Postoperative development of sarcopenia is a strong predictor of a poor prognosis in patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction and upper gastric cancer

Background

There were few studies assessed the postoperative sarcopenia in patients with cancers. The objective of present study was to assess whether postoperative development of sarcopenia could predict a poor prognosis in patients with adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction, (AEG) and upper gastric cancer (UGC).

Prognostic impact of preoperative NLR and CA19-9 in pancreatic cancer

BackgroundRecently, several preoperative proinflammatory markers and nutritional factors such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and prognostic nutrition index (PNI) have been reported as significant predictor for poor prognosis of various malignant tumors. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic values of these preoperative parameters in patients with resectable pancreatic head cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent PD for pancreatic head cancer between 2007 and 2012. A total of 46 patients were enrolled in this analysis. Preoperative parameters such as CRP, CA19-9, NLR and PNI at the time of presentation were recorded as well as overall survival. Cancer specific survival was assessed using Kaplan–Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were applied to evaluate the prognostic relevance of preoperative parameters. The correlations between CA19-9 values, NLR and pathological findings, first recurrence site were respectively reviewed.ResultsIn multivariable analysis preoperative high NLR (≧2.7) and high CA19-9 (≧230) were independent prognostic factors for poor survival (P value: 0.03 and 0.025, respectively). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated the overall 2-year survival rate in patients with high NLR or high CA19-9 were 37.5% compared with 89.9% in patients with low NLR and low CA19-9.ConclusionPreoperative NLR and serum CA19-9 offer significant prognostic information associated with overall survival following PD in the patients with pancreatic head cancer.     

自制无针粉末注射给药系统药物导入率的体外评价

目的 建立体外吸收评价方法,考察自制无针粉末注射给药系统的给药性能。方法 以人体皮肤为研究材料,荧光素钠作为模型药物,高效液相-荧光法检测,以透皮吸收率为指标,采用正交试验设计优选无针粉末注射的载药喷射参数。结果 建立的方法分析时间小于3min,在0．2304-9．216ng范围内呈线性关系,绝对回收率大于99．8％,RSD〈0．8％;自制无针粉末注射给药系统的最高透皮吸收率可达到40％,超过普通透皮途经400倍以上,与国外同类产品的药物导入效率（33％）相当;正交试验分析表明气源压力、喷管型号、药物剂量、药粉粒径均对无针粉末注射的效果有影响。结论 建立的研究方法简便、快速、准确、可靠,可用于无针粉末注射系统的体外研究;自制无针粉末注射给药系统的药物导入效率较高,值得进一步推广应用。     

Musiktherapie bei Schmerzen

Selective listening of specific music or melody types with the ordering of vibration phenomena has been shown in scientific studies to produce a clear pain-relieving, psychologically stimulating and stress-reducing effect on living organisms. Therapeutically the decline in pain sensitivity and the suppression of treatment anxiety is significant.     

预后营养指数对癌症患者预后的临床意义

营养与免疫不仅能够影响肿瘤细胞的发生、侵袭，而且对治疗方案的选择及患者的预后评估具有重要的临床意义。近些年来，许多临床研究结果表明预后营养指数(prognostic nutritional index，PNI)对于评估癌症患者的生活质量及生存期具有重要的临床意义，而且PNI在肺癌、食管癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、卵巢癌等恶性肿瘤中预后评估价值已经得到临床研究证明。本文就PNI评估癌症患者预后的临床意义作一综述。     

Management of positive margins after initial lumpectomy in elderly women with breast cancer

Introduction

It is unknown whether the treatment disparity observed between young and elderly women extends to the management of positive margins after initial lumpectomy. The primary aim was to evaluate the management of positive margins after initial lumpectomy in elderly women.

Stress and coping: the psychoneuroimmunology of HIV/AIDS

A considerable body of evidence, reviewed in this chapter, suggests that psychosocial factors play an important role in progression of HIV infection, its morbidity and mortality. Psychosocial influences relating to faster disease progression include life-event stress, sustained depression, denial/avoidance coping, concealment of gay identity (unless one is rejection-sensitive), and negative expectancies. Conversely, protective psychosocial factors include active coping, finding new meaning, and stress management. In studying long survivors of HIV/AIDS, our group has found protective effects on health of life involvement, collaborative relationship with doctor, emotional expression, depression (conversely), and perceived stress (conversely). Reviewed and discussed are psychoneuroimmunological pathways by which immune and neuroendocrine mechanisms might link psychosocial factors with health and long survival. Finally, biological factors are also a major determinant of disease progression and include genetics and age of the host, viral strain and virulence, medication and several immune response factors on which psychosocial influences could impact.