非糖尿病老年患者术中血糖异常风险预测模型的构建及验证

目的 分析非糖尿病老年患者术中血糖异常的影响因素,构建列线图风险预测模型。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2021年3月—11月在北京市某三级甲等医院住院的607例非糖尿病老年手术患者作为调查对象,采用单因素分析和Logistic回归分析确定术中血糖异常的危险因素,建立风险预测模型并绘制列线图。采用受试者操作特征曲线（receiver operating characteristic,ROC）和Hosmer-Lemeshow检验验证模型预测效果,采用Bootstrap法对模型进行内部验证。结果 Logistic回归分析显示,麻醉类型、手术时间、进入手术室血糖、年龄是术中血糖异常的独立预测因素。建立术中血糖异常的预测公式如下：Logit P=-12.810+0.066×年龄+1.966×进入手术室血糖+0.008×手术时间-2.778×麻醉类型。ROC曲线下面积为0.815,最佳临界值为0.765。灵敏度和特异度分别为83.00%和67.00%。HosmerLemeshow检验的结果 为χ2=5.557(P=0.697),模型预测曲线与理想曲线拟合良好,表明模型具有良好的预测能力。外部验证表明...     

阻塞性黄疸术前经皮肝穿刺胆管引流对围手术期的影响

【Abstract】〓Objective〓To summarize the experience in treatment of the obstructive jaundice by preoperative percutaneous puncture of liver bile duct drainage. Methods〓Eight-six patients with obstructive jaundice were included and divided into two groups according to the operation procedure, 44 cases were given preoperative percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage(observation group) and then,.underwent internal or external drainage or radical operation,.42 cases were served as control group without preoperative percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage..Intraoperative blood loss, operative time,..hospital stay and complications were compared between two groups. The preoperative and postoperative liver function tests,such as total bilirubin(TB),.serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were evaluated and compared in two groups. Results〓The operation time,.blood loss,.length of hospital stay and complication rates between observation group were lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The levels of TB, ALT, AST in 14 days after operation reduced in two groups, but were significantly decreased in observation group,.as compared to control group (P<0.05). Conclusion〓For patients with obstructive jaundice, preoperative percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage would shorten the length of hospital stay,.reduce complications occurrence,.and improve liver function.