DICOM数据的三维重建与协同可视化系统的开发

复杂手术常需多科医生协商制定综合性治疗方案,网络协同三维可视化软件可使方案制定直观而精确。我们采用VTK工具包对DICOM格式CT图像数据进行三维重建并作网格简化,将结果所得多边形网格模型无缝集成到用HOOPS/3DAF所开发的图形系统进行显示,并用HOOPS/Stream工具包转成适合网络传输的HSF无损压缩流文件,再用HOOPS/NET工具包实现基于Client/Server架构的协同三维交互可视化系统。所得三维重建结果清晰,协同三维可视化操作实时度高。本研究实现了一个协同手术仿真开发平台,该架构易于进一步添加模拟手术操作与修复体设计功能。     

ITK在医学图像区域生长分割中的应用

通过将ITK中一个具体的区域生长分割算法应用于MR颅脑图像分割出白质、脑室、灰质等结构，介绍了如何使用ITK进行图像分割方法及此区域生长分割实例中类的使用。     

基于VTK的磁源性影像三维可视化

目的 改善磁源性影像的三维可视化效果.方法 对MRI数据进行图像分割,利用可视化工具(vTK)包对分割后的图像进行三维重建,获得大脑皮层的三维模型;以患者做脑磁图检查时设置的3个外部标志点(左耳窝、右耳窝和鼻根)为基准,通过坐标转换,将脑磁图源分析软件输出的偶极子信息形象化地表示在三维显示窗口中.结果 在三维图像上可以...     

基于服务网格的医疗信息系统的研究

网格是集成和并行的计算与资源环境,核心是在异构和分布式的网络环境中实现资源共享。网格医疗信息系统的核心是医疗资源的共享和服务系统的建立。文中提出了基于服务网格的医疗信息系统体系结构,并对网格开发工具及其相关技术进行研究,给出了基于网格技术的医疗信息系统的应用实例。     

Motivation to reduce alcohol consumption and subsequent attempts at reduction and changes in consumption in increasing and higher‐risk drinkers in England: a prospective population survey

Aims

To assess how far motivation to reduce alcohol consumption in increasing and higher‐risk drinkers in England predicts self‐reported attempts to reduce alcohol consumption and changes in alcohol intake during the following 6 months.

Methods

This study used self‐reported data from 2928 higher‐risk drinkers in the Alcohol Toolkit Study (ATS): a series of monthly cross‐sectional household surveys of adults aged 16+ years of age in England. Alcohol consumption was measured in an initial survey and in a 6‐month telephone follow‐up interview using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)‐C questionnaire. Motivation was measured in the initial survey using the Motivation to Reduce Alcohol Consumption (MRAC) scale. Attempts to reduce alcohol consumption during the past 6 months were recorded at follow‐up. Data were analysed using repeated‐measures difference‐in‐differences and logistic regression models.

Results

Participants with higher initial motivation to reduce alcohol consumption were more likely to report that they had made an attempt to reduce consumption at follow‐up [adjusted odds ratio (OR_adj) = 2.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.75–3.29]. There was an overall reduction in alcohol consumption between initial survey and follow‐up (OR_adj = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.65–0.79), but there was insufficient evidence of an additional effect of motivation to reduce consumption on subsequent changes in alcohol consumption, with the difference‐in‐differences effect instead suggesting an average increase (OR_adj = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.00–1.88).

Conclusions

Increasing and higher‐risk drinkers in England who report greater motivation to reduce their consumption are more likely to report making an attempt to reduce during the next 6 months, but this may not be associated with a reduction in alcohol consumption.     

Embedding consultant radiographer roles within radiology departments: A framework for success

IntroductionMany organisations struggle to clearly differentiate the radiographer consultant role from advanced or specialist practice, with newly appointed consultant practitioners often ill-prepared for working at this level. This article discusses the design, implementation and validation of an outcomes framework for benchmarking competencies for trainee or new-in-post consultant radiographers.MethodsFive experienced radiographers from different clinical specialisms were seconded to a twelve month consultant trainee post, guided by a locally-devised outcomes framework. A longitudinal qualitative study explored, from the radiographers' perspective, the impact of the outcomes framework on the transition to consultant practice and beyond. Data collection included semi-structured interviews (months 1, 6 and 12), validation via a focus group (month 18) and a group interview (5 years).ResultsEarly interactions with framework objectives were mechanistic, but as participants better understood the role more creative approaches emerged. Despite diverse clinical expertise, the framework facilitated parity between participants, promoting transparency and credibility which was important in how the consultant role was perceived. All participants achieved all framework outcomes and were subsequently appointed to substantive consultant radiographer positions.ConclusionThis outcomes framework facilitates experienced radiographers to successfully transition into consultant radiographers, enabling them to meet multiple non-clinical targets while continuing to work effectively within a changing clinical environment. It is the first validated benchmarking tool designed to support the transition to radiographer consultant practice. Adoption of the tool will provide a standardised measure of consultant radiographer outcomes that will promote inter-organisational transferability hitherto unseen in the UK.     

Web环境下人体数据集三维可视化初步研究

目的使用可视化工具包(theVisualizationToolKit,VTK)的重建算法对中国可视化人(Chinesevisiblehu-man,CVH)数据集进行重建,结合虚拟现实建模语言(virtualrealitymodelinglanguage,VRML),互联网环境下实现远程访问并对重建结果进行交互操作。方法应用数字化可视人体数据获取技术,对双侧肱骨图片进行三维重建,生成基于网络的立体结构。结果重建出双侧肱骨的三维立体图像,在网络浏览器窗口能任意角度和比例大小对它们进行观察,清楚显示了其空间位置关系。结论本研究以VTK和VRML为基础,实现CVH数据集三维可视化重建,为深入研究和实现更多解剖结构可视化以及科学计算提供支持,也为解剖远程网络教学提供了范例。     

Systematic analysis of potential targets of the curcumin analog pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1) in overcoming resistance of glioblastoma cells to bevacizumab

BackgroundGlioblastoma is one of the most aggressive and deadliest malignant tumors. Acquired resistance decreases the effectiveness of bevacizumab in glioblastoma treatment and thus increases the mortality rate in patients with glioblastoma. In this study, the potential targets of pentagamavunone-1 (PGV-1), a curcumin analog, were explored as a complementary treatment to bevacizumab in glioblastoma therapy.MethodsTarget prediction, data collection, and analysis were conducted using the similarity ensemble approach (SEA), SwissTargetPrediction, STRING DB, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were conducted using Webgestalt and DAVID, respectively. Hub genes were selected based on the highest degree scores using the CytoHubba. Analysis of genetic alterations and gene expression as well as Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of selected genes were conducted with cBioportal and GEPIA. Immune infiltration correlations between selected genes and immune cells were analyzed with database TIMER 2.0.ResultsWe found 374 targets of PGV-1, 1139 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from bevacizumab-resistant-glioblastoma cells. A Venn diagram analysis using these two sets of data resulted in 21 genes that were identified as potential targets of PGV-1 against bevacizumab resistance (PBR). PBR regulated the metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450. Seven potential therapeutic PBR, namely GSTM1, AKR1C3, AKR1C4, PTGS2, ADAM10, AKR1B1, and HSD17B110 were found to have genetic alterations in 1.2%–30% of patients with glioblastoma. Analysis using the GEPIA database showed that the mRNA expression of ADAM10, AKR1B1, and HSD17B10 was significantly upregulated in glioblastoma patients. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that only patients with low mRNA expression of AKR1B1 had significantly better overall survival than the patients in the high mRNA group. We also found a correlation between PBR and immune cells and thus revealed the potential of PGV-1 as an immunotherapeutic agent via targeting of PBR.ConclusionThis study highlighted seven PBR, namely, GSTM1, AKR1C3, AKR1C4, PTGS2, ADAM10, AKR1B1, and HSD17B110. This study also emphasized the potential of PBR as a target for immunotherapy with PGV-1. Further validation of the results of this study is required for the development of PGV-1 as an adjunct to immunotherapy for glioblastoma to counteract bevacizumab resistance.