网状减张小切口缝合法提高大鼠背部张力皮瓣存活机制

Foropenseverewoundandthewoundafterdebridement,mostscholarsthinkthewoundshouldbeclosedindelayedfirst-phase.Meshrelaxingshortincision(MRSI)methodcanclosemoreskindeficiencyandhightensionopenwound,andavoidsubcutaneoushematomaandskinflapdrift.Intheexperiment,theexperimentalmodelonrattensionskinflaphasbeeninvolved,andthecontentofendothelin(ET)inratskinflaptissuehasbeenmeasuredinvariousperiodofwoundhealingaftermeshedrelaxingshortincisionsuturewithimmunohistochemistry,inordertodiscussprobablemechani…     

Nocturnal penile tumescence as a biologic marker in assessing erectile dysfunction

Recent findings challenge the belief that most cases of impotence are psychogenic. Research indicates that nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) can be viewed as a biologic marker for physiologic erectile capacity. Thus, the test can help to distinguish between physicogenic and psychogenic impotence. To determine proximal causes of erectile failure, other evaluations are easily performed during NPT monitoring.     

Detection of radiolabelled bone marrow cells bearing surface ace immunoglobulins by combined autoradiography and immunoperoxidase

A method is described for the simultaneous detection of radiolabelled bone marrow cells bearing surface immunoglobulins by combined autoradiography and immunoperoxidase. Bone marrow cells from normal CBA mice prelabelled in vivo with ¹²⁵IUDR or exposed in vitro to [³H]thymidine were incubated with rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulins under capping conditions, washed, cytocentrifuged and treated with methanol and hydrogen peroxide to destroy endogenous peroxidase. Cells were then covered with peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulins, washed, treated with diaminobenzidine a and hydrogen peroxide and finally covered with autoradiographic stripping film and exposed for different times. Peroxidase-positive cells were typically capped and those radiolabelled had autoradiographic silver grains overlying the nucleus.     

Ability of rosetting or non-rosetting individual control and inflammatory macrophages to kill Escherichia coli X43 intracellularly

An autoradiographic method combined with a rosette technique was used to assess the bactericidal activity of individual control and inflammatory peritoneal macrophages (PM phi) in the presence or absence of expression of Fc receptor for IgG (FcR). There was a lack of FcR reactivity in a certain percentage of both categories of PM phi exposed to E. coli X43, a bacterium which is readily phagocytosed in the presence of specific antibody. Both rosetting and non-rosetting PM phi were capable of phagocytosing E. coli X43, but inflammatory PM phi showed a marked reduction in their capacity to ingest these bacteria compared with control PM phi. Once ingested the E. coli X43 were killed equally well by non-rosetting and rosetting control and inflammatory PM phi.     

Biosynthesis of two stage-specific membrane proteins during transformation of Plasmodium gallinaceum zygotes into ookinetes

We have studied the synthesis and expression of surface proteins in zygotes of Plasmodium gallinaceum during their transformation to mature ookinetes. The cells were biosynthetically labelled in vitro using [35S]methionine and proteins were immunoprecipitated with rabbit anti-ookinete serum or monoclonal antibodies. Early zygotes (approx. 2 h post-gametogenesis and fertilization) synthesized and expressed on their surface a protein of Mr 26 000 as observed under reducing conditions on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS-PAGE) (31 000 under non-reducing conditions) and continued to do so for 8-10 h; thereafter synthesis of the Mr 26 000 protein declined and little or none was synthesized in the mature ookinetes (greater than 20 h post-gametogenesis). Between 3-5 h post-gametogenesis, zygotes also began to synthesize a protein of Mr 28 000 (34 000 under non-reducing conditions). Synthesis and expression of this surface protein continued throughout development; and the Mr 28 000 protein was the predominant surface protein synthesized by the mature ookinete. Mr 26 000 and Mr 28 000 proteins have been designated earlier as PgO-1 and PgO-2 respectively (Carter and Kaushal, Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. (1984) 13, 235-241). Neither protein was synthesized in the gametocytes prior to gametogenesis. Both proteins could be labelled with [3H]glucosamine or [3H]mannose. When zygotes were incubated with [3H]palmitic acid both PgO-1 and PgO-2 bound fatty acids in covalent linkage. The two proteins do not otherwise appear to be structurally related. They were differentially immunoprecipitated by different monoclonal antibodies and gave rise to distinct patterns of peptides following digestion with proteases such as Staphylococcus aureus V-8, trypsin and chymotrypsin.     

The Association between Nutritional Status and In-Hospital Mortality among Patients with Heart Failure—A Result of the Retrospective Nutritional Status Heart Study 2 (NSHS2)

Background: A nutritional status is related to the prognosis and length of hospitalisation of patients with heart failure (HF). This study aims to assess the effect of nutritional status on in-hospital mortality in patients with heart failure. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study and analysis of medical records of 1056 patients admitted to the cardiology department of the University Clinical Hospital in Wroclaw (Poland). Results: A total of 1056 individuals were included in the analysis. A total of 5.5% of patients died during an in-hospital stay. It was found that in the sample group, 25% of patients who died had a BMI (body mass index) within the normal range, 6% were underweight, 47% were overweight, and 22% were obese. Our results show that non-survivors have a significantly higher nutrition risk screening (NRS) ≥3 (21% vs. 3%; p < 0.001); NYHA (New York Heart Association) grade 4 (70% vs. 24%; p < 0.001). The risk of death was lower in obese patients (HR = 0.51; p = 0.028) and those with LDL (low-density lipoprotein) levels from 116 to <190 mg/dL (HR = 0.10; p = 0.009, compared to those with LDL <55 mg/dL). The risk of death was higher in those with NRS (nutritional risk score) score ≥3 (HR = 2.31; p = 0.014), HFmrEF fraction (HR = 4.69; p < 0.001), and LDL levels > 190 mg/dL (HR = 3.20; p = 0.038). Conclusion: The malnutrition status correlates with an increased risk of death during hospitalisation. Higher TC (total cholesterol) level were related to a lower risk of death, which may indicate the “lipid paradox”. Higher BMI results were related to a lower risk of death, which may indicate the “obesity paradox”.     

中国成年居民营养补充剂的消费现状

目的:分析我国成年居民使用营养补充剂的现状,为有针对性地制定干预策略和相关政策提供基础资料。方法:使用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查数据,对53159名18岁及以上居民的营养补充剂使用率及其中钙制品、铁剂、维生素和其他保健食品的使用率进行分析。结果:我国18岁及以上居民营养补充剂的使用率为5.1%,其中钙制品、铁剂、维生素和其他保健食品的使用率分别为3.4%、1.3%、2.4%和2.2%。营养补充剂的使用率表现为城市高于农村,女性高于男性,60岁及以上年龄组、45-59岁年龄组、18-44岁年龄组使用率依次降低。结论:我国成年居民中使用营养补充剂尚不普遍。     

RFH-NPT与NRS-2002在肝硬化住院患者营养风险评估中的应用比较

目的:比较皇家自由医院-营养优先次序工具(RFH-NPT)与营养风险筛查2002(NRS-2002)对肝硬化患者营养风险评估的应用效果。方法:收集肝硬化住院患者213例,进行一般信息登记与访谈、人体测量、生化学检查,并对每位患者采用RFH-NPT与NRS-2002工具进行营养风险评分。结果:RFH-NPT、NRS-2002分别筛选出62.91%(134/213)、53.05%(113/213)的肝硬化患者存在营养风险;RFH-NPT对肝硬化住院患者营养风险筛出率显著高于NRS-2002(χ~2=4.249,P=0.039)。营养风险随着疾病严重程度加重而随之升高,在Child C级患者中,RFHNPT对营养风险的筛出率(88.46%,69/78)高于NRS-2002(67.95%,53/78)(χ~2=9.628,P=0.002)。结论:RFH-NPT在肝硬化住院患者的营养风险筛选中优于NRS-2002。