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排序方式: 共有813条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Kevin Kyung Ho Choi Santosh Sanagapalli 《World journal of gastrointestinal oncology》2022,14(3):568-586
Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Progression to cancer typically occurs in a stepwise fashion through worsening dysplasia and ultimately, invasive neoplasia. Established EAC with deep involvement of the esophageal wall and/or metastatic disease is invariably associated with poor long-term survival rates. This guides the rationale of surveillance of Barrett’s in an attempt to treat lesions at an earlier, and potentially curative stage. The last two decades have seen a paradigm shift in management of Barrett’s with rapid expansion in the role of endoscopic eradication therapy (EET) for management of dysplastic and early neoplastic BE, and there have been substantial changes to international consensus guidelines for management of early BE based on evolving evidence. This review aims to assist the physician in the therapeutic decision-making process with patients by comprehensive review and summary of literature surrounding natural history of Barrett’s by histological stage, and the effectiveness of interventions in attenuating the risk posed by its natural history. Key findings were as follows. Non-dysplastic Barrett’s is associated with extremely low risk of progression, and interventions cannot be justified. The annual risk of cancer progression in low grade dysplasia is between 1%-3%; EET can be offered though evidence for its benefit remains confined to highly select settings. High-grade dysplasia progresses to cancer in 5%-10% per year; EET is similarly effective to and less morbid than surgery and should be routinely performed for this indication. Risk of nodal metastases in intramucosal cancer is 2%-4%, which is comparable to operative mortality rate, so EET is usually preferred. Submucosal cancer is associated with nodal metastases in 14%-41% hence surgery remains standard of care, except for select situations. 相似文献
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A short-term estrogen test was used to obtain a correct cytologic diagnosis in 73 patients with an equivocal atrophic cellular pattern. Overestimation in cytodiagnosis was markedly eliminated, and the correct cytologic diagnosis was made in 81% of the cell samples after the estrogen test. The purpose of this study was not only to confirm the usefulness of the short-term estrogen test, but also to observe the cytomorphologic changes before and after the test. Thick cytoplasm, vacuoles in the cytoplasm, and a distinct cell border increased, while the amorphous chromatin pattern was eliminated after the estrogen test. Maturation of atypical cells in cases of dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive squamous-cell carcinoma was investigated before and after the estrogen test. Although malignant cells were not influenced by estrogen, maturation of dysplastic cells was induced after the test. 相似文献
4.
P. Hermanek 《Surgical endoscopy》1986,1(1):5-10
Summary The term dysplasia is used increasingly in gastrointestinal pathology. Dysplasia denotes an unequivocal neoplastic epithelial alteration without invasive growth and is synonymous with the term intraepithelial neoplasia. Dysplasia is the paradigm of a precancerous lesion. Confusion arises because some pathologists do not use the term in the above-defined sense but to describe regenerative, inflammatory and reactive changes. It is essential to separate these kinds of non-neoplastic epithelial changes from neoplastic dyplasia because the clinical consequences are completely different. The general morphology and the grading of dysplasia are described. Most dysplasias in the gastrointestinal tract are the polypoid lesion; dysplasias in flat mucosa are uncommon. Knowledge of the incidence of dysplasia in the gastrointestinal tract is important for the concept of secondary cancer prevention. 相似文献
5.
p53基因突变与肺癌发生的早期遗传学损害 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
在进行肺癌与p53基因关系的系列研究过程中,发现1例支气管粘膜上皮不典型增生和1例原位癌,运用免疫组织化学方法进行p53蛋白表达检测,结果发现支气管上皮不典型增生和原位癌组织中有明显的p53蛋白阳性染色细胞,从而进一步证实了p53基因突变可能是肺癌发生的早期遗传学损害。 相似文献
6.
目的:探讨性分化和发育异常的临床特点,并对腹腔镜在治疗中的应用进行评价。方法:对我院13例行腹腔镜切除性腺的性分化和发育异常病例资料进行分析。结果:13例均为女性外阴,含有Y染色体或Y的成分,性腺位于腹腔内或腹股沟内,4例为条索状原始性腺,9例为睾丸。3例有始基子宫和输卵管。性激素水平符合绝经期表现。11例经腹腔镜完成手术,2例转传统手术,手术后1~2天出院。结论:含有Y染色体或Y成分的性腺位于腹腔或腹股沟内并且丧失正常功能,是手术切除的指征,腹腔镜手术具有微创和术后恢复快的优势。 相似文献
7.
A. Sayan S. Wijesinghe S. Paraneetharan V. Ilankovan 《The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery》2018,56(1):60-63
Actinic keratosis, leukoplakia, carcinoma in situ, and superficially invasive carcinomas of the lower lip are caused mainly by the cumulative effects of exposure of the vermilion of the lower lip to ultraviolet radiation. Current treatments all have limitations: cryosurgery or electrosurgery is suitable to treat only focal lesions; topical chemotherapy, which is an option for diffuse actinic damage, yields unreliable results; and laser treatment fails to rejuvenate the vermilion. However, “lip shave”, which involves full-thickness excision of the damaged vermilion and reconstruction with an advancement labial mucosal flap, will produce a fresh mucosal lining to the vermilion border. We describe our experience of the technique and evaluate the functional and aesthetic outcomes in 20 patients treated between January 2011 and January 2016. The follow-up period ranged from 24 to 60 months. Three-quarters of the patients had dysplasia or superficially invasive malignancy. Resected lesions were about 63 mm long, 13.7 mm wide, and 3.9 mm deep. No patients had recurrence or secondary lesions during follow up, functional disturbance was minimal, and the cosmetic outcome pleasing. Lip shave can efficiently reconstruct the vermilion of the lower lip with minimum deformity. 相似文献
8.
《Surgical pathology clinics》2014,7(3):307-319
This review discusses the pathology of non-neoplastic kidney disease that pathologists may encounter as nephrectomy specimens. The spectrum of pediatric disease is emphasized. Histopathologic assessment of non-neoplastic nephrectomy specimens must be interpreted in the clinical context for accurate diagnosis. Although molecular pathology is not the primary focus of this review, the genetics underlying several of these diseases are also touched on. 相似文献
9.
《Acta oto-laryngologica》2012,132(4):118-122
We report a case of cemento-ossifying fibroma (COF) involving the maxillary and sphenoid sinuses and review the literature in order to study the clinical features, imaging findings and histopathologic characteristics of COF. Special care was taken to distinguish this lesion from cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD). It is almost inevitable that differential diagnosis of COD and COF will be complicated by the fact that some pathologic features are shared by both lesions. A combined study incorporating clinical, radiographic and pathologic findings is important in order to ensure an accurate diagnosis. Postoperative follow-up is essential, especially in cases where incomplete removal of the COF was performed. 相似文献
10.