Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty for Adult Patients With Sequelae From Childhood Hip Infection: A Medium-Term Follow-Up Study

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to evaluate midterm clinical and radiographic results of total hip arthroplasties (THAs) with cementless implants for adult patients with sequelae from childhood hip infection.MethodsBetween 2002 and 2016, 165 patients (165 hips) who had a hip infection during childhood were treated with THAs with cementless implants. The average duration of follow-up was 93.5 months (range 26-206). Clinical results were evaluated via the Harris Hip Score and radiographic results were analyzed with postoperative serial X-rays.ResultsThe average Harris Hip Score increased from 27 (range 8-53) before surgery to 91 (range 45-100) at the latest follow-up examination (P < .001). At the latest follow-up evaluation, 9 cementless acetabular components demonstrated partial, nonprogressive radiolucencies. No subsidence of more than 2 mm or evidence of a radiolucent line was observed around the femoral components. Intraoperative periprosthetic fractures occurred in 11 hips, including 3 acetabular fractures, 2 fractures of greater trochanter, 1 femoral shaft fracture, and 5 fractures of femoral calcar. Postoperative complications included 3 cases of periprosthetic infection, 1 episode of dislocation, 1 case of a femoral periprosthetic fracture, 5 cases of sciatic nerve injury, 1 case of femoral nerve injury, and 1 case of squeaking from a ceramic bearing surface.ConclusionCementless THA for adult patients with sequelae from childhood hip infection presents significant technical challenges and a relatively high complication rate. With meticulous surgical planning and anticipation for the key technical challenges frequently encountered, the medium-term clinical and radiographic results of THA in this setting were good with high implant survivorship and patient satisfaction.     

Osteointegrative Sleeves for Metaphyseal Defect Augmentation in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: Clinical and Radiological 5-Year Follow-Up

BackgroundCementless metaphyseal implant fixation of revision total knee arthroplasty has encouraging early results. We analyzed midterm results and implant survival of osteointegrative augments in Anderson Orthopedic Research Institute (AORI) type 2a, 2b, and 3 defects. Reasons for implant failure were explored and the potential for anatomic joint line reconstruction evaluated.MethodsSixty-seven consecutive patients (68 revision total knee arthroplasties) received cementless metaphyseal sleeves between 2011 and 2014. The mean follow-up was 5.0 years, mean age was 68.5 years, and mean body mass index was 31.4 kg/m². The clinical and radiographic results were determined using established scoring systems. Additionally, the survival rate was calculated and reasons for failure were analyzed.ResultsIn 2 patients (4.3%), sleeves had to be removed early postoperatively for deep infection after second-stage reimplantation. With continuously functioning remaining implants, the aseptic survival rate was 93.6%. Cleared up for initial technical issues due to poor bone quality, it is as high as 98%. The scores remained to be significantly improved by 64.8 points (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) and 25.8 points (Knee Society score) (P < .001). In 10 patients (29.4%), diaphyseal radiolucencies were observed without suspicion of loosening. The mean joint line was noted to be 0.36 mm lower to the anatomic level.ConclusionAt a mean follow-up of 5.0 years, cementless osteointegrative sleeves for metaphyseal fixation in AORI 2a, AORI 2b, and AORI 3 defects yielded continuous implant fixation even in cases with preceding revisions. The cleared up aseptic survival rate was 98% at 5 years. The modular sleeve design allowed joint line reconstruction near the anatomic level.     

Fit and fill analysis of a newly designed femoral stem in cementless total hip arthroplasty for patients with secondary osteoarthritis

The fit and fill of the femoral canal are critical to the success of cementless femoral stems in total hip arthroplasty. It is difficult for conventional stems to provide a good fit and fill for the femora of patients with secondary osteoarthritis. Based on measurements of 100 femora of these patients, we designed two types of Fukui Medical School (FMS) stems with a proximal lateral flare that differed in the medial radius. We compared the fit and fill of the FMS stems with those of four conventional stems, using computer simulation. The mean proximal fit and total fit of the FMS stems were 46% and 53% respectively, a significant improvement compared with the other stems examined. The mean fill of FMS stems was 82% at the lower end of the lesser trochanter and 84% at the upper end of the isthmus, values that were significantly higher than those of the other stems. Since September 1995, we have implanted FMS stems in 15 hips with secondary osteoarthritis. Radiographic evaluations showed that the canal fill of the FMS stems was significantly greater in the proximal femur compared with other stems previously inserted at our department. A summary of this paper was presented at the 9th Symposium on Computer-Assisted Radiology; June 1995, Berlin, and at the 8th International Symposium on Technology in Arthroplasty; September 1995, Puerto Rico.     

Conical Primary Cementless Stem in Revision Hip Arthroplasty: 94 Consecutive Implantations at a Mean Follow-Up of 12.7 years

BackgroundRevision of a failed total hip arthroplasty (THA) poses technical challenges. The use of primary stems for revision can be advantageous for maintaining bone stock and reducing complications: small case series have reported promising results in the short-term to mid-term follow-up. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical and functional results and survivorship of a consecutive series of THA femoral component revisions using a conical primary cementless stem (PCS).MethodsNinety-four stem revisions with a preoperative Paprosky I or II defect were analyzed at an average follow-up of 12.7 ± 5.4 years. Aseptic loosening was the reason for revision in 92.5% of cases. Twenty patients were lost to follow-up. Two subgroups were created: Group 1 (n = 59) underwent isolated stem revision; Group 2 (n = 15) underwent complete THA revision. All were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively based on the Harris Hip Score (HHS), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index (WOMAC) score, and the visual analog scale for pain (VAS). Residual trochanteric pain and length discrepancies were recorded. Radiographic evaluation included signs of osteolysis, subsidence, loosening, and heterotopic ossification.ResultsPCS survivorship was 100% at 5 years and 95.9% at 10 years. Overall, significant postoperative improvements (P < .01) were observed on the HHS (44.3 vs 86.9), WOMAC (42.8 vs 82.8), and VAS (7.0 vs 3.0). Postoperative scores on all scales were higher for Group 1 (P < .01). Three patients (4.1%) underwent further stem revision. Demarcation lines (1 mm) were found in 12 (16.2%) patients and significant heterotopic ossifications in 22 (29.7%).ConclusionThe use of PCS for stem revision in failed THA with a limited femoral bone defect is a reliable option for both isolated stem revision and concomitant cup revision in well-selected patients.     

非骨水泥型假体周围早期骨密度变化临床观察

为观察非骨水泥型假体置换术后周围骨密度的变化,对25例非骨水泥型人工假体置换患者分别于术后1周、3个月及6个月应用双能X线骨密度仪,按Grune[1]分7个测量兴趣区测量假体周围骨密度.结果显示假体周围骨密度术后3个月平均丢失11.7%,6个月平均丢失17.77%.其中以1和7区明显,1区术后3、6个月分别减少21.25%、25.55%(P＜0.01),7区术手3、6个月分别减少22.80%、32.14%(P＜0.01).说明假体置换术后早期周围骨密度均有不同程度的减少,其中以假体近端(1、7区)明显,且骨量丢失以术后前3个月最为显著.     

Revision Hip Arthroplasty with A Modular Cementless Stem: Mid-Term Follow Up

Despite the increasing volume of revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) being performed in the United States, there are few studies reporting mid-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of modular fully porous-coated femoral stems. We retrospectively studied a consecutive series of patients who underwent revision THA with a modular extensively porous-coated femoral component at a single institution and by a single surgeon. The final study group included 54 hips (52 patients) followed for an average of 84 months. Ten-year survival rates with revision for any reason and revision for femoral loosening as endpoints were 94% and 100%, respectively. No complications regarding the modular junction were encountered. Of the 50 hips with adequate radiographs, all showed proximal ingrowth and 42 (84%) had both proximal and distal ingrowth. The modular, fully porous-coated femoral stem studied demonstrated excellent survivorship and bone ingrowth at mid-term follow up.     

Ceramic on ceramic hip arthroplasty in fused hips

Background:Most literature in the field of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for fused hips, until date has reported the results of using metal on polyethylene and ceramic on polyethylene bearings. Results of THA using ceramic on ceramic (CoC) bearings in fused hips have not been published in literature. This study reports the results of cementless THA using CoC articulation perfomed in fused hips.Results:Mean Harris hip score improved from 42.4 to 84.2 and mean leg lengthening of 36.6 mm was achieved. In the average 5.4 years (range 2.8-9.1 years) followup there were no cases with osteolysis around acetabular cup and femoral stem. In this study, there was no case of ceramic fracture. There was one case of squeaking.Conclusion:This study suggests that cementless THA performed for fused hips with CoC bearings can provide good early clinical results.     

生物型假体全髋关节置换术治疗成人髋关节发育不良继发骨关节炎的疗效评价

[目的]评价生物型假体全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)治疗成人髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of hip,DDH)继发骨关节炎的疗效.[方法]对2002年2月～2009年8月在本院行THA治疗的76例(102髋)髋关节发育不良继发骨关节炎患者的临床及影响学资料进行回顾性分析,其中男34例,女42例;年龄35～64岁,平均52.5岁.用Harris髋关节评分系统评价手术的临床疗效.根据骨盆平片及患髋正、侧位X线片观察髋臼、股骨假体的位置及其周围骨质变化.[结果]所有患者均获2年以上随访,平均5.3年.术后4例仍有轻度疼痛,服用非甾体类止痛药后缓解.8例存在不同程度下肢不等长(0.5 ～1.2 cm),Trendelenburg征阴性,无跛行.末次随访时Harris评分平均值(89.5±3.8)分,优46例(60髋),良20例(30髋),可10例(12髋);优良率为88.2％.末次随访时髋臼假体位置无明显移位,头臼包容性良好.30例出现异位骨化,6例出现髋臼周围骨溶解.股骨柄假体的位置无明显改变,中心固定有98髋(94.1％),柄-髓腔匹配优良率100％.4髋出现股骨侧骨溶解,8髋假体柄与股骨界面出现透亮线.所有病例均出现股骨近端骨重塑,其中Ⅰ度92髋,Ⅱ度10髋.无感染、假体松动、假体周围骨折等并发症发生.[结论]生物型假体全髋关节置换术治疗成人髋关节发育不良继发骨关节炎的疗效满意.     

The Cementless Anatomic Benoist Girard (ABG) II Total Hip Arthroplasty : A Minimum 8-Year Follow-Up Study

We have evaluated 90 consecutive primary cementless ABG II total hip replacements. The bearings combined metal-on-polyethylene in 64 hips, and alumina-on-alumina in 26 hips. At the minimum 8-year follow-up, ten patients had died, seven had been lost to follow-up, two had undergone revision of either or both components, and 68 were still alive and had not been revised. With revision for any reason as the endpoint, the cumulative survival rate at 10 years was 97.5% ± 1.7%, and 98.7% ± 1.3% for the metal-back cup and the femoral component, respectively. No hip showed peri-acetabular osteolysis. The ABG II total hip arthroplasty has demonstrated favourable clinical and radiological outcomes as well as survival in the current series. Further follow-up is needed to confirm these mid-term results.     

Retrospective Evaluation of the Duracon Periapatite-Coated Tibial Tray : Midterm Results and Factors Affecting Success

This study reports the retrospective radiographic outcome of a series of 63 consecutive total knee arthroplasties using an uncemented hydroxyapatite-coated Duracon cruciate-retaining tibial baseplate (Stryker Howmedica Osteonics Corp, Mahwah, NJ). Sixty-three knees were assessed at a mean follow-up of 65 months. The knees were primarily diagnosed with osteoarthritis with a mean age of 61 years. Radiographic analysis showed 6 knees with tibial baseplate radiolucencies, with all of these resolving or improving over the course of the study. All tibial baseplates were implanted with the concomitant use of autologous bone slurry. There were no reoperations for aseptic loosening, fracture, or patellofemoral problems. This intermediate study demonstrates excellent radiographic outcomes for uncemented hydroxyapatite-coated Duracon cruciate-retaining tibial baseplates and evaluates other factors felt to be important in the success of a cementless implant.