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1.
P A Majiwa G Matthyssens R O Williams R Hamers 《Molecular and biochemical parasitology》1985,16(1):97-108
Genes encoding various Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) brucei variable surface glycoproteins (VSGs) show considerable conservation among different members of this species, known as isotypes. The occurrence of isotypes in other salivarian trypanosomes has not been well documented. We have cloned sequences encoding Trypanosoma (Nannomonas) congolense ILNat 2.1 VSG, and used it in DNA blot hybridization analyses of this and other T. congolense clones originating from geographically separate regions of East Africa. The data indicate that the expression of ILNat 2.1 VSG gene proceeds by duplicative transposition resulting in the presence of an extra expression-linked copy in the expressing clones examined. Furthermore the ILNat 2.1 VSG gene sequence is absent or has greatly diverged, in all other T. (N.) congolense clones that belong to different serodemes. This suggests that some T. (N.) congolense VSGs may be limited to their respective antigen repertoires. The data are discussed in the light of their implications for antigenic variation in T. (N.) congolense, and parasite epidemiology. 相似文献
2.
Francesco Giallauria Carlo Vigorito Massimo F. Piepoli Andrew J. Stewart Coats 《International journal of cardiology》2014
Background
Although cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) has emerged as a promising device treatment for heart failure (HF), the effect of CCM on functional capacity and quality of life has not been the subject of an individual patient data meta-analysis to determine its effect on measures of functional capacity and life quality. This meta-analysis is aimed at systematically reviewing the latest available randomized evidence on the effectiveness of CCM on functional capacity and quality of life indexes in patients with HF.Methods
The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched in May 2013 to identify eligible randomized controlled trials comparing CCM with sham treatment or usual care. Primary outcomes of interest were peak oxygen consumption, 6-minute walk test distance and quality of life measured by Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire. There was no sufficient information to address safety. Mean difference and 95% confidence intervals (C.I.s) were calculated for continuous data using a fixed-effects model.Results
Three studies enrolling 641 participants were identified and included. Pooled analysis showed that, compared to control, CCM significantly improved peak oxygen consumption (mean difference + 0.71, 95% C.I. 0.20 to 1.21 mL/kg/min, p = 0.006), 6-minute walk test distance (mean difference + 13.92, 95% C.I. − 0.08 to 27.91 m, p = 0.05) and quality of life measured by Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire (mean difference − 7.17, 95% C.I. − 10.38 to − 3.96, p < 0.0001).Conclusions
Meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomized trials suggests that CCM has significant if somewhat modest benefits in improving measures of functional capacity and quality of life. 相似文献3.
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5.
PAULO MOURA NESTOR M. DEMORIZI ROBERT M. MACMILLAN DRYDEN P. MORSE LAWRENCE J. GESSMAN 《Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE》1985,8(3):374-377
An esophageal electrode can be employed to provide atrial sensing which then can be used to change from temporary right ventriculor (VVI) pacing to P-synchronous (VAT) pacing. Two cases of postoperative aortic valve replacement, each with new complete heart block (CHB) and dopamine dependency, are presented. In both cases, establishment of P-synchronous pacing resulted in improved hemodynamic status characterized by successful weaning from dopamine and maintenance of adequafe cardiac output (CO). 相似文献
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Nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in ICU patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Many studies have investigated the management and prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), but few have focused on the role of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT). The pathogenesis of lower respiratory tract infections often begins with tracheal colonization that may progress to VAT, and in selected patients to VAP. Since there is no well-established definition of VAT, discrimination between VAT and VAP can be challenging. VAT is a localized disease with clinical signs (fever, leukocytosis, and purulent sputum), microbiologic information (Gram stain with bacteria and leukocytes, with either a positive semiquantitative or a quantitative sputum culture), and the absence of a new infiltrate on chest radiograph. Monitoring endotracheal aspirates has been used to identify and quantify pathogens colonizing the lower airway, to diagnose VAT or VAP, and to initiate early, targeted antibiotic therapy. Recent data suggest that VAT appears to be an important risk factor for VAP and that targeted antibiotic therapy for VAT may be a new paradigm for VAP prevention and better patient outcomes. 相似文献
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9.
Hye-Ok Lee Jung-Eun Yim Jeong-Sook Lee Young-Seol Kim Ryowon Choue 《Nutrition Research And Practice》2013,7(1):43-48
Quantities as well as distributions of adipose tissue (AT) are significantly related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and can be altered with caloric restriction. This study investigated which cross-sectional slice location of AT is most strongly correlated with changes in CVD risk factors after caloric restriction in obese Korean women. Thirty-three obese pre-menopausal Korean women (32.4 ± 8.5 yrs, BMI 27.1 ± 2.3 kg/m2) participated in a 12 weeks caloric restriction program. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were measured using computed tomography (CT) scans at the sites of L2-L3, L3-L4, and L4-L5. Fasting serum levels of glucose, insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), leptin and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were observed. Pearson''s partial correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationship between AT measurement sites and changes in CVD risk factors after calorie restriction. When calories were reduced by 350 kcal/day for 12 weeks, body weight (-2.7%), body fat mass (-8.2%), and waist circumference (-5.8%) all decreased (P < 0.05). In addition, following caloric restriction, serum levels of glucose (-4.6%), TC (-6.2%), LDL-C (-5.3%), leptin (-17.6%) and HOMA-IR (-18.2%) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) as well. Changes in VAT at the level of L3-L4 were significantly greater than those at other abdominal sites, and these changes were correlated with changes in TC (P < 0.05), LDL-C (P < 0.001), SBP (P < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (P < 0.01). These results show that VAT at L3-L4 had a stronger correlation with CVD risk factors than with other AT measurement sites after caloric restriction. 相似文献
10.
K. Nyman M. Granér M.O. Pentikäinen J. Lundbom A. Hakkarainen R. Sirén M.S. Nieminen M.-R. Taskinen N. Lundbom K. Lauerma 《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2018,28(7):727-734