Phototherapy and PUVA photochemotherapy in children

The use of phototherapy and photochemotherapy in children has been limited due to concerns over their long-term carcinogenic potential. Furthermore, the method of administration is disconcerting to some children, particularly as phototherapy treatment units are seldom rendered 'child-friendly'. Despite these reservations, ultra-violet therapies can be useful treatment options for children with selected dermatological conditions provided they are used under carefully controlled conditions.     

Oral Budesonide as a Therapy for Protein‐Losing Enteropathy in Patients Having Undergone Fontan Palliation

Background. Protein‐losing enteropathy is associated with Fontan palliation for single‐ventricle physiology and has been difficult to treat. Limited data suggest the successful use of oral budesonide (Entocort, AstraZeneca) as a palliative measure. Methods. We examine our single‐institution retrospective experience in eight patients who were treated with this therapy. Results. Median pretherapy albumin level was 1.7 g/dL (range 1.0–2.7 g/dL), 3 months after therapy was 3.1 g/dL (range 2–4.8 g/dL), and by the end of the first year was 3.4 g/dL (range 2.1–5.3 g/dL). All patients had at least a transient improvement, and at latest follow‐up (median 29 months, range 3–51 months) five patients remain on therapy. Five of eight patients had required pretherapy albumin transfusions; one patient required albumin infusions after therapy. Four patients had side effects associated with the medication. Conclusions. Oral budesonide is an additional therapy that has the potential to improve symptoms and delay need for heart transplantation in this patient population.     

PLE in the analysis of plant compounds. Part I. The application of PLE for HPLC analysis of caffeine in green tea leaves

A broad spectrum of sample preparation methods is currently used for the isolation of pharmacologically active compounds from plant and herbal materials. The paper compares the effectiveness of infusion, microwave assisted solvent extraction (MASE), matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) and pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) as sample preparation methods for the isolation of caffeine from green tea leaves. The effect of PLE variables, such as extraction temperature, pressure and time, on the yield of caffeine from the investigated matrix is discussed.

The obtained results revealed that PLE, in comparison with other sample preparation methods applied, has significantly lower efficacy for caffeine isolation from green tea leaves. The evaluation of PLE conditions leads to the conclusion that elevated pressure applied in the PLE process is the factor hindering the extraction.     

Fontan术后蛋白丢失性肠病的机制和治疗研究综述

蛋白丢失性肠病（PLE）是Fontan术后的并发症之一,Fontan术后出现PLE提示预后不良。目前无特异有效的治疗方法。本综述通过分析PLE的病理生理、肠系膜病理解剖、治疗有效病例的特征,探讨PLE发生的机制,分析Fontan术后出现PLE的危险因素并提出治疗建议。     

Cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis (CMUSE) in a man with a diagnosis of X-linked reticulate pigmentary disorder (PDR)

Cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis (CMUSE) is a rare syndrome characterized by episodes of intestinal suboclusion caused by intestinal stenosis with superficial ulceration. Histological findings in the cases described in the literature are similar, even though they are not specific. The cause of the syndrome is as yet unknown. We report on the case of a 25-year-old male with a protein losing enteropathy (PLE) in the context of the CMUSE syndrome. At a later date the patient was also diagnosed with an X-linked recessive reticulate pigmentary disorder (PDR). The clinical features and tests which led to the diagnosis are described. The reported cases of CMUSE and of the gastrointestinal symptoms in the three families with PDR are reviewed in order to search for an association between these two entities. To date, there is no evidence to ascertain whether these two rare syndromes observed in the same patient are related or coincidental.     

椎弓根器械复位固定后两种不同融合方法对腰椎峡部裂型滑脱的疗效比较

目的观察比较椎弓根器械复位固定后两种不同融合法PLF与PLIF对峡部裂型滑脱的疗效。方法Ⅱ度以内腰椎峡部裂型滑脱共47例,一组22例,椎弓根器械复位固定后行PLF(PLF组);另一组25例,椎弓根器械复位固定后行PLIF(PLIF组)。对两组的临床疗效(ODI评分)、X线影像学结果(包括:滑脱矫正、滑脱节段椎间隙高度改变、滑脱节段前突角改变及骨融合)及并发症进行对比观察。结果术后即刻X线影像学结果,包括:滑脱矫正、滑脱节段椎间盘高度、滑脱节段前突角,两组间无显著差异(P>0.05);术后2年随访时,滑脱矫正及滑脱节段椎间隙高度的维持上PLIF组优于PLF组(P<0.05),骨融合率及滑脱节段前突角两组间无显著差异(P>0.05),但两组间临床疗效(ODI评分)及并发症发生率无显著差异(P>0.05),内固定失败率PLF组高于PLIF组。结论椎弓根器械复位固定并PLF与PLIF都是治疗Ⅱ度以内腰椎峡部裂型滑脱的有效方法,PLIF在对滑脱矫形的维持及结构的稳定上具有优越的力学性能,PLF后期易出现矫正丢失及内固定失败,但临床疗效不受明显影响。     

PLE在体表海绵状血管瘤硬化治疗中的应用

目的探讨平阳霉素碘化油乳剂在体表海绵状血管瘤硬化栓塞治疗中的应用及价值。方法将临床疑似血管瘤经MRI确诊并定位后,通过头皮针经皮血管穿刺,往瘤腔内注入硬化剂;约3 w后MRI或DSA复查,碘化油沉积不理想者再行栓塞治疗;所有病例采用电话随访3个月。结果22例血管瘤硬化栓塞治疗术均顺利完成。复查显示除1例效果不佳外,其余21例瘤体缩小明显,临床症状减轻或消失,有效率达95.5%;随访期间未出现严重并发症、病灶无复发或增大。结论平阳霉素碘化油乳剂对体表海绵状血管瘤的治疗具有确切的疗效,其手术操作简单、用药总量少、副反应少、安全性高,是一种值得推广应用的治疗方法。     

pH-Dependent Photophysical Properties of Metallic Phase MoSe2 Quantum Dots

Fluorescence properties of quantum dots (QDs) are critically affected by their redox states, which is important for practical applications. In this study, we investigated the optical properties of MoSe₂-metallic phase quantum-dots (MoSe₂-mQDs) depending on the pH variation, in which the MoSe₂-mQDs were dispersed in water with two sizes (Φ~3 nm and 12 nm). The larger MoSe₂-mQDs exhibited a large red-shift and broadening of photoluminescence (PL) peak with a constant UV absorption spectra as varying the pH, while the smaller ones showed a small red-shift and peak broadening, but discrete absorption bands in the acidic solution. The excitation wavelength-dependent photoluminescence shows that the PL properties of smaller MoSe₂-mQDs are more sensitive to the pH change compared to those of larger ones. From the time-resolved PL spectroscopy, the excitons dominantly decaying with an energy of ~3 eV in pH 2 clearly show the shift of PL peak to the lower energy (~2.6 eV) as the pH increases to 7 and 11 in the smaller MoSe₂-mQDs. On the other hand, in the larger MoSe₂-mQDs, the exciton decay is less sensitive to the redox states compared to those of the smaller ones. This result shows that the pH variation is more critical to the change of photophysical properties than the size effect in MoSe₂-mQDs.