Correction of hallux valgus deformity with distal soft tissue realignment and proximal metatarsal osteotomy

Abstract Fifty moderate to severe hallux valgus deformities were corrected with a distal soft tissue realignment and proximal crescentic metatarsal osteotomy. With an average follow-up of 5.6 years, 40 feet (80%) were pain free and 42 (84%) caused no functional limitation. The average hallux valgus angle improved from 38.2° preoperatively to 12.4° at follow-up. The average intermetatarsal angle improved from 15.4° to 6.8°. The arch of motion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint was 75° preoperatively and 62° at follow-up. According to the AOFAS scoring system, 29 results (58%) were excellent, 14 (28%) good, 2 (4%) fair and 5 (10%) poor. The 5 poor results were attributed to recurrence of hallux valgus (2 cases), stiffness (1), hallux varus (1) and malunion of the osteotomy in dorsiflexion (1). The incidences of hallux varus and malunion in dorsiflexion were 8% and 14%, respectively. This technique is valuable in correction of moderate to severe hallux valgus deformities.     

Mitchell手术治疗拇外翻畸形的改进

目的　采用改进的Mitchell术式矫正拇外翻畸形。方法　对Mitchell术式进行改进 ,术中缩短第 1跖骨 ,内侧舌状骨瓣旋后外翻嵌入截骨近端髓腔 ,拇收肌联合腱移位于第 1跖骨头外侧 ,并松解第 1跖趾外侧关节囊等综合整形。结果　共 63例 (1 0 1足 )应用Mitchell术式并得到 2年以上的随访 ,总优良率达 91 % ,疗效满意。结论　本术式针对拇外翻畸形的病理解剖及其症状多方面矫正 ,使术后的外形和功能得到全面改善 ,可同时适用中老年患者     

Metatarsal and phalangeal double osteotomy of the first shaft in the treatment of hallux valgus

Numerous surgical techniques have been proposed for the surgical treatment of hallux valgus. Some of them only concern soft tissues; others combine a surgery on the soft tissues with a procedure on the bone structures. The technique we present combines a basimetatarsal valgization by subtractive external osteotomy with a wide metatarso-phalangeal freeing. The basimetatarsal osteotomy allows to correct the deformities in the three planes of space. The basi phalangeal osteotomy is not systematic but is proposed in case of severe hallux valgus, superior to 45° or in case of hallomegalia (gigantism of hallux).     

医原性(足母)内翻的外科治疗

目的探讨医原性躅内翻矫形手术治疗的经验与防治方法。方法1989年7月至2005年5月治疗医原性躅内翻27例（28足），男4例（4足），女23例（24足）；年龄24～62岁，平均51.3岁。采用Hiss手术13例（14足）、myerson手术10例（10足）、跖骨远端截骨术4例（4足）。术前对每个病例进行临床、x线片与CT检查，分析其躅内翻的发病原因。术后对所有病例进行随访，按美国足踝外科协会maryland百分制评分系统，对疼痛、功能、体征进行评分。结果27例（28足）获得随访，随访时间1年～17年2个月，平均5．7年。术前评分平均为52．4（41～57）分，术后平均为89（64～100）分。疗效优13足（46_4％），良11足（39．3％），可4足（14-3％），优良率85．7％。施行Hiss手术者中1例术后13年发生蹿长伸肌腱轻度挛缩，采用myerson手术者术后背伸较术前平均减少9.5°（8°。～12．5°。）。医原性躅内翻的发生原因有5个，其中最常见的是在躅外翻矫形时跖骨头内侧骨赘切除过多，本组有14足（50％），然后依次为内侧关节囊过度重叠紧缩缝合5足（17．9％），矫形时过度纠正IMA4足（14-4％），术后长时期固定3足（10．8％），术后躅趾外展与内收肌力失衡2足（6．9％）。结论躅外翻矫形并发躅内翻最常见的原因是对跖骨头内侧骨赘切除过多。术者在治疗医原性躅内翻时，应根据各个病例的不同情况选择不同的术式进行治疗。采用Hiss、Myerson软组织重建术与Chevron跖骨远端截骨术矫正医原性跨内翻切实可行、疗效可靠。     

Simultaneous bilateral hallux valgus surgery: Percutaneous or conventional? Early results of a matched study from a tertiary institution

BackgroundHallux valgus is bilateral in up to 84 % of cases. In the setting of simultaneous bilateral correction, we aim to evaluate if minimally invasive percutaneous surgery (MIS) provides any advantage compared to conventional open surgery.Methods52 feet (26 patients) undergoing simultaneous bilateral MIS surgery were matched by severity of deformity to 52 feet (26 patients) undergoing simultaneous conventional open surgery. Patients were followed for a minimum of six months. Pre- and post-operative radiographs and clinical records were reviewed.ResultsThere were no significant differences in pre-operative function or pain between both groups. Post-operatively, the mean hallux valgus angle (HVA) was significantly lower in the MIS group. (HVA MIS – 8.6; Open – 11.8, P = 0.013). There were no significant differences in post-operative outcome and patient satisfaction between both groups.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that simultaneous bilateral MIS hallux valgus surgery can be considered for patients with bilateral symptomatic hallux valgus.     

Distal oblique osteotomy versus cheilectomy for moderate-advanced hallux rigidus: A 2-year propensity-score-matched study

BackgroundThe surgical treatment of moderate-advanced hallux rigidus is controversial. Cheilectomy is widely used but has recurrence rates of up to 30%. Dorsal oblique metatarsal osteotomy (DOO) has also shown good results, however, there is no study comparing outcomes of the DOO against cheilectomy.MethodsThis was a retrospective propensity score matched study based on registry data from a single tertiary institution. Between 2007 and 2017, all patients who had undergone dorsal cheilectomy or DOO for hallux rigidus were included. Patients with previous foot surgery, revision surgeries, and concomitant surgical procedures were excluded. Clinical outcomes, complication rates, revision rates and patient satisfaction were assessed at 2 years postoperatively.ResultsThere were 44 patients (34 cheilectomy, 10 DOO). After propensity score matching, 17 cheilectomy and all 10 DOO cases were selected for comparison. Patients in both groups had a significant improvement in visual analogue pain scores (VAS) and AOFAS 1st toe scores 2-years post-operatively (P < 0.001) with high levels of post-operative satisfaction (85.1%). Overall there were no statistically significant differences in post-operative scores, improvement in scores, complication rates, revision rates, and levels of patient satisfaction between groups.ConclusionsBoth the DOO and cheilectomy give similarly good outcomes for moderate-advanced hallux rigidus. Further studies are needed to elucidate differences in indications for each procedure.     

Vascular anatomy of the first metatarsal bone and surgical implications according to the severity of hallux valgus deformity: A cadaveric study

BackgroundVascular injury after hallux valgus surgery is a rare condition but serious complications can ensue.MethodsWe performed an anatomical study using 26 cadaveric lower extremities. We enhanced first metatarsal bone’s (FMB) vascularization by injecting latex. Each specimen was classified according to the severity of hallux valgus deformity (HVD). Then we measured two distances: one between the first tarsometatarsal joint (FTMJ) to the first dorsal branch’s origin, the other between the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP) to the dorsal plexus’s origin.ResultsThe distance between the FTMJ and the first dorsal branch to the FMB ranges from 10 mm in normal feet to 15 mm in severe deformed feet. The distance between the MTP and the dorsal plexus’ origin ranges from 20 mm in normal feet to 25 mm in severe deformed feet.ConclusionsUnderstanding the foot’s vascular anatomy has allowed us to adapt surgical landmarks to the severity of the HVD and to avoid post-operative complications.     

Chevron截骨术对外翻足关节接触特征影响的生物力学研究

目的 探究Chevron截骨术截骨远端外侧位移距离对外翻足关节接触特征的影响,为临床上选择合适的位移距离提供参考依据。方法 测量踝关节中立位状态下正常足、外翻足及外翻足Chevron截骨术截骨远端分别向外侧位移2.0、4.0、6.0 mm后前足、中足和后足各关节接触力、峰值压强和接触面积,并对结果进行分析。结果 与正常足相比,外翻足第1跖楔关节（t=-3.33, P=0.02）、跟骰关节（t=-2.74, P=0.03）和距下关节（后关节面）（t=-2.89, P=0.03）的接触力显著增高;外翻足距舟关节（t=-2.73, P=0.03）与跟骰关节（t=-2.74, P=0.03）的峰值压强显著增高;行Chevron截骨术后,随着截骨远端向外侧位移距离的增加,外翻足第1跖楔关节和跟骰关节的接触力逐渐减小;外翻足距舟关节和跟骰关节的峰值压强逐渐减小。结论 中度外翻足行Chevron截骨术后,当第1跖骨截骨远端向外侧位移6 mm时能有效恢复部分关节间力的分布,且能缓解部分关节局部应力集中现象。     

微创截骨手法整复术治疗拇外翻

目的:探讨微创截骨手法整复术治疗拇外翻的临床疗效.方法:自2018年1月至2019年5月采用微创截骨手法整复术治疗拇外翻患者31例(42足),其中男3例,女28例;年龄18～76(50.1±4.9)岁.观察并比较手术前后拇外翻角(hallux valgus angle,HVA),第1,2跖骨间角(inter metat...