以价值为导向的医保支付制度实施路径

价值医疗权衡医疗成本与所获健康结果之间的关系,关注的是整体健康结果。医保支付制度需要以价值为导向,以经济为杠杆,引导服务提供方以最小的成本产生最优的医疗服务。微观上,对单家机构实施以疾病诊断相关分组和病种分值付费为主的多元支付制度;中观层面,探索捆绑支付、以结果为导向的多方风险共担机制;宏观上,实行医联体内的总额预付。通过探索适用于当前中国医疗服务特点的以价值为导向的医保支付制度,提高医疗机构内在动力,优化就诊结构,最终实现整体健康水平的提升。     

新型农村合作医疗保护农民免于疾病经济风险效果评价

应用新型农村合作医疗对保护农民免于疾病经济风险评价方法,对山东省某试点县实施新型农村合作医疗的效果进行评价。结果表明,我国农村地区有很多家庭因为家庭卫生支出而陷入贫困或灾难。样本地区因家庭卫生支出导致贫困的发生率为5.20%,灾难性卫生支出的发生率为9.58%。新型农村合作医疗对保护农民家庭免于因疾病导致的经济风险起到了一定的作用,但这种保护作用是有限的。被调查地区新型农村合作医疗使灾难性卫生支出下降了8.14%,使因卫生支出导致的贫困发生率降低了19.81%。模拟分析的结果显示,新型农村合作医疗对保护农民免于疾病经济风险可以发挥更大的作用,这种作用的大小取决于新型农村合作医疗的筹资水平和方案设计。如果报销的比例提高,则更多的家庭会避免陷入灾难性卫生支出或贫困。     

基于比较的互联网药品医保支付研究

分析我国互联网药品支付存在的问题以及美国网上药店保险支付模式的现状,结果发现目前我国互联网医保支付面临区域差异、技术、统筹账户、监管以及政策方面的限制.虽然中国与美国国情存在差别,但美国关于互联网医保支付的监管模式、法律、与商业保险互补以及经营方式都值得为我国借鉴,因此,我国在借鉴的基础上可以再探索符合中国实际情况的互联网医保支付模式.     

The Impact of Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement Bundled Payment Program on Care Delivery

Background

Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) is a Medicare initiative to test the impact of holding a hospital accountable for services provided during an episode of care for a lower extremity joint arthroplasty on costs and quality. This study examines whether hospital participation in CJR is associated with having programs focused on improving posthospitalization care or reducing costs using a survey of orthopedic surgeons.

Reimbursement for therapeutic apheresis devices and procedures for using the healthcare insurance system in Japan

The aim of this paper was to explain the insurance coverage status of therapeutic apheresis (excluding CHDF) in Japan, alongside the social system of medical reimbursement and concerns regarding the future sustainability of the healthcare system. Insurance schemes and premiums differed for individuals at different levels in the society (eg, municipal residents, employees, and public servants). Insurance premiums and their rates varied depending on the total household income, the number of people living together, age, and the place of residence. In addition, the medical expense subsidies for children through public expenditure were also described. Japan's generous insurance system and multiple medical expense subsidies provide financial support for patients. With Japan's history of medical expense subsidies based on the policy of supporting intractable diseases, we have established an environment where all citizens can receive therapeutic apheresis when needed if they are affected by a disease for which insurance coverage is indicated.     

A Radiologist’s Primer on Bundles and Care Episodes

Bundled or episode payments are among the most heavily emphasized approaches to aligning incentives and promoting care coordination, efficiency, and accountability in health care redesign. Bundled or episode payments price a market basket of services for an entire episode of care with both a clearly defined trigger and termination. Because the radiologist is “ancillary” in many bundles, the specialty is often unaware of the phenomenon. This is likely to change rapidly. Radiology is pivotal in high-prevalence, high-impact care areas such as low back pain and stroke that are focuses of widely used system performance metrics. More important, radiology is central to the diagnosis and management of a wide range of important diagnostic issues in areas such as breast cancer, pulmonary nodules, and incidental findings. Three models of bundled care will probably involve radiology intimately in the near future. Pure radiology bundles might be constructed for breast cancer screening and diagnosis, and these could be priced on the basis of guideline-based best-practice frequencies of care events such as recall and biopsy. Clinical bundles, for example low back pain, could be priced on the basis of optimal imaging frequencies. Finally, pricing of imaging studies might include evidence-based frequencies of follow-up imaging for incidental findings.     

Effects of the Ten Percent Cap in Medicare Home Health Care on Treatment Intensity and Patient Discharge Status

Objective

To estimate the effect of the 10 percent cap introduced to Medicare home health care on treatment intensity and patient discharge status.

Data Sources

Medicare Denominator, Medicare Home Health Claims, and Medicare Provider of Services Files from 2008 through 2010.

Study Design

We used agency-level variation in the proportion of outlier payments prior to the implementation of the 10 percent cap to identify how home health agencies adjusted the number of home health visits and patient discharge status under the new law.

Principal Findings

Under the 10 percent cap, agencies dramatically decreased the number of service visits. Agencies also dropped relatively healthy patients and sent sicker patients to nursing homes.

Conclusions

The drastic reduction in the number of service visits and discontinuation of relatively healthy patients from home health care suggest that the 10 percent cap improved the efficiency of home health services as intended. However, the 10 percent cap increased other types of health care expenditures by pushing sicker patients to use more expensive health services.