微创治疗方法在输尿管上段结石中应用进展

输尿管上段结石为临床中常见泌尿系结石类型之一,如不能及时诊治,可引起重度积水、泌尿系感染,甚至脓毒血症,对患者肾功能、健康造成严重影响。随着微创治疗技术在泌尿系结石中应用,微创治疗方法能降低对患者造成治疗性创伤,降低相关并发症发生率,促进患者康复,了解临床中微创治疗输尿管上段结石方法,对临床中合理治疗输尿管上段结石有重要价值。     

小儿输尿管开口异位的诊断和治疗(附22例报告)

目的 提高小儿输尿管开口异位的诊治效果。方法 总结22例输尿管开口异位患儿临床资料。男1例，女21例。年龄1个月～12岁，平均4岁。单侧17例，双侧5例。21例女童中，有正常分次排尿伴异常漏尿18例，完全持续性漏尿3例；1例男童有上尿路梗阻及泌尿系感染。异位开口于阴道14例、尿道4例、前庭3例、膀胱颈1例。结果 手术治疗20例，其中肾切除者11例、半肾切除者7例，术后漏尿症状消失，3例合并输尿管残端综合征；1例双输尿管膀胱再植术后仍有尿失禁；1例直肠化膀胱术无漏尿症状。结论 明确诊断，选择合理手术是小儿异位输尿管口治疗成功的关键。     

输尿管梗阻合并急性肾盂肾炎的治疗(附12例临床报导)

目的:探讨输尿管梗阻合并急性肾盂肾炎的治疗方案。方法:对12例由于不同原因引起输尿管梗阻合并急性肾盂肾炎的患者,根据不同情况给予置管引流,置管碎石,肾盂穿刺引流,加有效的抗生素治疗。结果:12例输尿管梗阻合并急性肾盂肾炎患者感染得到有效的控制,为后续治疗提供保障。结论:及时置管引流或尿流改道解除梗阻加有效的抗生素治疗是治疗输尿管梗阻合并急性肾盂肾炎的有效方案。     

Lower mesodermal defects: A common cause of fetal and early neonatal death

Among the first 1,130 referrals to the Wisconsin Stillbirth Service Program 17 infants have been recognized to share phenotypic characteristics involving the genital, urinary, lower gastrointestinal, and axial skeletal systems. The pattern of abnormalities identified appears to be limited to structures sharing a common embryologic origin. These features, for the most part, are shown to be non-randomly associated. No clearly definable sub-groups within this population are demonstrable. The pattern of abnormalities is defined to include abnormalities of the following structures as pathogenetically primary features: lumbosacral vertebrae, kidneys, ureters, uterus/fallopian tubes, vagina, bladder, urethra, adrenals, gonads, anorectum, external genitalia, and umbilical arteries. An embryologic mechanism is proposed which explains this non-random association as arising secondary to disruption of structures derived from the lower portion of the primitive intra-embryonic mesoderm. The Lower Mesodermal Defects Sequence appears to be a rather common (and under-recognized) cause of stillbirth and immediate neonatal death. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Effect of an increased calcium ion concentration on electrical and contractile activity of the smooth muscles of the guinea pig ureter

Smooth muscle cells of the guinea pig ureter were studied by the double sucrose gap method. An increase in the calcium ion concentration in the Ringer-Locke solution to 22 mM led to hyperpolarization and to a slight increase in the resistance of the membrane. The amplitude of the first spike potential and the height of the plateau were lowered but the amplitude of the oscillations was increased. In sodium-free Ringer-Locke solution, when the action potential in the smooth muscle cells of the ureter was converted into a simple spike potential, a marked increase in amplitude of the action potential was observed with an increase in the calcium ion concentration.Department of Neuromuscular Physiology, A. A. Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, Kiev. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. N. Gorev.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 5, pp. 522–526, May, 1977.