Minimum clinically important difference of the health-related quality of life scales in adult spinal deformity calculated by latent class analysis: is it appropriate to use the same values for surgical and nonsurgical patients?

BACKGROUND CONTEXT

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) parameters have been shown to be reliable and valid in patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD). Minimum clinically important difference (MCID) has become increasingly important to clinicians in evaluating patients with a threshold of improvement that is clinically relevant.

Changes in the SF-12 among Depressed Elders Six Months after Discharge from an Inpatient Geropsychiatric Unit

Using the SF-12 to measure physical and mental functioning, the authors examine the intra-individual changes in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) 6 months post-discharge for depressed older adults. In addition, they examine three sets of predictors that might influence these changes. The sample of depressed older adults was recruited from an inpatient geropsychiatry unit. Although their physical and mental health scores on the SF-12 were lower than comparable norms, the sample showed an average increase in their mental functioning but a decrease in the physical functioning over the 6 months. Negative life-events were significant predictors of people who reported no change in their mental health functioning and decreases in their physical health functioning. Interestingly, those who experienced positive life events were more likely to report declines and younger participants were more likely to report no change in their physical functioning. The findings indicate that the effects of depression on HRQOL can have enduring effects on a sample of previously hospitalized older adults. The significance of life event changes might signify the importance of taking into account non-traditional areas of medical interventions. Further, the findings indicate the usefulness of the SF-12 quantifying HRQOL outcomes.     

溴氰菊酯对白纹伊蚊（Aedesalbopictus）C6／36细胞株的细胞遗传学效应

本研究选择１０μｇ／ｍｌ、２０μｇ／ｍｌ、４０μｇ／ｍｌ浓度的溴氰菊酯处理白纹伊蚊Ｃ６／３６细胞，以ＭＭＣ作为阳性对照物，观察溴氰菊酯处理２４ｈ后对Ｃ６／３６细胞染色体畸变率和姐妹染色单体互换（ＳＣＥ）频率的影响。结果显示，三个浓度的溴氰菊酯对Ｃ６／３６细胞染色体畸变率均没有显著影响（Ｐ＜０．０５）；溴氰菊酯浓度在４０μｇ／ｍｌ时可诱导Ｃ６／３６细胞ＳＣＥ频率轻度增高（Ｐ＞０．０５），而溴氰菊酯浓度在１０μｇ／ｍｌ、２０μｇ／ｍｌ时，对Ｃ６／３６细胞ＳＣＥ频率没有诱导作用。表明溴氰菊酯对Ｃ６／３６细胞的遗传学效应较弱     

Plasminogen activator is involved in the hCG-induced neutrophil extravasation and vasopermeability increase in the rat testis

The role of proteolytic enzymes in the hCG-induced increase in testicular vasopermeability and neutrophil extravasation was studied using protease inhibitors. An intra-testicular injection of hCG together with incubation medium conditioned by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) caused a significant increase in vasopermeability and a coincident extravasation of PMN's from the postcapillary venules in the rat testis. When p-aminobenzamidine, a serine protease inhibitor which inhibits urokinase-type plasminogen activator, was administered together with hCG in the incubation medium, both the permeability increase and PMN extravasation were prevented. Aprotinin, another serine protease inhibitor, and Eglin C, a specific neutrophil elastase and cathepsin G inhibitor were, however, without effect. None of these inhibitors caused any non-specific vascular effects in the testis at the concentrations used. These results support the concept that the hCG-induced increase in vasopermeability in the rat testis is related to extravasation of PMNs and suggest that urokinase-type plasminogen activator is involved in migration of these cells through the postcapillary venular walls.     

不同起搏模式对病人生存质量影响的调查研究

[目的]探讨不同起搏模式对病人生存质量（QOL）的影响。[方法]以健康调查问卷（SF一36量表）对112例不同起搏模式病人进行问卷调查，比较3种起搏模式下病人的QOL水平。[结果]除机体疼痛、角色情绪2个维度外其余6个维度（生理功能、角色限制、活力、社会功能、精神健康、总体健康）3种起搏模式间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。[结论]应用AAI型、DDD型起搏器的病人生存质量优于VVI型起搏。     

电针足三里穴对人体幽门运动功能影响的研究

应用内镜测压术,检测电针足三里穴前后部分健康成人和胃、十二指肠疾病患者幽门括约肌压力参数变化。结果表明:电针足三里穴对幽门括约肌压力波参数的影响主要表现为升高低振幅波和降低高振幅波,与电针非经穴点的单纯抑制效应有显著区别。提示电针足三里穴有兴奋和抑制幽门括约肌功能的双相调节效应。     

间隙连接蛋白家族新成员Cx36

Cx36是哺乳动物间隙连接蛋白(connexin,Cx)家族γ亚类的第一个成员,它参与形成间隙连接,介导相邻细胞间的物质和信息的直接交换。间隙连接是神经系统构成电突触的结构基础,参与调控神经冲动信息的传递和复杂神经网络的整合,而Cx36是唯一一个在神经系统中优先表达的Cx,因此成为电生理研究领域的热点。就Cx36的发现过程、结构和定位进行了总结,并着重介绍它在神经系统中的功能和调节机制。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者外周血单个核细胞CD36 mRNA、血清ApoE水平对急性加重期发生的预测价值

目的：分析慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）白细胞分化抗原36（CD36）信使核糖核酸（mRNA）、血清载脂蛋白E（ApoE）水平对急性加重期发生的预测价值。方法：选取2021年6月-2022年5月在湖州市中心医院就诊的COPD患者96例,其中急性加重期COPD患者为AECOPD组（n=50）,稳定期COPD患者为稳定组（n=46）,选取健康人群40例为对照组。检测所有受试者血清炎性因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素（IL）-6、IL-1β、C反应蛋白（CRP）]、ApoE、肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量的比值（FEV1/FVC）、第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比（FEV1%pred）]和PBMCs中CD36 mRNA水平;分析COPD患者PBMCs中CD36 mRNA、血清ApoE水平与炎性因子、肺功能指标的相关性以及PBMCs中CD36 mRNA、血清ApoE对COPD患者急性加重期发生的预测价值。结果：对照组、稳定组、AECOPD组吸烟史比例、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、CRP、PBMCs中CD36 mRNA和血清ApoE水平依次升高,FEV1/FVC、FEV1%pred水平依次降低（P＜0.05）;COPD患者PBMCs中CD36 mRNA与血清ApoE水平呈正相关（P＜0.05）,COPD患者PBMCs中CD36 mRNA、血清ApoE水平均与血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、CRP呈正相关（P＜0.05）,与FEV1/FVC、FEV1%pred呈负相关（P＜0.05）;PBMCs中CD36 mRNA单独、血清ApoE单独、二者联合预测COPD患者急性加重期发生的曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.887、0.871、0.966,二者联合预测的AUC高于CD36 mRNA、ApoE单独预测的AUC（P＜0.05）。结论：COPD患者PBMCs中CD36 mRNA和血清ApoE均呈高表达,二者对COPD患者急性加重期发生具有一定的预测价值。     

Effects of theophylline,terbutaline, and prednisone on antigen-induced bronchospasm and mediator release

Eleven subjects demonstrating clinical, skin, and inhalation sensitivity to grass or ragweed pollen underwent serial inhalation challenges, with and without orally administered theophylline, terbutaline, and prednisone. Comparisons of antigen sensitivity and mediator release were made during these challenges. All three drugs significantly reduced antigen sensitivity (PD₂₀ inhalation units increasing from 670 to ≧ 3,280). Peak plasma histamine levels after antigen challenge decreased from 11.4 ng/ml to ≦ 3.4 ng/ml during all drug administrations. Similarly, the percent increase in serum neutrophil chemotactic activity (NCA) also decreased, from 96% to ≦ 36% during drug administrations. However, even at antigen doses resulting in bronchospasm during drug administration the systemic appearance of NCA and histamine were reduced. We conclude that prednisone, theophylline, and terbutaline significantly reduce antigen-induced bronchospasm and mediator release. The occurrence of bronchospasm despite the inhibition of histamine and NCA suggests either that the local concentration of these mediators are critical or that other mediators produce the bronchospasm observed.     

A trade-off in replication in mosquito versus mammalian systems conferred by a point mutation in the NS4B protein of dengue virus type 4

An acceptable live-attenuated dengue virus vaccine candidate should have low potential for transmission by mosquitoes. We have identified and characterized a mutation in dengue virus type 4 (DEN4) that decreases the ability of the virus to infect mosquitoes. A panel of 1248 mutagenized virus clones generated previously by chemical mutagenesis was screened for decreased replication in mosquito C6/36 cells but efficient replication in simian Vero cells. One virus met these criteria and contained a single coding mutation: a C-to-U mutation at nucleotide 7129 resulting in a Pro-to-Leu change in amino acid 101 of the nonstructural 4B gene (NS4B P101L). This mutation results in decreased replication in C6/36 cells relative to wild-type DEN4, decreased infectivity for mosquitoes, enhanced replication in Vero and human HuH-7 cells, and enhanced replication in SCID mice implanted with HuH-7 cells (SCID-HuH-7 mice). A recombinant DEN4 virus (rDEN4) bearing this mutation exhibited the same set of phenotypes. Addition of the NS4B P101L mutation to rDEN4 bearing a 30 nucleotide deletion (Delta30) decreased the ability of the double-mutant virus to infect mosquitoes but increased its ability to replicate in SCID-HuH-7 mice. Although the NS4B P101L mutation decreases infectivity of DEN4 for mosquitoes, its ability to enhance replication in SCID-HuH-7 mice suggests that it might not be advantageous to include this specific mutation in an rDEN4 vaccine. The opposing effects of the NS4B P101L mutation in mosquito and vertebrate systems suggest that the NS4B protein is involved in maintaining the balance between efficient replication in the mosquito vector and the human host.