the frequencies of abnormal results in serum ALT test did not increase with advanced ages or the grades of obesity. In conclusion, the present study confirmed the usefulness of the serum ALT test for screening fatty liver, and showed that a longer duration of obesity is generally associated with the occurrence of fatty liver in a paediatric obese population. In young patients with mild obesity or a short duration of obesity, however, fatty liver or fatty fibrosis may develop. Early intervention should be made in the case of obese children. 相似文献
10.
Flavia Bortolotti MD Massimo Resti MD Raffaella Giacchino MD Chiara Azzari MD Nadia Gussetti MD Carlo Crivellaro MD Cristiana Barbera MD Francesco Mannelli MD Lucia Zancan MD Adalberto Bertolini MD 《The Journal of pediatrics》1997,130(6):990-993
Objective: To evaluate the clinical, biochemical, and virologic features associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection acquired early in life from mothers with antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV).Study design: Multicenter prospective-retrospective study in Italian children.Patients: Two groups of children were investigated. Group 1 included 14 infants, born to mothers with anti-HCV but without human immunodeficiency virus infection, who became seropositive for HCV RNA during the first year of life and were thus considered infected. Group 2 included 16 children with chronic hepatitis C, aged 1
½ to 14 years, whose mothers were the unique potential source of infection. Both groups were followed for 12 to 48 months.Methods: Alanine transaminase (ALT), anti-HCV, and HCV RNA were investigated by the polymerase chain reaction on entry to the study and during follow-up.Results: All children in group 1 had anti-HCV throughout follow-up, and all had ALT abnormalities, ranging from 1.5 to 10.5 times the normal value during the first 12 months. During further follow-up, 5 of 10 children had HCV RNA with abnormal ALT values, 3 had a return to normal of the ALT values but continued to have viremia, and 2 eventually had normal ALT values and clearance of HCV RNA. Of the 16 children in group 2, all were free of symptoms and 62% had only slight ALT elevations; 7 who underwent liver biopsy had histologic features of minimal or moderate hepatitis.Conclusions: HCV infection acquired early in life from mothers with anti-HCV is usually associated with biochemical features of liver damage during the first 12 months of life. Progression to chronicity seems to occur in the majority of cases, although HCV-associated liver disease is likely to be mild throughout infancy and childhood. (J Pediatr 1997;130:990-3) 相似文献