Kluger's “Fixateur interne” for spinal instability

Kluger's Fixateur Interne proved to be an excellent tool not only in spinal trauma for repositioning of impacted fractures and transpedicular stabilization of the dorsal column but also in other forms of thoracic or lumbar instability.After spinal tumor excision from a dorsal approach and vertebral replacement with methylmethacrylate additional stability through dorsal fixation was achieved with this device.Spondylodiscitis, symptomatic spondylolisthesis, spinal instability from degenerative disc disease as well as nonunion following previous surgery could be cured using Kluger's internal fixation. Rare complications, i.e. from broken screws or rods (5%) caused no problems, but some patients required a second operation for readjustment of malpositioned screws which were causing pain or neurological deficit.     

Long‐term Radiological and Clinical Outcome after Lumbar Spinal Fusion Surgery in Patients with Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: A Prospective 6‐Year Follow‐up Study

ObjectiveTo assess which radiological alignment parameters are associated with a satisfactory long‐term clinical outcome after performing lumbar spinal fusion for treating degenerative spondylolisthesis.MethodsThis single‐center prospective study assessed the relation between radiological alignment parameters measured on standing lateral lumbar spine radiographs and the patient‐reported outcome using four different questionnaires (COMI, EQ‐5D, ODI and VAS) as primary outcome measures (level of evidence: II). The following spinopelvic alignment parameters were used: gliding angle, sacral inclination, anterior displacement, sagittal rotation, lumbar lordosis, sacral slope, pelvic tilt and pelvic incidence. Furthermore, the length of stay and perioperative complications were documented. Only cases from 2013 to 2015 of low‐grade degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (Meyerding grades I and II) were considered. The patients underwent open posterior lumbar fusion surgery by pedicle screw instrumentation and cage insertion. The operative technique was either a posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) or a transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) performed by three different senior orthopedic surgeons. Exclusion criteria were spine fractures, minimally invasive techniques, underlying malignant diseases or acute infections, previous or multisegmental spine surgery as well as preoperative neurologic impairment. Of 89 initially contacted patients, 17 patients were included for data analysis (11 males, six females).ResultsThe data of 17 patients after mono‐ or bisegmental lumbar fusion surgery to treat low‐grade lumbar spondylolisthesis and with a follow‐up time of least 72 months were analyzed. The mean age was 66.7 ± 11.3 years. In terms of complications two dural tears and one intraoperative bleeding occurred. The average body mass index (BMI) was 27.6 ± 4.4 kg/m² and the average inpatient length of stay was 12.9 ± 3.8 days (range: 8–21). The long‐term clinical outcome correlated significantly with the change of the pelvic tilt (r _s = −0.515, P < 0.05) and the sagittal rotation (r _s = −0.545, P < 0.05). The sacral slope was significantly associated with the sacral inclination (r _s = 0.637, P < 0.01) and the pelvic incidence (r _s = 0.500, P < 0.05). In addition, the pelvic incidence showed a significant correlation with the pelvic tilt (r _s = 0.709, P < 0.01). The change of the different clinical scores over time also correlated significantly between the different questionnaires.ConclusionsThe surgical modification of the pelvic tilt and the sagittal rotation are the two radiological alignment parameters that can most accurately predict the long‐term clinical outcome after lumbar interbody fusion surgery.     

椎弓根螺钉内固定联合后路椎间融合治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症疗效观察

目的回顾性分析38例椎弓根螺钉内固定联合后路椎间融合治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症病人的临床资料,评价椎弓根螺钉内固定联合后路椎间融合中的临床价值。方法38例病人,26～72岁,平均51.3岁。行腰椎后路病变节段脊柱附件切除椎管减压椎弓根螺钉内固定及椎间植骨融合术。平均随访4.7年。随访观察指标有JOA评分、植骨融合、临床症状缓解情况、并发症发生情况及病人满意度调查。结果所有患者临床症状都有不同程度的缓解。临床恢复率术后半年、术后1年及最终随访时分别为78.9%、92.1%和68.4%。最后1次随访的融合率达97.4%。2例未观察到可靠的融合,并在术后2年出现内固定的断裂而再次手术。围手术期并发症发生率为26.3%,远期并发症发生率为6.2%。病人满意率达94.7%。结论应用椎弓根螺钉内固定联合后路椎间融合治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症病人可以取得良好疗效。     

PLIF和TLIF手术疗效的比较

目的 对腰椎后路融合手术（posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF）和椎间孔椎间融合术（Transforminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion,TLIF）的手术疗效进行比较.方法 具有腰椎管减压、融合指征的233名腰椎退行性疾病患者,由相同的手术医生进行手术.PLIF172例,TLIF61例.采用VAS评分对患者术前、术后两周进行评价.同时对比两组患者的手术时间、术中出血、住院时间和手术费用.使用到的统计方法有两样本的t检验,重复测量的方差分析进行统计分析.结果 PLIF和TLIF组,两组中各有149例和39例进行了输血治疗,其中79例患者既输注了自体回收血,又榆注了异体血.TLIF组的出血量、输入异体血量、输入自体血量明显低于PLIF组.TLIF组的缓解率明显高于PLIF组.两组患者手术后的疼痛明显降低.两组术前腰腿痛的VAS评分比较无统计学意义.结论 两组患者术后疗效相当,手术出血输血量,TLIF组明显减少.     

阿仑膦酸钠与鲑鱼降钙素对腰椎后路椎间融合术后疗效的比较研究

【摘要】目的 探讨阿仑膦酸钠与鲑鱼降钙素对椎间融合临床疗效的差异。方法 回顾性分析我科自2010年9月~2012年8月间治疗168例腰椎管狭窄合并腰椎间盘突出症患者资料,所有患者均行椎弓根螺钉固定、后路椎间融合术。依照PLIF术后用药的不同将患者机分为阿仑膦酸钠组(A组,n=51),鲑鱼降钙素组(B组,n=52)和对照组(C组,n=65,不使用任何抗骨质疏松及补钙药物)。比较患者的基本情况、临床效果和影像学结果(融合率和手术节段椎间隙高度的变化)。结果 术后随访半年~2年1个月,平均18个月。A、B、C组三组的优良率分别为88.2%、88.5%、61.5%,A、B组优良率均较对照组明显提高,但A、B组间优良率差异无显著性意义;A组和B组在手术时间、失血量以及住院时间上差异也无显著性。术后1年随访时融合率A组为84.3%,B组84.6%,C组53.8%,A、B组均高于C组,A、B组间比较差异无显著性意义。三组患者术后椎间隙高度均有不同程度的丢失,A组1.1 (0.6~1.9)mm、B组1.1 (0.8~2.1) mm,两组间比较差异无显著性意义,但A、B组椎间隙高度丢失程度均较对照组C组4.0 (1.9~4.9) mm明显降低。结论 腰椎后路椎间融合术(PLIF)术后规范使用阿仑膦酸钠或鲑鱼降钙素能够获得令人满意的临床效果,具有较高的椎间植骨融合率及较少的椎间隙高度丢失。     

后路环周融合治疗老年人重度腰椎管狭窄症

[目的]探讨后路环周腰椎融合在老年人重度腰椎管狭窄症的应用和效果。[方法]2001年11月~2004年5月,采用后路腰椎间融合(PLIF)联合后外侧融合(PLF)的环周融合术治疗老年人腰椎管狭窄症83例。随访18~42个月,观察术后并发症,采用JOA评分评估治疗效果,X线片和CT判定植骨融合情况。[结果]术后所有患者12~14 d即可下地行走,3例出现症状性下肢深静脉血栓,10例腰腿痛一过性加重。末次随访腰腿痛明显缓解,JOA评分由术前平均(13.6±3.8)分改善至(22.3±4.6)分。椎间植骨均获骨性融合。[结论]后路环周融合术是治疗老年人重度腰椎管狭窄的安全、有效、合理的选择之一。     

下腰椎退变性滑脱手术治疗研究进展

治疗退变性腰椎滑脱症的常用术式为PLIF手术,手术节段椎间融合率高,术后患者临床疗效好但相邻椎间盘易退变导致邻椎病,进而影响远期疗效。腰椎不同节段行PLIF术后邻椎病的发生率不同,目前研究结论为L5～S1节段行PLIF术后邻椎病发病率最高。     

经后路椎体间植骨融合椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨经后路减压、椎间植骨融合加椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法本组患者35例，平均年龄59岁（49-68岁）。所有患者均行腰椎正侧位、动力位片和MRI或CI’检查。本组患者均为退变性腰椎滑脱症。滑移分度：Ⅰ°19例，Ⅱ°14例，Ⅲ°2例，其中L5/S1 27例，L4/5 8例。均表现为下腰痛，间歇性跛行或坐骨神经症状。35例全部采用后路去椎板减压、椎间融合器（Cage）植骨，椎弓根螺钉内固定术，并进行术前、术后功能和症状评分。结果随访12-35个月，平均23个月，依据x线片和临床症状恢复情况，本组患者均获骨性融合，JOA评分术前平均16．25±1．06分，术后平均24．78±1．27分，两者差异有显著性（P〈0．01），优良率94．3％。结论后路减压、椎间融合器植骨加椎弓根螺钉内固定是治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症的一种安全有效的方法，临床疗效满意。     

后路经腰椎体间融合术的微创技术改良

目的:探讨采用一个切口单侧减压加对侧肌间隙入路的微创经椎间孔椎体间融合术(minimal invasive transforaminal lumbarinter bodyfusion,MIS-TLIF)治疗下腰椎疾患的临床疗效。方法:收集本院84例下腰椎退变疾病患者资料,其中53例采用MIS-TILF,31例采用传统后路经腰椎体间融合术(posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF)。分析比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术中术后并发症、术前和术后1 d肌酸激酶值、术前和末次随访时VAS评分及ODI评分。结果:MIS-TLIF组平均手术时间和术中出血量分别为(131.5±21.0)min、(330.6±57.6)m L;PLIF组为(148.3±27.3)min、(460.1±96.4)m L,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。MIS-TLIF组并发症发生率及感染率显著低于PLIF组(P<0.05)。两组在术前和术后1 d CPK值、术前VAS、ODI评分及末次随访ODI评分方面差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但末次随访VAS评分MisTLIF组显著优于PLIF组(P<0.05)。结论:应用单侧减压加对侧肌间隙入路的改良TLIF手术治疗腰椎退变性疾病具有微创、出血少、手术时间短、并发症低、医患辐射少、无需特殊器械等优点,是一种安全有效的微创术式。     

后路椎体间植骨融合术治疗下腰椎不稳

目的探讨后路椎体间植骨融合术治疗下腰椎不稳的手术技术并评价其应用价值.方法对明确诊断为下腰椎不稳的32例患者进行后正中入路下的椎管狭窄减压手术,椎弓根螺钉植入并行椎间隙撑开,双侧切除椎间盘保留侧方以及前方的纤维环,刮除终板的软骨层,植入足量的松质骨以及椎板切除物,最后植入双条三面皮质骨的髂骨块,椎弓根螺钉系统加压固定.结果平均手术时间,平均失血量较常规手术无显著差别.28例获得手术后的3个月随访,原有的神经压迫症状大部恢复,行走距离增加最为明显.椎间高度术前2.8～6.7mm,平均高度4.2mm,术后椎间高度11.8～14.3mm,平均12.6mm.在3个月随访时平均高度为10.8～13.2mm,平均11.6mm.椎间孔3个月后较术前增加6mm.27例显示椎间隙的活动度小于2°,椎体与植骨块交界处无透亮区.1例植骨块吸收,但症状改善.最常见的并发症为脑脊液漏和神经根牵拉刺激,最终缓解.结论后路椎体间植骨融合术结合椎弓螺钉系统固定治疗下腰椎不稳满足充分减压,即刻的腰椎稳定性的重建以及长期可靠骨性融合治疗的基本要素.