Combined Effects of Exercise and Phytoanabolic Extracts in Castrated Male and Female Mice

Dry extracts from the Eurasian plants, Ajuga turkestanica, Eurycoma longifolia, and Urtica dioica have been used as anabolic supplements, despite the limited scientific data on these effects. To assess their actions on early sarcopenia signs, male and female castrated mice were supplemented with lyophilized extracts of the three plants, isolated or in association (named TLU), and submitted to resistance exercise. Ovariectomy (OVX) led to body weight increase and non-high-density cholesterol (HDL) cholesterol elevation, which had been restored by exercise plus U. dioica extract, or by exercise and TLU, respectively. Orchiectomy (ORX) caused skeletal muscle weight loss, accompanied by increased adiposity, being the latter parameter reduced by exercise plus E. longifolia or U. dioica extracts. General physical activity was improved by exercise plus herbal extracts in either OVX or ORX animals. Exercise combined with TLU improved resistance to fatigue in OVX animals, though A. turkestanica enhanced the grip strength in ORX mice. E. longifolia or TLU also reduced the ladder climbing time in ORX mice. Resistance exercise plus herbal extracts partly altered gastrocnemius fiber size frequencies in OVX or ORX mice. We provide novel data that tested ergogenic extracts, when combined with resistance exercise, improved early sarcopenia alterations in castrated male and female mice.     

金疮小草中新的neo-克罗烷的分离

目的：进一步研究金疮小草（又称白毛夏枯草）中的neo-克罗烷二萜.方法：采用硅胶柱层析对二萜化合物进行分离,利用NMR对结构进行鉴定.结果：从氯仿提取部位分离已知化合物金疮小草素A,C,D（Ajugacumbins A,C,D,1,2,3）,ajugamarin A1（4）和新的neo-克罗烷二萜：金疮小草素H（ajugacumbin H,5）.     

筋骨草显微鉴别的研究

目的：建立筋骨草的显微鉴别方法。方法：采用石蜡切片、表面制片及数码显微成像等技术,研究筋骨草根、根茎、茎、叶和花等部位的显微特征。结果：确立了筋骨草根、根茎、茎、叶、花等部位的显微鉴别特征。结论：实验建立的显微鉴别特征可作为筋骨草鉴别的参考依据。     

Effects of alkaloids from Corydalis decumbens on contraction and electrophysiology of cardiac myocytes

The chloroform extract of Corydalis decumbens significantly increased the beating amplitude of cultured myocardial cell sheets. Chemical analysis led to the isolation of isoquinoline and protopine alkaloids. Of these isolated alkaloids, corlumidine and (+)-adlumidine increased the beating amplitude, but (+)-egenine decreased the beating rate and beating amplitude while protopine did not show any activity. We also studied the effects of (+)-egenine and corlumidine on contractile responses and Ca²⁺ currents in single bullfrog atrial cells using the voltage-clamp method. (+)-Egenine inhibited Ca²⁺ current by 68% of the control in single cell of bullfrog atrium, while corlumidine increased Ca²⁺ current to 60% at a concentration of 0.03 mM.     

多花筋骨草的显微鉴定

目的:为准确鉴定药材,保证用药安全有效,并进一步制定多花筋骨草的质量标准及开发利用提供科学依据.方法:石蜡切片技术及数码显微成像技术.结果:明确了多花筋骨草根、根茎及叶的显微特征.结论:这些显微特征可作为多花筋骨草的鉴定及区别同科同属植物的依据.     

夏天无注射液的HPLC指纹图谱的研究

目的:研究建立夏天无注射液的指纹图谱。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法,使用 Diamonsil C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相 A:乙腈,流动相 B:三乙胺醋酸溶液(每1000 mL 水中加入冰醋酸30 mL,三乙胺8 mL),进行梯度洗脱,流速:1.0 mL·min~(-1),柱温:25℃,检测波长280 nm。结果:利用2004年 A 版《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统》计算软件,生成了夏天无注射液的对照图谱,共有10个特征峰,各峰的分离度较好,符合指纹图谱检测要求。结论:采用 HPLC 指纹图谱技术可以有效地控制夏天无注射液的质量。     

Further flavonol and iridoid glycosides from Ajuga remota aerial parts

Five new iridoid glycosides characterised as 6-keto-8-acetylharpagide (1), 6,7-dehydro-8-acetylharpagide (2), 7,8-dehydroharpagide (3), 8-acetylharpagide-6-O-β-glucoside (4), harpagide-6-O-β-glucoside (5) together with three flavonol glycosides, myricetin 3-O-rutinoside-4'-O-rutinoside (6), myricetin 3-O-rutinoside-3'-O-rutinoside (7) and isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-rutinoside-4'-O-β-glucoside (8) have been isolated from the aerial parts of Ajuga remota. Also isolated were two known compounds ajugarin IV and ajugarin V. Their structures were established using spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, FAB-MS, HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR techniques.     

Hypoglycaemic effect of the lyophilised aqueous extract of Ajuga iva in normal and streptozotocin diabetic rats

The purpose of this study was to examine the hypoglycaemic effect of the lyophilised aqueous extract of the whole plant of Ajuga iva (L.) Schreber (Labiatae) in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Single and repeated oral administration of the extract of Ajuga iva L (AI) at a dose of 10 mg/kg produced a slight and significant decrease in plasma glucose levels in normal rats 6 h after administration and after 3 weeks of treatment. AI reduced plasma glucose levels of streptozotocin diabetic rats from 337±9.3 to 102.2±17.7 mg/dl after 6 h of oral administration (P<0.001). Repeated oral administration of AI to streptozotocin diabetic rats significantly decreased the plasma glucose levels after 1 week of treatment (112±14.4 mg/dl at 1 week vs 337±9.3 mg/dl at the baseline values, (P<0.001). It continuously decreased thereafter and showed a rapid normalisation after 1 week of AI treatment. It is concluded that these results demonstrated that the water extract of the whole plant of AI possess a strong hypoglycaemic effect in diabetic rats, and support therefore, its traditional use in diabetes mellitus control.     

紫背金盘草中木犀草素的定性分析

目的：确定紫背金盘草中是否含有木犀草素,为紫背金盘草中活性成分的确定和药理作用的研究提供参考。方法：采用薄层色谱法和高效液相法。条件,色谱柱为KromasilC18（4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm）,流动相为甲醇-0.2%磷酸溶液（56∶44,pH3）;流速0.8 ml/min;进样量20μl;紫外检测波长254 nm;柱温25℃。结果：通过薄层色谱法和高效液相法可得出紫背金盘草中不含木犀草素。结论：木犀草素可能不是紫背金盘具有抑菌、抗感染、消肿止痛的活性成分。     

金疮小草化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的对金疮小草的化学成分进行研究。方法采用硅胶吸附柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、制备薄层色谱和半制备型高效液相色谱分离纯化,根据1H-NMR、13C-NMR等谱学数据进行结构鉴定。结果从金疮小草干燥全草的甲醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到15个单体化合物,分别鉴定为ajugacumbin A(1)、ajugacumbin B(2)、ajuganipponin B(3)、ajugamarin F4(4)、ajugarin I(5)、ajugamarin A1(6)、ajugamarin A1 chlorhydrin(7)、芹菜素(apigenin,8)、木犀草素(luteolin,9)、金合欢素(acacetin,10)、咖啡酸甲酯(methyl caffeate,11)、4-hydroxy-4-(3-oxo-1-butenyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one(12)、香草酸(vanillic acid,13)、黑麦草内酯(loliolide,14)和(10E,15Z)-9,12,13-trihydroxyoctadeca-10,15-dienoic acid(15)。结论其中化合物11和12为首次从筋骨草属中分离得到,化合物7和15为首次从金疮小草中分离得到。