冰微粒致孔制备聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)多孔支架

目的以冰粒子为致孔剂,用粒子滤出—冷冻干燥复合工艺制备PHB多孔支架。方法本实验以氯仿为溶剂,将PHB溶液浇入预先排列好的冰微粒空隙中,采用真空渗流方法制备冰微料-PHB复合体,液氮冷却成型后,用粒子滤出—冷冻干燥复合工艺制备多孔支架。通过扫描电镜(SEM)观测,研究该制备工艺对支架形貌的影响。结果制备的块状三维多孔支架孔径可调、孔隙结构良好、孔隙连通度高。结论本文工艺所制备的多孔支架无致孔剂残留,孔隙率高,孔隙连通度高,制备过程不会损害材料的生物相容性,可安全地用于组织工程可降解聚合物多孔支架的制备。     

可切削渗透陶瓷玻璃料对不同堆积密度氧化铝基体的渗透

探讨了可切削渗透陶瓷 (Infiltration of Machinable- infiltrated- ceramic,MIC)渗透玻璃在不同堆积密度氧化铝基体中的渗透情况及渗透后复合体的颜色表达。在 110 0℃保温 2 h,将玻璃渗透到不同堆积密度的氧化铝基体中 ,分别测得其渗透深度和颜色参数。扫描电镜观察玻璃—氧化铝复合体断面。玻璃渗透深度的平方与氧化铝堆积密度有直线负相关关系 ,最小渗透深度为 3.0 92 m m。复合体的颜色系数与氧化铝堆积密度无相关性。渗透复合体在断裂过程中可见 :裂纹偏转、晶体拔出和穿晶断裂。本实验证实 MIC渗透玻璃的渗透性能达到临床要求。渗透后的复合体颜色稳定 ,强度可靠     

DCC基因蛋白在大肠癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨DCC基因在大肠癌中的蛋白表达及其生物学行为的关系.方法应用免疫组化方法检测46例大肠癌及相应癌旁正常组织和41例正常人大肠组织的DCC基因蛋白表达.结果正常大肠粘膜组织全部表达,大肠癌组织部分表达,阳性率为28%(13/46),两组差异显著(P＜0.01),且与肿瘤浸润转移(Dukes分期)及分化程度有明显相关(P＜0.05),5例伴肝转移组织全部表达缺失.结论DCC基因与大肠癌的发生发展有关,与其浸润转移(Dukes分期)呈负性相关.DCC基因蛋白表达可作为形态学之外判断大肠癌生物学行为的一种指标.     

Is the IV obstructed or infiltrated? A simple clinical test

Objective. The objective of our study was to determine if clinical observation of pressure-flow relationships (PFR) can differentiate between partial external obstruction (obstruction) and infiltration as a cause of poor performance of gravity-fed infusions.Methods. A total of 24 patients with functional intravenous cannulae in situ had obstruction simulated by the application of a tourniquet proximal to the cannula. The change in flow (F) for a discrete change in pressure (P) was determined in each case by counting drop rates at two different elevations of the fluid reservoir level, 10 cm apart. The same process was repeated in 15 patients in whom the cannula was in an extra vascular location (infiltration). Three sizes of cannula—16-gauge, 18-gauge, and 20-gauge—were examined, with equal distribution of sizes in each group. The effect on flow rates of inflating a blood pressure (BP) cuff proximally on the cannulated limb was assessed. The ratio P/F is the total resistance of the infusion system, and by subtracting known values for resistance of infusion tubing and cannula, the venous or tissue resistance was calculated.Results. There was a statistically significant difference between the change in flow for obstructed compared with infiltrated cannulae for the same change in pressure for each cannula size. The mean venous resistance was 23 mm Hg/L/hr, while that of tissue was 280 mm Hg/L/hr, with no overlap between groups. There was no effect on flow rate with blood pressure cuff inflation in the infiltrated group whereas flow progressively fell in the obstructed group.Conclusions. Clinical observation of PFRs in poorly functioning gravity-fed IV infusions can assist in detecting infiltration as a cause. Inflation of a blood pressure cuff will further impair flow where the cannula is intravascular, but will have no effect in an extravascular location.     

EGFR与HER2对非小细胞肺癌的预后观察

目的:探讨传统的非小细胞肺癌预后因素与表皮生长因子等生物学新预后因素结合对非小细胞肺癌的预后作用.方法:复习116例非小细胞肺癌手术病例临床病理资料及随访资料,观察常规HE染色切片判断血管浸润及淋巴管浸润,用免疫组化法测定病灶的EGFR、HER2的表达,再用Cox模型进行生存分析.结果:NSCLC组EGFR、HER2、BVI、LVI的阳性表达率分别为42.24%、43.10%、44.83%、31.90%.BVI阴、阳性组术后生存期比较P=0.006,无瘤生存期比较P=0.001;LVI阴、阳性组术后生存期、无瘤生存期比较P分别为0.239和0.048;EGFR阴、阳性组术后生存期、无瘤生存期比较P分别为0.117及0.217;HER2阴、阳性组术后生存期、无瘤生存期比较P分别为0.073和0.053.进入影响生存期多因素模型的为N分期、HER2、TNM分期及手术方式(P分别为0.006、0.01、0.019和0.022).结论:13项临床病理和生物因素结合起来进行多变量Cox回归分析,影响生存期的因素为:N分期、HER2、TNM分期及手术方式.影响无瘤生存期的因素为:BVI、TNM分期和N分期.     

血管内皮生长因子与大肠癌侵袭转移的相关性研究

目的:探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)基因在大肠癌组织中的表达及其与大肠癌发生转移的关系。方法:采用定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(QRT-PCR)方法,检测45例结直肠癌手术切除标本的癌和切端结肠组织VEGFmRNA的转录水平,同时用免疫组化方法检测VEGF的蛋白表达水平。结果:大肠癌组织中VEGFmRNA及其蛋白的表达阳性率明显高于切端结肠组织。大肠癌组织中VEGFmRNA转录水平及蛋白表达水平与肿瘤的浸润程度、淋巴结转移、Dukes’分期呈明显的正相关(P<0.01),与肿瘤的分化程度等无显著相关性(P>0.05)。结论:VEGF在大肠癌浸润和转移过程中发挥重要作用,肿瘤血管生成与大肠癌浸润和转移关系密切。VEGF可能具有预测大肠癌转移的作用。     

成纤维细胞特异蛋白-1在肺癌中的表达及其临床生物学意义

目的研究成纤维细胞特异蛋白-1(S100A4)在人肺癌中的表达及其临床生物学意义,探讨其在肺癌侵袭和转移中的作用。方法采用S-P免疫组化法检测50例肺癌及6例正常肺组织中S100A4的表达水平。结果S100A4在肺癌中表达显著高于正常肺组织;非小细胞肺癌中表达明显高于小细胞肺癌(P<0.05);腺癌中表达明显高于鳞癌(P<0.05)。S100A4表达与非小细胞肺癌临床病理特征关系密切,在有淋巴结转移组与无转移组中两者均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在肺癌不同临床TNM分期中,S100A4阳性表达随临床分期的升高而明显增加,各期间均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。S100A4阳性率随肺癌细胞分化程度的降低也有升高趋势,但差异无统计学意义。S100A4表达与肿瘤大小有密切的正相关关系,随肿瘤体积的增大,S100A4的阳性率升高(P<0.05)。结论S100A4与肺癌的侵袭和转移有密切的关系,可以作为评估肺癌病人预后的重要指标。     

Traitement de la gonarthrose du jeune sportif

In the practice of sports, it is the traumatisms more than the over-sollicitation that induce arthrosis. The main principles of rehabilitation rest upon the conservation of range motion, decompression of the knee, muscular renforcement but also the control of overweight in the same time as the control of statical disorder by plantar orthesis. It seems important to distinguish two groups of arthrosis: the synovial manifestation in arthrosis for which the insers of NSAI in first intention seems logical (ponctions and local injection of corticoid) and the arthrosis with major bone manifestations (with the help of images) should be considered as a real osteo-chondral disease. It is theses types without swelling that the visco-induction should be used.