25例IUD及输卵管结扎与异位妊娠的临床分析

本文对我院收治的异位妊娠84例,其中带环异位妊娠20例,输卵管结扎术后合并异位妊娠5例,以及带环异位妊娠的发生率及其原因、误诊等进行了分析讨论。     

经阴道彩色多普勒诊断未破裂型输卵管妊娠

本文介绍经阴道彩色多普勒诊断未破裂型输卵管妊娠２６例，１３例经手术及病理检查证实，１３例经临床确诊，符合２５例，诊断符合率９６．１５％；误诊１例，误诊率３．８５％。经阴道彩色多普勒检查其二维图像清晰，彩色血流灵敏，能更早发现输卵管妊娠包块内特异的滋养层周围血流及同侧卵巢的黄体血流，使输卵管妊娠在破裂前就能作出诊断，具有较高的临床应用价值。     

家兔输卵管结扎术后黄体的形态变化

将27只雌性家兔随机分为五组,即Pomeroy法扎管组;Uchida法扎管组;结扎子宫动脉组;结扎卵巢动脉组和假手术组。术后4～10周合笼交配。交配后第八天取黄体做光镜和透射电镜观察。结果:Uchida法扎管后黄体的形态正常;Pomeroy法扎管和结扎子宫动脉后黄体的形态有轻微改变;结扎卵巢动脉后黄体的形态有明显改变。研究结果对探讨“扎管后综合征”的发生机制具有一定的意义。     

Tubal metaplasia: A cytologic study with comparison to other neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions of the endocervix

Tubal metaplasia of the endocervix (TME), a condition that may be con/used morphologically with glandular neoplasia, is frequently found in cone or hysterectomy specimens. To determine the frequency of detecting TME in cytologic smears, we retrospectively reviewed 28 Papanicolaou (Pap) smears from 22 women (mean age 39.1 yr; range 25-60 yr) with histologically proven TME. Our criteria for TME were the presence of two cell types in addition to endocervical secretory cells, i.e., peg cells (cells with dark and granular cytoplasm and elongate nuclei) and ciliated cells. All women had cervical cytology specimens obtained with an endocervical brush shortly before the procedures in which TME was diagnosed, and five also had at least one post-procedure smear. Of 20 smears with an adequate, non-neoplastic endocervical component, TME was found in 2 (10%). In these two, TME cells constituted 10% and < 5% of all the glandular cells, respectively, and the percentage of ciliated cells in the TME was approximately 25% and 75%. In conclusion, TME was noted infrequently (10%) on the cervical cytosmears of women with histologically-proven TME. This result corresponds to the histologic finding that TME typically involves the upper endocervix and glandular epithelium, with only 13% of the women having TME on the surface of the lower endocervix. Atypical glandular cells on cervical cytology are a problem for clinicians and pathologists alike. The differential diagnosis of such atypia, including TME, cells of the lower uterine segment, squamous intraepithelial lesion in glands and glandular neoplasia, is discussed.     

输卵管通液术与子宫内膜异位症的关系

目的：探讨输久管通液术与子宫内膜异位症的关系。方法：直视下对104例输卵管性不孕患地输卵管通液术,收集输卵管流出液作巴氏染色进行宫内膜细胞的检查。结果：发现子宫内膜异位症29例（27．88％）,检出宫内膜细胞60．67％（63／104）,对月经周期中不同时间通液进行比较,发现各时间段宫内膜细胞的检出率之间差异无显性意义（P＞0．05）。结论：通液术将宫内膜细胞带入盆腔可能是造成子宫内膜异位症的原因,但不同时间通水宫内膜细胞的检出无显差异。     

输卵管妊娠的季节影响

目的:研究季节与输卵管妊娠的关系。方法:收集1996-01～1999-12月间收治的107例妊娠者,比较每月输卵管妊娠发生率以及每月有无宫内节育器、人工流产史、手术史的输卵管妊娠发生率。结果:输卵管妊娠在冬春季发生率明显高于夏秋季,P<0.01;在8月发生率最低;有无宫内节育器,有无人工流产史,无手术史者其发生率均与季节有关,P<0.05;有手术史者其发生率与季节无关,P>0.05。结论:气候变化是引起输卵管妊娠的因素之一。     

Falloposcopy after prostaglandin treatment of tubal pregnancy

We report on a tubal pregnancy treated with prostaglandin F₂ locally. Falloposcopy two years afterwards showed multiple, non obstructive adhesions of the tubal epithelium.     

三种输卵管疏通术治疗后发生输卵管妊娠的临床分析

目的 :了解输卵管疏通术后发生输卵管妊娠的危险因素及其相应对策。方法 :回顾性分析 6 9例输卵管性不孕者分别经三种输卵管疏通术后发生输卵管妊娠 (TP)的患者 ,分成 3组 ,比较 3组疏通术前子宫输卵管碘油造影(HSG)结果和疏通术后通畅与非通畅输卵管的TP发生率。结果 :疏通术前 ,示输卵管柔软 5 7条 (34例 ) ,发生TP 2 1例(6 1.8% ) ,而欠柔软 /僵硬 79条 (5 6例 ) ,发生TP 4 8例 (85 7% ) ,两者差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ;输卵管周围有无粘连者TP发生率差异也存在显著意义 (P <0 0 5 )。无论畅与不畅 ,3组术后TP发生率间差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :疏通术前HSG提示输卵管欠柔软、僵硬以及存在周围粘连者可能是疏通治疗后输卵管妊娠发生的危险因素。对于此类病变严重的输卵管不宜选择疏通术治疗。     

输卵管妊娠保留输卵管手术后综合疗法的宫内妊娠探讨

对输卵管妊娠52例有生育要求者，其中28例行切开输卵管壶腹部取胚胎术，10例行输卵管峡部破裂口修补术，7例行输卵管伞部成形术，5例行输卵管峡部端端吻合术，2例行输卵管子宫角部植入术。术后给MTX与中药等综合治疗2～5个月，对其中45例行输卵管通畅检查，双侧输卵管通畅4O例，通畅率为88.9％；有41例宫内妊娠，妊娠率为78.9％，另有1例再次异位妊娠。提示：对有生育要求的输卵管妊娠尽量根据输卵管的不同情况采用相应的手术方法，并应用有效的术后综合措施，对保留患者的生育功能和提高妊娠率有重要意义。     

异位妊娠MTX保守治疗过程中破裂出血病例的临床分析

目的:评价异位妊娠在MTX保守治疗过程中发生破裂出血的危险因素。方法:回顾性分析100例MTX保守治疗的异位妊娠妇女,主要测量指标为血浆HCG水平。结果:异位妊娠MTX保守治疗前、后HCG水平的上升速度与输卵管破裂出血密切相关;保守治疗给药前48 h HCG上升超过66%或给药后HCG仍持续性升高,则提示输卵管破裂可能性大;65%异位妊娠破裂出血在峡部。结论:MTX治疗前、后HCG上升的速度是预示输卵管破裂出血的良好指标;保守治疗给药前HCG上升速度超过66%/48 h或用药后HCG仍持续性升高,提示可能需要外科手术治疗;妊娠囊的着床部位也是输卵管破裂的高危因素。