骨髓腔静脉造影在特发性股骨头坏死诊断中的应用

本文介绍17例（34髋）特发性股骨头坏死、4例（4髋）正常人骨髓腔静脉造影所见。发现25髋有异常改变,并经病理证实。作者认为:①骨干返流;②2支或2支以上静脉不显影;③多条静脉明显变细;④干骺端瘀积是股骨头坏死的造影表现,前二者是可靠的诊断依据。造影结果提示髓腔静脉造影是一种安全而敏感的诊断技术。     

综合改良法下肢深静脉造影的临床应用

目的通过比较分析常规法与综合改良法在下肢深静脉造影中的显示率,分析常规法下肢深静脉造影时显影不良的原因,探讨综合改良法下肢深静脉造影的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析了71例常规法下肢深静脉造影结果深静脉显影不良的原因。对47例患者采用了综合改良法下肢深静脉造影。对比分析常规法与综合改良法下肢深静脉造影的深静脉显示率。结果造影结果显示,常规单纯束扎法进行顺行造影中,深静脉显示率为60.76%;髂静脉图像优质率为37.97%;在综合改良法顺行造影中,深静脉显示率为86%,髂静脉图像优质率为64%;两种方法造影结果经统计学分析有显著性差异(p<0.05)。结论综合多种改良法行下肢顺行静脉造影,有助于下肢深静脉显示。     

Topographic measurement of the superior vermian vein by lateral vertebral phlebography

Summary The position of the superior vermian vein (SVV) has been defined by means of an easily constructed triangular system with two fixed points and by determination of quotients of measured lengths or angles. 100 normal lateral vertebral phlebograms with well outlined SVV and accurate projection were thoroughly measured and calculated. Since SVV was found to occupy a constant position in the reference system used, certain quotients and angles might be suitable for diagnosis.     

山莨菪碱在50例静脉肾盂造影中的应用价值

本文将50例使用654-2的静脉肾盂造影(即低张法IVP)同对照组进行比较,探讨654-2对静脉肾盂造影的影响。结果表明654-2在IVP中有较高的使用价值,该药能明显提高IVP质量,并能大大减少或减轻造影剂副反应。另外,本文也初步分析了654-2对造影剂的其他副反应的影响。我们认为低张法IVP较头低足高位法和传统的压迫法的IVP优越。     

氟烷声学造影剂增强原发性肝癌彩色血流信号的观察

目的:探讨原发性肝癌经静脉声学造影增强后的彩色多普勒表现。方法:36例肝癌行经静脉声学造影检查,对比观察造影前、后瘤结节内及边缘彩色血流变化。结果:造影增强后,肿块区域彩色血流信号显著增多,彩色血流信号检出率由造影前的83%升高到100%。增强效果:Ⅰ级,16例;Ⅱ级,20例。肿块内彩色血流信号呈粗点状、条状、树枝状及片状等多种形态,有搏动征。动态观察,肿块区域早于周围肝组织2～4s显影,整个过程持续250～300s,平均269±17.2s。结论:经静脉声学造影可获得更为丰富血流信息,将有助于肝癌准确诊断。     

下肢深静脉造影的X线影像分析

目的:分析下肢深静脉造影的X线影像表现,评价其对临床的应用价值。材料与方法:对205例(235条肢体)全部采用下肢深静脉顺行造影,用X线数字摄影检查。结果:X线影像显示,原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全122条(51.9%),深静脉血栓形成及其后遗症57条(24.2%),单纯性下肢浅静脉功能不全47条(20%),先天性静脉发育异常和静脉瘤样病变9条(3.8%)。结论:下肢深静脉顺行造影在X线数字影像中能完整地记录静脉显示过程,同时能较清晰地显示下肢静脉病变位置和范围。     

经皮腘静脉穿刺插管造影检测下肢深静脉瓣膜功能

采用经皮腘静脉插管造影检测下肢深静脉瓣膜功能。共检测28例30条肢体,见27条存有瓣膜,3条无瓣膜(血栓后遗症)。根据Kistner分类法,结果:27条中,4条肢体为1级;7条肢体为2级;13条肢体为3级;3条肢体为4级。本检测方法能检测到下肢深静脉瓣膜功能及了解瓣膜损坏程度和病变部位,为选择下肢深静脉重建手术提供了客观依据。     

Recurrent Tolosa-Hunt syndrome

Twenty consecutive patients with recurrent Tolosa-Hunt syndrome were studied. One had a parent who suffered from recurrent Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. Thirty-three percent of the patients had also recurrent periods of weeks to months of unilateral periorbital pain without ophthalmoplegia. One patient had cluster headache before the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome started. Some patients had involvement of cranial nerves outside the cavernous sinus region during Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and also between episodes. The same systemic symptoms, i.e. back pain, cold feet, arthralgia, gut problems, varices, vertigo, chronic fatigue, thrombophlebitis, memory deficiency and signs of inflammation in serum, occurred in Tolosa-Hunt syndrome as earlier found in patients with orbital venous vasculitis. Seventy-three percent of the patients had pathologic orbital phlebograms. All patients treated with steroids reacted promptly; four who developed chronic pain syndromes were treated satisfactorily with azathioprine.     

Ursachen der postoperativ fortbestehenden Varikocele

Es wird über 18 Patienten berichtet, bei denen nach ein- oder mehrmaliger Ligatur der Vena spermatica interna eine Varikocele fortbestand. Von 519 in den letzten 12 Jahren in der Urologischen Univ.-Klinik Hamburg nach Bernardi Operierten, persistierte die Varikocele bei 5 Patienten. Die preoperative Phlebografie zeigt als Ursache des "Rezidivs" einen übersehenen Seitenast bzw. Kollateralen und ist durch bessere Schnittplanung dem intraoperativen Phlebogramm vorzuziehen. Kollateralen der Vena spermatica interna bestanden zur V. iliaca, zur Vena femoralis, zu den paravertebralen und praesacralen Venengeflechten sowie zwischen beiden Plexus pampiniformes.