当归多糖及其中性组分对巨噬细胞分泌TNF-α的影响

目的 :观察当归多糖 (ASP)及其中性组分 (ASP 1)在体内外对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞 (MФ)分泌TNF α的影响。方法 :直接制取小鼠腹腔MФ ,与ASP及ASP 1共同培养 16h ;ASP及ASP 112 5、2 5 0mg kg经口灌胃给药 7d ,于第 7d制取MФ ,体外培养 16h ,分别观察ASP及ASP 1在体外均可显著增强MФ对TNF α的分泌。ASP及ASP 1体内给药无直接诱导MФ分泌TNF α的功能。结论 :ASP及ASP 1在体内外均可增强小鼠腹腔MФ分泌TNF α的功能。     

党参多糖介导Nrf2通路对缺氧缺血性脑损伤的抗氧化和神经保护作用

目的　研究党参多糖对缺氧缺血性脑损伤的抗氧化和神经保护作用及其机制。 方法　采用Rice法建立HIBI模型。假手术组和模型组灌胃给予生理盐水，模型加药组灌胃给予党参多糖。分别进行神经功能学评分，观察脑积水量，脑组织病理学改变，神经元细胞凋亡情况，脑组织脂质过氧化物水平，抗氧化和神经保护相关蛋白表达水平。 结果　党参多糖能显著改善模型大鼠神经功能、脑水肿（P<0.01）和病理改变，降低细胞凋亡率（P<0.01）和Bax表达（P<0.01），降低LDH和MDA含量（P<0.01）；同时，上调Bcl-2表达（P<0.01）和SOD活性（P<0.01），增加bFGF、BDNF、PSD95、SYP、Nrf2和HO-1表达（P<0.01）。 结论　党参多糖对缺氧缺血性脑损伤具有抗氧化和神经保护作用，可能与介导Nrf2信号通路相关。     

Anticoagulant Activity of Fucoidan from Brown Algae Fucus evanescens of the Okhotsk Sea

In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that anticoagulant activity of sulfated polysaccharide from Fucus evanescens (brown algae of the Okhotsk Sea) was similar to that of heparin. Anticoagulant properties of fucoidan are determined by thrombin inhibition mediated via plasma antithrombin III.     

After chemotherapy,functional humoral response capacity is restored before complete restoration of lymphoid compartments

Chemotherapy has, besides the beneficial effects, several adverse effects. Suppression of the immune system is one of the most important problems. Infections caused by encapsulated bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae are responsible for a major part of infectious problems during and after treatment. The splenic marginal zone is essential in the initiation of an immune response to encapsulated bacteria. In this study, we analysed the effects of three different cytostatic agents on humoral immune responses. We found a reduced, but detectable immune response capacity at two days after treatment although the marginal zone B cell population is severely reduced at this time point. Twenty-four days after cessation of treatment, the immune response capacity was largely restored although lymphoid compartments were still not completely restored at that time point. Apparently, the presence of only few marginal zone B cells is sufficient to evoke a rise in antibody titres and although antibody titre increases are low, even small rises are most likely clinically relevant.     

七种中药小分子物质对淋巴细胞杀伤活性的影响

用透析的方法从枸杞、槐籽、五谷虫（家蝇幼虫）、三七、小牛胸腺、白芍、茯苓，七种中药中获得小分子物质（分子量小于１２０００），系统地研究这些中药提取物对小鼠脾细胞杀伤活性的影响。结果发现枸杞、槐籽、五谷虫的透析外液不同程度地增强小鼠脾细胞杀伤活性。枸杞外液能抑制小鼠体内Ｓ１８０的生长；手术后乳腺癌病人使用枸杞小分子注射液，其外周血淋巴细胞的杀伤活性明显高于对照组。研究表明枸杞小分子成分经加热处理后，其有效性消失。     

Neutral Polymeric Surfactants Derived from Dextran: A Study of Their Aqueous Solution Behavior

Summary: Amphiphilic polysaccharides are obtained by hydrophobic modification of a neutral bacterial polysaccharide, dextran. By reacting the polysaccharide with aliphatic epoxides (epoxyoctane and epoxydodecane) in dimethyl sulfoxide, a series of amphiphilic polymers is obtained which covers a large range of structural parameters (length of the polysaccharide, number and nature of hydrocarbon moieties). The solution behavior of dextran derivatives is first characterized by viscometric measurements in dilute and semi‐dilute domains. The effects of molecular parameters on polymer viscosity behavior are evidenced and discussed. Information on the state of aggregation of polymers is obtained by the use of static and dynamic light scattering. The presence of aggregates in the dilute domain is clearly evidenced and their structural characteristics are estimated (size, molecular weight and number of aggregation). The aggregates are shown to account for the viscometric results in the examined concentration range, relating their chemical parameters (hydrodynamic radius and molecular weight) to the macroscopic behavior of the solutions.

     

太子参化学成分、药理作用和应用的研究进展

太子参Pseudostellariae Radix是中国传统补益中药材之一,兼具药用和食疗功效,主要含有挥发油、多糖、环肽、生物碱、皂苷、酚类等成分,具有降血糖、抗炎、抗癌、保护细胞、抑制酪氨酸酶、免疫调节等药理作用。对太子参的化学成分及其药理作用,以及太子参在临床、食疗、保健食品、化妆品、兽药制剂和功能性饲料添加剂等方面应用进行总结,为太子参进一步开发利用提供依据。     

黄芪多糖提取工艺、化学结构及药理作用的研究进展

黄芪多糖（Astragalus polysaccharides,APS）是黄芪的重要活性成分之一,随着黄芪在临床上的使用越来越广泛,学者对APS的提取工艺、化学结构及药理作用的研究也愈来愈深入。不同的提取工艺对APS的含量和纯度均会产生不同程度的影响,进而对其药理作用的发挥也会有所影响。APS具有调节免疫、抗肿瘤、降血糖、抗衰老和抗炎等药理作用。在全面查阅并梳理文献资料的基础上,对APS的提取工艺、化学结构及药理作用进行综述,并对APS的研究前景进行展望,以期对APS的进一步开发利用和研究提供有效的理论支持。     

枸杞明目前囊安全性研究

目的：研究枸杞明目胶囊的安全性。方法：小鼠急毒性试验及大鼠长期毒性试验。结果：小鼠急性毒性LD50大于90．0ml/(kg.bw)。大鼠30天喂养试验,未见动物出现行为,体重,血象,肝,肾功能等的毒性变化,组织切片也未见各组之间,两种性别之间脏器结构有明显差异。结论：枸杞明目胶囊长期服用安全无毒。     

枸杞多糖对密闭缺氧条件下小鼠心,肝,血SOD活性,MDA含量的影响

目的：探索枸杞多糖（ＬＢＰ）是否有抗脂质过氧化作用。方法：建立密闭缺氧的急性缺氧模式,采用ＮＢＴ测定ＳＯＤ活性、ＴＢＡ测定ＭＤＡ含量。结果：实验组与对照组织ＭＤＡ含量有显著性差别,其余组织ＳＯＤ、ＭＤＡ虽无显著性差异,但实验组均有ＳＯＤ活性升高,ＭＤＡ含是下降的趋势。结论：ＬＢＰ具有抗脂质过氧化作用的倾向。