老年患者TVP术中心功能监测

目的探讨经尿道前列腺电汽化术(transurethralelectrovaporizationoftheprostate,TVP)对老年患者心功能的影响。方法应用胸骨上无创超声多普勒心排量仪分别测定30例老年患者TVP麻醉前后及术中、术后的每搏量(SV)、心脏指数(CI)、心排量(CO)、射血时间(ET)、体循环血管阻力(SVR),然后加以分析。结果麻醉后循环功能稳定;术中30min及术后SVR分别较麻醉前升高17．32％和14．91％,均有显著性差异(P<0．05);术中30minCO较麻醉前下降11．49(P<0．05)。结论TVP手术期间老年患者心功能受到一定的影响,术中应加强监测和采取相应的措施。     

Canalopatias cardíacas: o papel das mutações nos canais de sódio

Introduction and objectives

The importance of sodium channels for the normal electrical activity of the heart is emphasized by the fact that mutations (inherited or de novo) in genes that encode for these channels or their associated proteins cause arrhythmogenic syndromes such as the Brugada syndrome and the long QT syndrome (LQTS). The aim of this study is to conduct a review of the literature on the mutations in the sodium channel complex responsible for heart disease and the implications of a close relationship between genetics and the clinical aspects of the main cardiac channelopathies, namely at the level of diagnosis, risk stratification, prognosis, screening of family members and treatment.

前列腺增生症术后排尿困难临床分析

目的探讨耻骨上经膀胱（TVP）与经尿道前列腺切除术（TURP）后排尿困难的病因、预防及处理。方法回顾性分析21例前列腺增生症术后出现排尿困难的临床资料。结果8例TVP术后排尿困难的病例中,膀胱结石与前尿道狭窄各2例;前列腺癌、膀胱颈挛缩、腺体残留和出血各l例;13例TURP病例中腺体残留6例,尿道狭窄、出血和膀胱颈水肿各2例,逼尿肌收缩力减弱l例,均经治疗恢复。结论TVP与TURP术后排尿困难原因较多,腺体残留是TURP术后排尿困难的主要原因。充分的术前准备、正确的术中与术后处理是预防前列腺增生症术后发生排尿困难的关键。     

TVP术中血糖、电解质等监测对预防TURS的临床意义

目的　了解经尿道前列腺电汽化术 (TVP)中血糖、电解质改变。方法　随机选择老年轻比重脊麻下TVP手术 6 0例 ,麻醉中观察并记录术前、术中 30、6 0分钟及术后血糖、电解质 (Na+ 、K+ 、Cl-)、血气 (HCO-3 、PaCO2 、pH)、Hb、BUN、Hct等。结果　血糖术中 30、6 0分钟及术后与术前值比较均显著增高 (P <0 0 1)。而且 6 0分钟与 30分钟比较血糖有明显上升 (P <0 0 1)。术后与术中6 0分钟比较血糖又有明显升高 (P <0 0 1)。血钠 30分钟与术前比较无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,但 6 0分钟时与术前比较血钠有显著降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ,术后与术前比较下降非常显著 (P <0 0 1)。结论　TVP手术仍有灌洗液吸收和血液稀释 ,术中应作血糖及电解质监测。     

VE-B电汽化疗法加膀胱灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎的临床研究（附520例报告）

目的：探讨VE-B电汽化疗法加膀胱灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎的临床效果.方法：对520例女性腺性膀胱炎患者采用VE-B滚轮式汽化电极进行经尿道膀胱黏膜电汽化术,并辅以膀胱腔内药物灌注进行治疗.结果：本组520例患者有效率为90.3%,其中疗效满意者68.4%,基本满意者21.9%;无效9.7%.结论：采用VE-B电汽化术辅以膀胱灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎疗效确切,值得在基层医院推广.     

Retrospective study on transmissible viral proventriculitis and chicken proventricular necrosis virus (CPNV) in the UK

ABSTRACT

Chicken proventricular necrosis virus (CPNV) is a recently described birnavirus, which has been proposed to be the cause of transmissible viral proventriculitis (TVP). The understanding of the epidemiology of both the virus and the disease is very limited. A retrospective investigation on TVP and CPNV in broiler chicken submissions from the UK from between 1994 and 2015 was performed with the aims of assessing the longitudinal temporal evolution of TVP and CPNV, and to review the histological proventricular lesions in the studied chickens. Ninety-nine of the 135 included submissions (73.3%) fulfilled the TVP-diagnostic criteria, while the remaining 36 submissions (26.7%) displayed only lymphocytic proventriculitis (LP). The first detection of CPNV by PCR dated from 2009. Results showed a rise in the number of both TVP and positive CPNV RT–PCR submissions from 2009 with a peak in 2013, suggesting that they may be an emerging or re-emerging disease and pathogen, respectively. Twenty-two out of the 99 submissions displaying TVP lesions (22%) and four out of the 36 (11%) submissions with LP gave positive CPNV RT–PCR results, further supporting the association between CPNV and TVP and confirming that CPNV is present in a low proportion of proventriculi that do not fulfil the TVP-diagnostic criteria. In addition, intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in 22 of the submissions with TVP. The vast majority of these cases (21 of 22, 96%) gave negative CPNV RT–PCR results, raising the question of whether a virus other than CPNV is responsible for some of these TVP-affected cases.

RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS

• TVP and CPNV have been present in British broilers since at least 1994 and 2009, respectively.

• TVP and CPNV seem to be an emerging and re-emerging disease and pathogen, respectively.

• CPNV was detected in proventriculi with both TVP and LP-lesions.

• Viruses other than CPNV may be responsible for some TVP-affected cases.

     

经尿道前列腺汽化术治疗前列腺增生

为了探讨经尿道前列腺汽化术（ＴＶＰ）的治疗效果,６７例前列腺增生患者施行了ＴＶＰ。汽化的前列腺平均重量５７．６ｇ,手术平均时间４１ｍｉｎ,术中出血量２０～１２０ｍｌ。４２例病人获得１个月和３个月的随访,结果显示：前列腺症状评分从术前（１７．６±５．３）降至（５．９±２．１）和（４．２±１．３）,最大尿流率从术前的（７．４±３．０）ｍｌ／ｓ增加到（１５．３±２．８）ｍｌ／ｓ和（１７．３±１．４）ｍｌ／ｓ,剩余尿由术前（５７±２０）ｍｌ降至（３７±１１）ｍｌ和（４３±９）ｍｌ。ＴＶＰ具有疗效显著、并发症少等特点,并提出了ＴＶＰ注意事项。     

TVP与开放手术治疗前列腺增生症术后性功能比较

目的　比较经尿道前列腺汽化术 (TVP)、耻骨上前列腺摘除术 (SPP)治疗良性前列腺增生症(BPH)术对性功能的影响。方法　对 10 0例TVP及 10 0例SPP术后病人进行 12个月追踪观察 ,总结其术后阳萎及逆行射精发生率。结果　TVP与SPP术后阳萎发生率分别是 4 .35 % (3/6 9)和 10 .81% (8/74 ) ,逆行射精发生率分别是 4 4 .9% (31/6 9)和 4 1.9% (31/74 )。结论　此两种术式治疗BPH产生术后性功能损害TVP优于SPP(P <0 .0 1) ,逆行射精发生率无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。