直丝弓矫治器和Begg矫治器治疗安氏Ⅱ类1分类错[牙合]畸形疗效比较

目的:对比不同矫治器对错[牙合]畸形患者面高度及前后牙咬合关系的影响。方法:选取于笔者医院接受矫治的83例错[牙合]畸形患者,根据患者矫治器类型分为直丝弓组和Begg组,分别为42例和41例。比较并分析两组患者治疗前后牙咬合关系、硬组织、磨牙及面高度的变化情况。结果:矫治后,两组患者OJ-PPV、OB-PP、LMA-MPV、LMA-MPV均降低,Begg矫治组OJ-PPV水平显著高于直丝弓矫治组,OB-PP、LMA-MPV、LMA-MPV水平显著低于直丝弓矫治组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者LAFH、LAFH/TAFH、PFH/TAFH水平均升高,其中Begg矫治组患者LAFH水平显著低于直丝弓矫治组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者LMA-MP、LMC-MP水平均升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);矫治前后,两组患者SNA、SNA、ANB水平均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:两种矫治器对错[牙合]畸形患者硬组织变化均无明显影响,其中Begg矫治对患者前后牙咬合关系改善作用更强,直丝弓对患者面高度的改善能力更强。     

经尿道120 W绿激光前列腺汽化术治疗良性前列腺增生致膀胱出口梗阻临床观察

目的观察经尿道120 W绿激光前列腺汽化术(PVP)治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)致膀胱出口梗阻(BOO)的临床疗效。方法将2017年4月‐2018年3月该院治疗的114例BPH致BOO患者作为研究对象,将其应用随机数表法分为两组,均57例。对照组接受常规电切术治疗,观察组行经尿道120 W绿激光PVP治疗。观察两组手术前后残余尿量(RUV)、最大尿流率(Qmax)、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、生活质量及性功能等。结果术前两组IPSS评分、生活质量指数(QOL)评分及RUV、Qmax水平对比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术后观察组IPSS评分(5.46±2.10)分、QOL评分(1.28±0.72)分及RUV(21.12±2.39)ml水平低于对照组的(6.81±2.43)分、(2.34±0.98)分、(25.87±3.61)ml,观察组Qmax(24.13±3.81)ml/s水平高于对照组的(20.31±2.93)ml/s,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05);观察组异常射精率3.51%、阴茎勃起功能障碍发生率7.02%、射精疼痛发生率0.00%,低于对照组的14.04%、22.81%、12.28%,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论经尿道120 W绿激光PVP治疗BPH致BOO有助于改善患者梗阻症状,且对性功能影响轻微,利于提升患者生活质量。     

Cajal间质细胞在出口梗阻性便秘直肠肌壁中的表达相关研究

目的:观察出口梗阻性便秘(OOC)患者(OOC组)相对于混合痔患者(对照组)直肠肌壁的黏膜层、黏膜下层和肌层中Cajal间质细胞的异常变化,研究OOC患者疾病发生的病理生理机制。方法:通过改良TST法切除手术收集出口梗阻性便秘(OOC)患者及混合痔患者的梗阻段直肠黏膜及肌壁各36例,应用免疫组化标记物CD117标记Cajal间质细胞,然后人工计数和免疫组化分析软件观察CD117在患者黏膜层和黏膜下层中的表达有无异常改变。结果:出口梗阻性便秘患者直肠黏膜下层和肌层中CD117的表达数量较对照组减少(P<0.05)。出口梗阻性便秘患者直肠黏膜固有层中CD117的表达数量与对照组比较变化不大,甚至有所升高。结论:出口梗阻性便秘直肠黏膜下层及肌层中CD117的表达下调,这可能和Cajal间质细胞的分化障碍有关。     

探讨双重排粪造影对结肠功能性便秘的诊断价值

目的研究双重排粪造影方式应用在结肠功能性便秘诊断当中的效果。方法文章所选择的调查对象来自2017年10月-2018年12月,均为在此期间本院收治的60例经临床病理诊断确诊为结肠功能性便秘患者,分析双重排粪造影方式和排粪造影的符合性。结果采用双重排粪造影方式诊断结肠功能性便秘59例得到确诊,占98.33%,和排粪造影相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过双重排粪造影方式进行结肠功能性便秘诊断,可以有效的提升诊断的效率,对于具体症型的确认也具有重要意义。     

肛肠疾病手术前后肛管直肠压力测定的应用

目的:探讨肛肠疾病手术前后肛管直肠压力测定的应用。方法:将2018年5月-2019年5月在上海市松江区方塔中医医院及上海中医药大学附属曙光医院肛肠科行手术治疗的826例肛肠疾病患者作为研究对象,其中,选择性痔上黏膜吻合术246例、单纯外剥内扎术115例、外剥内扎结合内痔套扎术(Automatic Ligation of Hemorrhoids,RPH)153例、低位肛瘘切除术177例、高位肛瘘切开挂线术135例,分别于术前及术后1个月测定肛管直肠压力。结果:选择性痔上黏膜吻合术后直肠静息压、肛管静息压明显低于术前,肛管舒张压高于术前(P<0.05),但肛管最大收缩压与术前相比无明显差异(P>0.05);单纯外剥内扎术术后直肠静息压、肛管静息压明显低于术前,肛管舒张压、肛管最大收缩压明显高于术前(P<0.05);外剥内扎结合内痔套扎术术后直肠静息压、肛管静息压明显低于术前,肛管舒张压、肛管最大收缩压明显高于术前(P<0.05);低位肛瘘切除术术后直肠静息压、肛管静息压、肛管舒张压均高于术前(P<0.05),而肛管最大收缩压与术前相比无明显差异(P>0.05);高位肛瘘切开挂线术术后直肠静息压高于术前,肛管静息压、肛管舒张压低于术前(P<0.05),而与肛管最大收缩压术前相比无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:肛肠疾病手术前后肛管直肠压力测定的应用效果显著,能准确判断手术效果及患者恢复情况,为医师的进一步诊治奠定了良好基础。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿粘连程度及相关因素分析

Objective To investigate the relationship between degree of endometrioma adhesions and clinical feature, surgical treatment and postoperative recurrence. Methods From Jan 2003 to Mar 2008, 662 patients with endometrioma undergoing laparoscopic ovarian endometrioma excision in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were studied retrospectively. All patients were classified into four groups according to the extent of adhesions: 31 cases in none adhesions group, 123 cases in mild adhesions group (filmy thickness, avascular, easily separated adhesions), 310 cases in moderate adhesions group (less than a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness adhesions which was difficult to separate, or above a half of ovary were adjacent to filmy thickness adhesions) and 198 cases in severe adhesions group (above a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness, well vascularized adhesions which was difficult to separate, and always involved the other pelvic organs, observed angiogenesis). The comparison of degree, characteristics, period of pain, lab test, surgical management and postoperative recurrence was performed among those above groups. In the mean time, risk factors and multinomial logistic regression were analyzed. Results (1)Clinical characteristics: The incidence of patients with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, straining feeling in anus, chronic pelvic pain and the level of CA125 (>35 kU/L) was remarkably higher in moderate-to-severe adhesion groups than in none-to-mild adhesions groups (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.006 and 0.000, respectively). Infertility rate were significantly higher in severe adhesions group(15.7%,31/198) than none adhesions group(3.2%,1/31), mild adhesions group(11.4%,14/123) and moderate adhesions group(9.7%,30/310, OR=1.728, P<0.05).(2)Operating time and blood loss: Operating time of each groups was as followed: (37±15) min in none adhesions group, (42±19) min in mild adhesions group, (50±20) min in moderate adhesions group and (63±22) min in severe adhesion group. Blood loss was (23±12) ml in none adhesion group, (31±27) ml in mild adhesion group, (40±32) ml in moderate adhesion group and (70±67) ml in severe adhesions group. Thicker adhesions result in longer operation time and more blood loss. (3)Combined with other disease: The ratio of patients who combined with adenomyosis or deeply infiltrating endometriosis in moderate-to-severer adhesion groups was higher than patients in none-to-mild adhesions groups (OR=3.466, P=0.000). (4) Postoperative recurrence: It was categorized into recurrence of pain and cyst. Moderate-to-severe adhesions was related to higher recurrence rate of pain (OR=1.685,P=0.046), but was irrelevant to recurrence of cyst. Conclusion The more extent of endometrioma adhesions was related to severer pelvic pain symptoms, longer operating time and more blood loss. Postoperative pain recurrence rate was observed in moderate-to-severe adhesion group. Extent of adhesions was irrelevant to cyst recurrence.     

软骨发育不全1例的影像诊断

孕妇27岁。孕8个月，行常规超声检查发现：胎儿臀位，胎头双顶径8．7cm，颅骨光滑完整，脊柱排列整齐，胸部扁平，腹部膨隆．网肢短小；测股骨长约2．1cm，肱骨长约2．0cm，胫骨长约1.6cm，羊水最深处约14cm。其双顶径相当于孕35周，股骨长仅相当于孕17周，二者明显不成比例。超声诊断：宫内单活胎，胎儿四肢发育短小畸形，羊水名．     

骨盆直肠间隙脓肿致直肠穿孔1例

患者男,54岁,肛周肿痛12d,加重伴发热、肛门坠胀、排便困难3d入院。查体:T:39.20℃,P110次/min,截石位肛周红肿明显,以右侧为甚,触痛,肤温较高,无明显波动感,肛口稍变形,向左侧偏移,指检见有大量脓性分泌物自肛内流出,扪及610点位直肠内巨大包块,触痛明显,有波动感,加压时见有脓液溢出,肛门括约功能差。急查血常规:WBCl8.6X109/L,NEUT0.892。诊断为:肛周脓肿。当日在腰俞穴麻醉下行一期切开引流术,术中消毒肛内时见大量金黄色脓液流出,9点位肛周5cm处切口,可见大量脓液,右食指探入深约8cm处直肠右壁一溃口,左食指自切口探入与肛内相通,…