脑血管病变对行为变异型额颞叶痴呆的影响

目的探讨合并脑血管病变的行为变异型额颞叶痴呆(bv FTD)患者的临床特点,为疾病的早期诊断和干预提供科学依据。方法选择2012年6月至2015年5月我院收治的bv FTD患者186例,根据是否存在脑血管损害分为脑血管病变组(BV组)和无脑血管病变组(NBV组),比较分析临床资料和神经心理评分。结果 BV组发病年龄和高血压发病率较NBV组更高,被诊断为路易体痴呆概率更大,大梗死、中梗死、小梗死、腔隙性梗死发生率更高,神经精神量表和额叶行为量表评分均较NBV组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 bv FTD的诊断可结合临床特征及神经心理评分的差异性,避免对脑血管病变bv FTD患者的误诊。     

15例颞叶低级别胶质瘤切除术后的观察护理

目的探讨颞叶低级别胶质瘤切除术后病人的护理。方法对15例颞叶低级别胶质瘤术后护理总结,通过严密监测生命体征及观察瞳孔、意识变化,早期发现病情变化,加强呼吸道及伤口引流管的护理,观察肢体活动、头痛程度、抽搐等情况,并进行预防及处理,特别强调做好心理、基础护理。结果15例颞叶低级别胶质瘤术后患者中9例出现近期记忆功能障碍,3例同侧听力障碍,3例继发癫痫,其余均恢复良好。结论对颞叶低级别胶质瘤切除术后患者给予周密、细致、恰当的护理,可降低并发症和病死率,提高生活质量,促进疾病康复。     

天幕切开内减压脑疝复位的临床应用分析

目的探讨天幕切开脑疝复位手术在重型颅脑损伤颞叶钩回疝患者中的应用。方法在开颅清除幕上血肿的同时,切开天幕裂孔松解疝环,使颞叶钩回复位。结果本组18例随访6个月至2年,死亡2例,植物生存2例,中残4例,恢复生活自理10例。结论对重型和特重型颅脑损伤合并天幕裂孔疝的患者,积极的进行天幕裂孔切开脑疝复位,会进一步降低此类病人的病残率和死亡率,提高颅脑损伤的救治水平。     

颞叶癫痫的MRI研究

本文对２８例颞叶癫痫的ＭＲＩ进行了研究。结果显示：１５例（５４％）出现颞叶变小，１２例（４３％）海马萎缩，１１例（３９％）颞叶ＭＲＩＴ２像有局灶高信号，９例（３２％）颞角扩大。共１８例（６４％）具有ＭＲＩ异常改变，其中１６例（８９％）与ＥＥＧ癫痫灶在同侧。本文还发现有早期儿童高热惊厥史患者的海马萎缩发生多。     

颞叶癫痫手术时的皮质脑电描记

提要报告1980年10月至1992年6月间,在皮质脑电描记下手术治疗颞叶癫痫55例,前颞叶切除50例,杏仁核、海马切除5例。皮质脑电描记结果说明,颞叶癫痫的痫灶绝大多数来源于颞叶外侧皮质和颞叶内侧结构。术中皮质脑电描记可提供痫灶的精确部位和范围。     

女性越肥胖智力越低

瑞典一项长期性医学研究报告指出，女性肥胖现象不容忽视，那些体重超出正常范围之内的女性，其智力会表现得不尽人意。     

胎儿及成人大脑皮质颞叶突触超微结构的形态学观察与分析

目的：观察胎儿及成人大脑皮质颞叶突触的超微结构并进行统计学分析。方法：经常规生物样本制备方法制成切片常规电子染色，H600电镜下观察突触超微结构。结果与结论：突触的数量、类型、形态随胎龄的增加有明显的变化，并与成人比较有显著性差异。     

蝶骨电极脑电图在颞叶癫痫中的诊断价值

目的 探讨蝶骨电极脑电图在颞叶癫痫中的诊断价值.方法 对306例临床诊断为颞叶癫痫的患者于发作间期行常规电极脑电图及蝶骨电极脑电图检查,分别对其痫样放电的检出率进行分析.结果 蝶骨电极脑电图能明显提高颞叶癫痫患者痫样放电检出率,为80.4%(246/306),与常规电极脑电图的60.8%(186/306)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).此外发现常规电极脑电图描记时以耳垂为参考电极的导联中176例可见一侧或双侧正相尖(棘)波,而在蝶骨电极脑电图均记录到明显的痫样放电.结论 蝶骨电极脑电图对颞叶癫痫的诊断、定侧定位具有重要价值,对疑有颞叶癫痫的患者应列为常规描记方法.     

匹罗卡品致(癎)大鼠海马中表达生长抑素的中间神经元数目变化及其轴突出芽

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.