后牙大面积缺损椅旁CAD/CAM即刻修复效果

目的 观察牙体大面积缺损在根管治疗后,采用椅旁Cerec AC CAD/CAM即刻修复全瓷的短期临床效果。方法 选择大面积缺损的后牙,经完善根管治疗后牙体预备,通过应用Cerec AC椅旁CAD/CAM系统制作全瓷高嵌体,即刻上釉染色,双固化树脂水门汀粘接。即刻和6个月后评估全瓷修复的临床效果。结果 椅旁CAD/CAM系统制作的修复体外形全部达到A类标准,其他指标均超过90%,患者满意度高。结论 Cerec AC椅旁CAD/CAM系统快捷方便,能为后牙牙体缺损提供高质量、高美学的修复体。     

关节镜下胫骨Inlay技术重建后十字韧带的近期疗效

 目的 探讨关节镜下胫骨Inlay技术双束重建后十字韧带（posterior cruciate ligament,PCL）的近期疗效。方法 2007年3月至2009年9月,采 用关节镜下胫骨Inlay技术行双束PCL重建且随访超过1年的PCL损伤患者17例,男16例,女1例;年龄19~54岁,平均25岁。术前Lysholm膝关节评分（53.4±2.1） 分;国际膝关节评分委员会（International Knee Documentation Committee,IKDC）分级C级7例,D级10例;后抽屉试验阳性17例。术中采用自行设计的胫骨 后方倒打隧道钻具系统制作限深骨隧道。随访时行膝关节X线摄片和螺旋CT检查,观察嵌入骨栓的位置和愈合情况。末次随访时评估Lysholm膝关节评分、IKDC分 级及后抽屉试验,比较与术前的稳定性差异。结果 17例患者均获得随访,随访时间12~28个月,平均17.8个月。末次随访时Lysholm膝关节评分（93.5±1.7）分 ,与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.016）;IKDC分级A级15例、B级2例,与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.021）;后抽屉试验阴性15例,弱阳性2例。术后 12周X线片和螺旋CT示嵌入骨栓的位置满意,愈合良好。结论 胫骨后方倒打隧道钻具系统可以准确制作限深骨隧道,创伤小,使用这种钻具系统的PCL重建术近 期疗效好。     

SiO2/Poss树脂嵌体的微渗漏研究

目的:用SiO₂/Poss复合树脂嵌体和3种临床常见树脂嵌体修复牙体组织,观察边缘微渗漏情况,为临床工作提供选择依据。方法:将32颗离体前磨牙按嵌体备洞原则制备V类洞,随机分为4 组,每组8颗。分别用SiO₂/Poss, Z250,Z350,BeautifulⅡ树脂制作嵌体, 冷热循环和品红染色处理后,剖开牙体。体视显微镜观察每组嵌体龈壁和牙合壁的微渗漏最显著部位,测量3次取平均值。结果:SiO₂/Poss复合树脂嵌体边缘微渗漏深度最小。结论:SiO₂/Poss可以作为临床嵌体材料的选择。     

INFLUENCE OF POST-CURE TREATMENTS ON HARDNESS AND MARGINAL ADAPTATION OF COMPOSITE RESIN INLAY RESTORATIONS: AN IN VITRO STUDY

Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Vickers hardness number (VHN) and the in vitro marginal adaptation of inlay restorations of three hybrid composite resins (Filtek Z250, Opallis and Esthet-X) subjected to two post-cure treatments.

Material and Methods:

For the microhardness test, three different groups were prepared in accordance with the post-cure treatments: control group (only light cure for 40 s), autoclave group (light cure for 40 s + autoclave for 15 min at 130°C); and microwave group (light cure for 40 s + microwave for 3 min at 450 W). To assess the marginal adaptation, the composite resin was inserted incrementally into a mesial-occlusal-distal cavity brass mold and each increment light-cured for 40 s. A previous reading in micrometers was taken at the cervical wall, using a stereomicroscope magnifying glass equipped with a digital video camera and image-analysis software. Subsequently, the specimens were subjected to the post-cure treatments (autoclave and microwave) and a reading was taken again at the cervical wall. Data were compared using ANOVA for the hardness test, split-plot ANOVA for the adaptation assessment and Tukey''s test for multiple comparisons. A significance level of 5% was adopted for all analyses.

Results:

The post-cure treatments increased the hardness of conventional composites (p<0.001) and the gap values of inlay restorations (p<0.01). Filtek Z250 showed higher hardness (p<0.001) and lower gap values than Opallis and Esthet-X (p<0.05). Gap values did not exceed 90 μm for any of the experimental conditions.

Conclusion:

The post-cure treatments increased the VHN and the gap values on the cervical floor of composite resin inlays. Moreover, Filtek Z250 showed the best results, with higher hardness and lower gap values.     

Clinical study of indirect composite resin inlays in posterior stress-bearing cavities placed by dental students: results after 4 years

Objectives

This longitudinal randomized controlled clinical trial evaluated the longevity of composite resin inlays in single- or multi-surface cavities up to 4 years.

Methods

21 dental students placed 75 Artglass and 80 Charisma composite resin inlays in class I and II cavities in posterior teeth (89 adult patients) luted with dual-curing resin cements. Clinical evaluation was performed up to 4 years using modified USPHS criteria.

Results

87.2% of Artglass and 76.6% of Charisma inlays were assessed to be clinically excellent or acceptable. Up to the 4-year recall 5 Artglass and 11 Charisma inlays failed mainly because of postoperative symptoms, bulk fracture, and loss of marginal integrity. No significant differences between both composite resin materials could be detected at 4 years for all clinical criteria (Mann-Whitney U-test, p > 0.05). The comparison of restoration performance with time yielded a significant increase in marginal discolouration and postoperative symptoms (p < 0.05), deterioration of surface texture quality, marginal and restoration integrity (p < 0.05) for both inlay systems. However, the changes were mainly effects of scoring shifts from alfa to bravo. Small inlays compared to large inlays and premolar restorations compared to molar restorations showed significant better outcome for some of the tested clinical parameters for the Artglass inlays (p < 0.05). For Charisma inlays no such influences were revealed.

Conclusions

Clinical assessment of Artglass and Charisma composite resin inlays exhibited an annual failure rate of 3.2% and 5.9% that is within the range of published data. Within the limitations of this study indirect composite inlays are a competitive restorative procedure in stress-bearing preparations.     

Marginal breakdown of 5-year-old direct composite inlays

Objectives: The marginal fit of tooth-coloured inlays luted with composite resin luting materials has been considered to be the weak link of the inlays. The marginal breakdown of 5-year-old direct composite resin inlays was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy.

Methods: Replica impressions were made of the occlusal, axial-proximal and accessible cervical-proximal margins of 21 inlays and the marginal quality was quantified.

Results: More than 84% of the total investigated length of the enamel/luting composite agent-luting composite/composite inlay interfaces revealed gap free margins. Proximal margins showed the largest breakdown at the enamel/composite resin interface, while the occlusal margin interfaces showed only a slight difference between the interfaces. The composite inlay and the luting composite resin showed a similar degree of wear in more than 50% of the evaluated marginal length. Medium gap width varied between 60 μm for the occlusal and axial-proximal and 87 μm for the cervical-proximal margins, with a range of 7.6–266 μm.

Conclusion: The direct composite inlays investigated showed good marginal integrity after 5 years in clinical service.     

A 2-year clinical study of composite and ceramic inlays

Objective long-term clinical data are necessary to evaluate the performance of dental restorations. This prospective clinical trial evaluated composite and ceramic inlays for clinical acceptability as restorative materials in posterior teeth and provided 2-year results. The study involved 7 student operators placing 47 composite inlays (Tetric, blend-a-lux, Pertac) and 24 ceramic inlays (Empress) under the supervision of an experienced dentist. Clinical assessment of 56 inlays (78.9%) was performed after 2 years with modified USPHS criteria and statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher’s exact test. All the ceramic inlays and 90% of the composite inlays were considered clinically excellent or acceptable. During the first year 3 composite inlays failed and during the second evaluation period 1 had to be replaced. Ceramic inlays produced significantly better ”anatomic form of the surface” (P=0.038) and ”integrity of the restoration” values (P=0.043). Inlays in small cavities exhibited superior ”marginal integrity” (P=0.026) and ”marginal discoloration” values (P=0.034). Fisher’s test revealed a significantly higher failure rate in molars than in bicuspids (P=0.034). Posterior tooth- colored inlays exhibited a success rate of 100% for ceramic inlays and 90% for composite inlays even if placed by relatively inexperienced but supervised student operators. Received: 4 June 2000 / Accepted: 3 August 2000     

Clinical and quantitative marginal analysis of feldspathic ceramic inlays at 4 years

The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate feldspathic ceramic inlays both by clinical criteria and quantitative margin analysis in continuation of an earlier, identically conducted 2-year study. Fifty feldspathic ceramic inlays were adhesively luted in Class II preparations with all margins located in enamel. The inlays were evaluated clinically according to modified USPHS criteria after 3 and 4 years. Quantitative margin analysis was performed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Clinically, the inlays showed no recurrent caries and no changes in colour, but superficial marginal discolouration (6%) was apparent after 4 years. Margins were perceptible clinically in 64% of the cases after 4 years. Quantitative margin analysis showed significantly more marginal gaps at the composite/ceramic interface than at the enamel/composite interface. There was neither a significant decrease in perfect margins nor a significant increase in marginal gaps and marginal imperfections at both interfaces between the third and fourth year. Clinically, the inlays performed very well up to 4 years. Clinical evaluation using an explorer only detected substance loss in the cementation gap. The SEM evaluation showed significantly higher changes in marginal qualities during the first 2-year interval of clinical service compared to the second 2-year interval following an exponential mathematical regularity. Quantitative margin analysis should be included in clinical long-term trials to detect early marginal deficiencies at the luting interfaces. Received: 1 September 1997 / Accepted: 31 October 1997     

Clinical and semiquantitative marginal analysis of four tooth-coloured inlay systems at 3 years

Objectives: The marginal quality of four tooth-coloured inlay systems was clinically investigated and subjected to computer-aided semiquantitative marginal analysis under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after 3 years of clinical service.

Methods: Three of the restoration types were made using the Cerec CAD-CAM apparatus: one was milled from preformed glass ceramic blocks, and the two other inlay types were milled from preformed porcelain blocks. The fourth system was based on an experimental indirect resin composite inlay system. Each inlay type was luted with a different luting resin composite. The clinical evaluation was performed with a mirror and explorer by two clinicians separately, and the marginal analysis was conducted microscopically on replicas (SEM × 200).

Results: After 3 years in situ, all the restorations were clinically acceptable. No recurrent caries was observed. Marginal analysis under SEM detected a high percentage of submargination for all four systems, which suggests that their respective resin composite luting agents were all subject to wear. The percentage of marginal fractures on the enamel side as well as on the inlay side did not increase dramatically compared to the 6-month results.

Conclusion: The first recall after 6 months of clinical service indicated how tooth-coloured inlays behave at their margins. The 3-year results confirmed the early findings, indicating that wear of resin composite lutes is important and present in all systems. The two ceramic materials showed a similar behaviour at the margins. The resin composite inlay performed better at the inlay site than at the enamel site.     

全瓷嵌体修复后牙牙体缺损166例疗效分析

目的:全瓷嵌体修复后牙牙体缺损166例,分析其临床疗效.方法:全瓷嵌体应用于后牙牙体缺损修复,并与复合树脂嵌体作对照,从边缘着色、边缘密合度、解剖形态、基牙继发龋、修复体折裂、颜色匹配等方面进行比较.结果:经过3年的临床观察,全瓷嵌体在边缘着色、基牙继发龋、解剖形态、颜色匹配等方面的临床疗效优于复合树脂嵌体.结论:全瓷嵌体是一种较好的新型牙体缺损修复体.