乙肝病毒标志物阳性肺结核患者抗结核治疗肝功能损害的观察

目的 :观察抗结核药物对HBV M阳性肺结核患者肝功能的影响。方法 :比较HBV M阳性和阴性肺结核患者抗结核治疗肝功能损害的情况。结果 :HBV M阳性患者肝损率比阴性者明显增高。结论 :抗结核药物致肝损害 ,HBV M阳性者比阴性者多 ,可能与用药前肝脏病理损害严重有关。应选用肝损害小的药物并积极采取综合措施进行防范     

TI方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的评估紫杉醇(paclitaxel, TAX)与异环磷酰胺(ifosfomide,IFO)组成的TI方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效和毒性反应.方法 17例Ⅲ～Ⅳ期NSCLC患者,均经病理组织学和(或)细胞学确诊.治疗剂量:TAX 135～150 mg/m2,静滴第1天;IFO 1.2 g/m2,静滴第1～5天,21或28 d为1个周期,2～3个周期为1疗程.结果 17例患者中,CR 1例,PR 7例,有效率47.1%(8/17).其中鳞癌和腺癌有效率分别为50.0%(4/8)和42.9%(4/7),临床疗效差异无显著性(P>0.05).中位缓解期9.1个月,中位生存期10.8个月,1年生存率47.1% (8/17).最明显的毒副反应为骨髓抑制、肌肉关节疼痛、脱发等.结论 TI方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌有效率较高,生存期较长,可作为一线治疗方案,但应注意其血液学毒性.     

缓释渗透增敏化疗加放疗综合治疗食管癌50例

目的:探讨缓释渗透增敏化疗加放疗综合治疗食管癌的疗效.方法:采取食管缓释渗疗器局部缓释渗疗同时配合X线常规放疗50例食管癌,另50例行单纯常规分割X线外照射作为同期对照研究;观察近期疗效及1,3,5a生存率.结果:缓释渗透治疗组与单纯放疗组的完全缓解(CR),部分缓解(PR),CR PR,无变化(NC),肿瘤进展(PD)分别为:55.1%,10%;40.8%,60%;95.9%,70%;0,20%;4.8%,10%.缓释渗透治疗组的CR,CR PR,PR与单纯放疗组相比有显著性差异(P<0.01或P<0.05).生存情况:缓释渗透治疗组与单纯放疗组1a生存率为73.46%,52%(P<0.05);3a生存率为40.8%,28%(P>0.05);5a生存率为16.3%,0(P<0.005).结论:食管缓释渗疗器局部缓释渗疗配合常规分割放疗综合治疗食管癌,有显著的近期疗效;同时改善了患者的生存率.     

112例鼻咽癌不同治疗方法的前瞻性研究

本文报告我院1985年4月～9月收治的鼻咽癌患者112例．均为低分化鳞癌。随机分为综合组（放疗加化疗）和单纯放疗组，病例各56例．结果：鼻咽部和颈部肿块缩小情况．放疗剂量综合组达1906．09±1024.90cGy．肿瘤开始缩小．放疗剂量达5107．42±1825.99cGy时肿瘤开始消失．与单放组比较有差别（p＜0.05），完全缓解率：综合组为75％、单放组57.14％（p＜0.05）。5、10年生存率综合组分别为46.4％和14.3％．单放组为35.7％和10.7％，（p＜0.05）。复发或远处转移比较．综合组为39．3％.单放组为51.8％（p＞0.05）。资料提示；小剂量SHP在鼻咽癌治疗中起着一定的增敏或协同作用，对提高鼻咽癌生存率，减低复发和转移率有一定作用。     

针灸配合上田法在小儿痉挛型脑性瘫痪治疗中的应用

目的探索针灸配合上田法在小儿痉挛型脑性瘫痪治疗中的作用。方法67例痉挛型脑瘫患儿随机分为两组,观察组41例,运用针灸及上田法治疗;对照组26例,采用上田法进行治疗,效果应用马若飞标准评定。结果经90d治疗,两组总有效率分别为95.12%和73.08%,观察组明显高于对照组(χ2=4.89,P<0.05),且两组治疗后综合评估分值对比差异有显著性(t=2.15,P<0.05)。结论针灸与上田法结合治疗小儿痉挛型脑瘫,能有效提高治疗效果。     

Rb基因增强HSV-TK/GCV系统"旁观者效应"的机制研究

目的：探讨Rb和HSV－TK基因共转染增强HSV－TK／GCV系统“旁观者效应”的可能性及其机制。方法：构建含长度为1．65kb Rb基因的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1-Rb，用DOTAP将pcDNA3.1-Rb以及携带HSV－TK基因的质粒tgCMV/HyTK分别或共同导入骨肉瘤细胞株OS732。应用RT－PCR和Northern blot检测TK和Rb基因的表达；用细胞计数、流式细胞仪分析和软琼脂克隆形成实验观察细胞的生长状况；用半定量RT－PCR法、Western Blot和罗氏黄荧光传输法检测裂隙连接蛋白基因Connexin43的表达和细胞间裂隙连接信息通讯的能力；用MTT法和混合共培养实验分别检测各种细胞对GCV的敏感性HSV－TK／GCV系统的“旁观者效应”。结果：成功地构建了真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1-Rb；得到三种转基因的细胞株OS732TK、OS732Rb、OS732RbTK；并在mRNA水平检测到OS732TK和OS732RbTK细胞内HSV－TK基因的表达，在OS732Rb和OS732RbTK细胞内存在内源性和外源性Rb基因的表达；与OS732相比，OS732Rb和OS732RbTK细胞的形态发生改变，其生长速度减慢，软琼脂形成集落能力降低，细胞周期阻滞于G0G1期；OS732Rb细胞的Tonnexin43表达和细胞间信息通讯能力增强；仅TK阳性细胞OS732TK和OS732RbTK的存活率与GCV的浓度存在剂量依赖性关系，但在与TK阴性细胞混合共培养实验中，OS732和OS732Rb细胞增显示对GCV的敏感性，在相同处理条件下，OS732Rb细胞的存活率明显低于OS732细胞。结论：Rb基因通过抑制骨肉瘤细胞的生长和提高细胞间信息通讯能力来增强HSV－TK／GCV系统的“旁观者效应”。     

Hematomyelia during anticoagulant therapy

An unusual case of hematomyelia during anticoagulant therapy is reported in a patient after cardiac surgery. A review of the pertinent literature is presented. After medical and surgical treatment, the transverse symptoms largely subsided with rehabilitation of the patient.     

基于幽门螺杆菌UreB优势抗原表位多抗原肽疫苗制备及其免疫保护作用

目的 构建串联式幽门螺杆菌UreB抗原优势表位UreB322和UreB527原核重组表达系统,制备UreB322和UreB527表位与多肽载体Poly-Asp-Lys的多抗原肽(MAP)疫苗并确定其免疫原性和免疫保护性.方法 采用连接引物PCR构建含肠激酶(EK)位点的串联式UreB322和UreB527表位基因及其原核表达系统.表达的目的重组融合蛋白8×[rEK-UreB322-EK-UreB527-EK]经EK水解后用Sephadex G-25柱分离rUreB322-EK和rUreB527-EK片段.采用碳二亚胺法将rUreB322-EK、rUreB527-EK与Poly-Asp-Lys载体分子交联,制备出多抗原肽疫苗MAP-rUreB322/B527.采用ELISA和Western blot分别检测各重组表位肽及MAP-rUreB322/527的抗原性和免疫反应性.采用幽门螺杆菌SS1株感染BALB/c小鼠模型检测MAP-rUreB322/527免疫保护效果.结果 获得了8次重复串联的UreB322和UreB527编码基因及其原核表达系统,目的融合蛋白8×[rEKUreB322-EK-rUreB527-EK]表达量可达细菌总蛋白的48％.肠激酶可将目的融合蛋白完全水解为rUreB322-EK和rUreB527-EK片段.rUreB322-EK和rUreB527-EK与Poly-Asp-Lys交联率高达92.5％.幽门螺杆菌全菌抗体及rUreB-IgG均能识别rUreB322-EK、rUreB527-EK和MAP-rUmB322/527并与之结合.MAP-rUreB322/527免疫小鼠血清抗体水平明显高于rUreB(P＜0.05).50或100μgMAP-rUreB322/527对幽门螺杆菌SS1株感染小鼠的保护率(83.3％和91.7％)明显高于等量rUreB(41.7％和50.0％)(P＜0.05).结论 本研究成功地构建了幽门螺杆菌UreB抗原优势表位UreB322和UreB527重复串联式编码基因及其原核表达系统,基于UreB优势抗原表位的多抗原肽疫苗MAPrUreB322/527能显著提高免疫保护效果.     

Distinct patterns of neuronal inputs and outputs of the juxtaparaventricular and suprafornical regions of the lateral hypothalamic area in the male rat

We have analyzed at high resolution the neuroanatomical connections of the juxtaparaventricular region of the lateral hypothalamic area (LHAjp); as a control and in comparison to this, we also performed a preliminary analysis of a nearby LHA region that is dorsal to the fornix, namely the LHA suprafornical region (LHAs). The connections of these LHA regions were revealed with a coinjection tract-tracing technique involving a retrograde (cholera toxin B subunit) and anterograde (Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin) tracer. The LHAjp and LHAs together connect with almost every major division of the cerebrum and cerebrospinal trunk, but their connection profiles are markedly different and distinct. In simple terms, the connections of the LHAjp indicate a possible primary role in the modulation of defensive behavior; for the LHAs, a role in the modulation of ingestive behavior is suggested. However, the relation of the LHAjp and LHAs to potential modulation of these behaviors, as indicated by their neuroanatomical connections, appears to be highly integrative as it includes each of the major functional divisions of the nervous system that together determine behavior, i.e., cognitive, state, sensory, and motor. Furthermore, although a primary role is indicated for each region with respect to a particular mode of behavior, intermode modulation of behavior is also indicated. In summary, the extrinsic connections of the LHAjp and LHAs (so far as we have described them) suggest that these regions have a profoundly integrative role in which they may participate in the orchestrated modulation of elaborate behavioral repertoires.     

The centrally projecting Edinger–Westphal nucleus—I: Efferents in the rat brain

The oculomotor accessory nucleus, often referred to as the Edinger–Westphal nucleus [EW], was first identified in the 17th century. Although its most well known function is the control of pupil diameter, some controversy has arisen regarding the exact location of these preganglionic neurons. Currently, the EW is thought to consist of two different parts. The first part [termed the preganglionic EW—EWpg], which controls lens accommodation, choroidal blood flow and pupillary constriction, primarily consists of cholinergic cells that project to the ciliary ganglion. The second part [termed the centrally projecting EW—EWcp], which is involved in non-ocular functions such as feeding behavior, stress responses, addiction and pain, consists of peptidergic neurons that project to the brainstem, the spinal cord and prosencephalic regions. However, in the literature, we found few reports related to either ascending or descending projections from the EWcp that are compatible with its currently described functions. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to systematically investigate the ascending and descending projections of the EW in the rat brain. We injected the anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine into the EW or the retrograde tracer cholera toxin subunit B into multiple EW targets as controls. Additionally, we investigated the potential EW-mediated innervation of neuronal populations with known neurochemical signatures, such as melanin-concentrating hormone in the lateral hypothalamic area [LHA] and corticotropin-releasing factor in the central nucleus of the amygdala [CeM]. We observed anterogradely labeled fibers in the LHA, the reuniens thalamic nucleus, the oval part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the medial part of the central nucleus of the amygdala, and the zona incerta. We confirmed our EW–LHA and EW–CeM connections using retrograde tracers. We also observed moderate EW-mediated innervation of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the posterior hypothalamus. Our findings provide anatomical bases for previously unrecognized roles of the EW in the modulation of several physiologic systems.