优良资源植物——三颗针的质量考查研究之二

对四种同季不同产地采集的“三颗针”不同部位的四种生物碱进行了含量测定和分析,为该类药材的质量研究、生药采收、药厂选投料及开发应用等提供了科学依据。同时对该类资源的可持续利用也具有积极意义。     

Mediated smoking cessation programs in the Stanford five-city project

Two mediated smoking cessation programs were subjected to a field evaluation. The Quit Kit is a printed self-help package, and "Calling It Quits" consists of five segments which were aired on the local television news. A sample of 239 persons requested the Quit Kit and were followed. At the 2-month and 12-month follow-ups, respectively, 13.6% and 17.9% of those surveyed reported abstinence. Results indicate the potential of mediated interventions.     

金石散胶囊溶解胆石的临床研究

自１９８７年迄今,用金石散（４－６胶囊／次,２－３次／天）治疗胆结石患者１７７例,３月为一疗程,共２－４疗程。治疗前后均经Ｂ超检查以判断疗效。结果显示：１．服药一月,９０％病人的发热、腹胀、疼痛等临床症状消失。２、６２例胆囊结石经服药平均８．１８＋７．１４月后,３例结石完全消失（４．８４％）,３７例结石减少变小,总有效率６４．５２％;而临床类型型相似的另外２３例,用ＵＤＣＡ治疗作为对照组,总有效率     

胃肠宁胶囊治疗肝胃郁热型胃脘痛的临床观察附:170例病例报告

对照观察了中药胃肠宁胶囊和三九胃泰治疗肝胃郁热型胃脘痛患者１７０例的临床疗效,结果治疗组（胃肠宁胶囊组）１０４例,显效率为７５．９６％,对照组（三九胃泰组）６６例,显效率为３６．３６％,二者比较有高度统计学意义（Ｐ〈０．０１）,表明胃肠宁胶囊治疗肝胃郁热型胃脘痛的疗效优于三九胃泰。通过治疗前后肝胃郁热主症及其引起的其它症状的比较及慢性浅表性胃炎病理诊断比较,结果表明,具有疏肝解郁,清热和胃降逆之功     

Randomized clinical trial of the 350-mm2 versus the 500-mm2 Baerveldt implant: longer term results: Is bigger better?

OBJECTIVE: To report the longer term results of a randomized, clinical trial comparing the 350-mm2 and the 500-mm2 Baerveldt glaucoma implants. DESIGN: Extended follow-up on a randomized, controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS: Between March 1991 and April 1993, 107 patients with uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP) due to non-neovascular glaucoma associated with aphakia, pseudophakia, or failed filters were randomly assigned for surgical placement of either the 350-mm or the 500-mm2 Baerveldt implant at the Doheny Eye Institute. METHODS: A random-numbers table was used to assign each patient to one of the two groups. Preoperative IOPs and visual acuities were recorded. Clinical records were reviewed to ascertain postoperative IOPs, visual acuities, number of medications used, and implant-related complications that occurred throughout the follow-up period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Success was defined as IOP of 6 mmHg or greater and of 21 mmHg or less in two or more consecutive follow-up visits without further glaucoma surgery or loss of light perception attributable to glaucoma. RESULTS: The overall success rates were 87% for the 350-mm2 group and 70% for the 500-mm2 group (P = 0.05). Average follow-up was 37 months (range, 1-76 months) for the 350-mm2 group and 34 months (range, 5-77 months) for the 500-mm2 group. The life-table success rates declined over time for both implant groups, from a high of 98% for the 350-mm2 group and 92% for the 500-mm2 group at 1 year to a cumulative success rate of 79% for the 350-mm2 group and 66% for the 500-mm2 group at 5 years. Visual acuities were better or remained the same in 50% of the patients in the 350-mm2 group and 46% of those in the 500-mm2 group. Complications during the 5-year follow-up were also statistically similar. CONCLUSIONS: The longer term results show that the 350-mm2 Baerveldt implant is more successful than the 500-mm2 implant for overall IOP control. Interval comparisons indicate a higher rate of success for the 350-mm2 implant in the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth years of implantation. Visual acuities, implant-related complications, and average IOPs were statistically indistinguishable between the two groups.     

Episcleritis in childhood

OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics and systemic disease associations of episcleritis in childhood. DESIGN: Retrospective, observational case series. PARTICIPANTS: Twelve children diagnosed with episcleritis between July 1981 and June 1998. METHODS/TESTING: Complete eye and systemic evaluations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Characteristics of episcleritis and presence and nature of concurrent systemic disease. RESULTS: The 12 children (10 boys and 2 girls) ranged in age from 13 months to 16 years. Five children had bilateral simple episcleritis, one had bilateral nodular episcleritis, and six had unilateral simple episcleritis. The eye examination was otherwise normal and recovery was uneventful in all cases. Six of the nine children older than 5 years of age had one of the following rheumatologic diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathy, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatic fever, or polyarteritis nodosa. All three children younger than 5 years of age had simple episcleritis, an antecedent viral illness, and presented within 2 months of each other. CONCLUSIONS: Episcleritis is a rare occurrence in childhood, especially in children younger than 5 years of age. In older children, it is frequently associated with rheumatologic disease.     

Comparative surface thrombogenicity of implanted vascular grafts.

In order to study the comparative thrombogenicity of neointimal surfaces that develop with three types of vascular graft materials (ultralightweight knitted dacron, knitted dacron external velour, and expanded Teflon), 36 female mongrel dogs had their infrarenal aortas alternately replaced with one of the three grafts. At the end of 3 or 6 months, the grafts were removed and the surface thrombogenicity of the neointimal surface was determined. Each graft was examined visually and microscopically for evidence of “healing.” At 6 months the external velour graft is lined more frequently than the other two grafts. The external velour graft has a markedly better incidence of cellular healing noted microscopically than the other two grafts at both time intervals. While the expanded Teflon has an initially lower surface thrombogenicity (probably due to the characteristics of Teflon surface), at 6 months, the velour graft has the lowest surface thrombogenicity. This is most likely due to cellular healing. Of all the completely lined grafts at both time intervals, the surface thrombogenicity of the velour grafts was most like that of the normal aorta. The velour graft appears to develop the least thrombogenic neointimal surface while becoming most frequently healed with a cellular neointimal surface.