Psychosocial mechanisms of a behavioral treatment for urinary incontinence of prostate cancer survivors

Abstract

Purpose: We examined underlying psychosocial processes of a behavioral treatment for urinary incontinence (UI) of prostate cancer survivors.

Design: Secondary analysis of data collected from a clinical trial.

Sample: Two hundred forty-four prostate cancer survivors who participated in a clinical trial of behavioral intervention to UI as intervention or control subjects.

Methods: The participants had a 3-month behavioral intervention or usual care and were followed up for an additional 3?months. They were assessed at baseline, 3, and 6?months. Latent growth curve models were performed to examine trajectories of each study variable and relationships among the variables.

Findings: Increasing self-efficacy and social support were significantly and independently associated with more reduction of urinary leakage frequency over time.

Implications for psychosocial oncology: Providing problem-solving skills and social support, including peer support, are essential for empowering patients to reduce UI.     

Effects of mailed preoperative instructions on learning and anxiety

This study sought to contrast mailing a booklet to accomplish preoperative instruction with teaching performed by nurses after hospital admission. Sixty-six patients were studied in a 700-bed medical center and were assigned to three teaching groups and a control group which did not receive teaching. The researcher compared the four groups preoperatively after admission to determine the patients' knowledge and ability to perform surgical exercises, as well as their anxiety levels.

Findings were that patients who received a booklet by mail preadmission learned surgical exercises equally well compared to patients taught postadmission, and mastered significantly more exercise behaviors than those receiving no instruction. No statistical difference in anxiety level was found among groups. One may infer that mailing preadmission material should be considered as an effective teaching mode and alternative to postadmission instruction.     

Special issue: Group treatment after child and adolescent sexual abuse: Introduction

This introduction traces the increasing awareness of the prevalence of child sexual abuse over the last 20 years, examines the nature and consequences of such abuse and summarizes current information on the use of group treatment and its evaluation with sexually abused children and adolescents and their parents. Four examples of group treatment with different populations of abused children are described in this issue.     

情景模拟演练在儿科急诊新护士带教中的应用效果研究

目的研究在儿科急诊对新护士展开临床带教中,使用情景模拟演练教学法的实际应用效果。方法选择该院于2018年5月—2019年5月期间于该院儿科急诊中入岗新护士共计70名,设为该次实验对象。设立常规组与实验组后,将其平均分成两组并分别纳入作为对应组观察患者。其中常规组(2018年5—12月期间)的35名实习护士沿用传统带教模式展开教学,实验组(2019年1—5月期间)的35名实习护士沿用情景模拟演练模式展开教学。在两组同时期下收集各100例临床患者,在带教周期一月期间为其提供护理工作评价。并对其护士进科前后综合能力考评情况、护理技术考核成绩、护士带教护理满意度、患者满意度评价进行统计。结果进科前,两组对象综合能力考评能力于组间对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。进科后,实验组新护士综合能力考评成绩相比常规组更高,同时实验组护士的儿科护士护理技术考核明显优于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相比较常规组,实验组新护士对带教满意度明显更高,同时对应组患者对护理工作的满意性更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论给予儿科急诊中入岗新护士情境教学法,对培养其岗前护理技能操作技能效率较高,同时能改变其患者护理满意性,加强新上岗护士综合能力,拉近护患之间关系,是较好的临床带教方法。     

膝胸卧位红光照射联合肛提运动对产后痔急性发作的疗效

目的 探讨膝胸卧位红光照射联合肛提运动对产后痔急性发作的改善效果.方法 将68例经阴道分娩并发产后痔急性发作的产妇按入院时间分为对照组36例、观察组32例.两组产妇产后给予相同的产褥期知识宣教、母婴护理指导等常规护理措施,在此基础上,对照组采用屈膝侧卧位配合红光照射,观察组给予膝胸卧位红光照射联合肛提运动.观察两组产后24 h和产后5d痔疼痛程度、肛周水肿程度、治疗效果、治疗过程舒适度.结果 干预后两组疼痛评分、肛周水肿程度、治疗效果比较,差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.01);两组治疗过程舒适程度差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 产后痔急性发作的产妇应用膝胸卧位红光照射配合肛提运动能有效减轻产妇疼痛及肛周水肿程度,治疗效果较好.     

运动疲劳前后人体外周静脉血中性粒细胞变形性研究

本文用微吸管吸吮技术检测人疲劳运动前后中性粒细胞表面进入微吸管内的距离Ｄ（ｔ）有明显差异。提示疲劳运动会降低人中性粒细胞的变形能力,影响其与变形有关的细胞吞噬功能。     

“呬”字诀呼吸操对稳定期 COPD 患者生存质量的影响

目的：探讨“呬”字诀对稳定期COPD患者生存质量的影响。方法选取稳定期COPD患者63例,随机分为试验组（31例）和对照组（32例）,试验组在常规治疗和护理基础上进行3个月“呬”字诀呼吸操训练,对照组仅进行常规治疗和护理。待训练结束后,采用吸系统疾病特异性生存质量量表（ SGRQ）、医疗资源利用情况（住院次数、住院时间、访问急诊次数）等指标对两组患者的生存质量进行评价。结果经过3个月干预后,试验组SGRQ总分、活动领域、影响领域三者得分明显低于对照组（ P＜0.01）;住院次数、住院天数显著少于对照组患者（P＜0.01）。结论“呬”字诀简单易行,且能有效减少稳定期COPD患者住院次数、缩短住院时间,从而提高其生存质量,值得在临床、社区康复工作中推广、应用。     

情景式引导联合针对性健康教育在永久性起搏器植入术后患者功能锻炼中的应用观察

目的:分析永久性起搏器植入手术患者采用情景式引导以及针对性健康教育对患者功能锻炼的影响.方法:选择在某院进行永久性起搏器植入手术治疗的74例患者为研究对象,其治疗时间均在2018年11月～2019年11月之间,采取随机数字排列表法将其分为常规组和实验组各37例.常规组患者实施基础健康教育指导,实验组患者实施情景式引导以...