前列腺素E2对肾小球系膜细胞分裂原活化蛋白激酶的抑制作用

通过对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞分裂原活化蛋白激酶、ｃ－ｆａｒ－１及ｒａｓ癌基因活性的测定，发现具有酶氨酸蛋白激酶受体的生长因子可刺激三者快速激活，而蛋白激酶Ｃ活化物华醇已酯虽可以激活分裂原活化蛋白激酶，但对ｃ－ｒａｆ－１没有作用。     

地诺前列酮与缩宫素用于足月妊娠引产效果的临床观察

目的：观察分析地诺前列酮与缩宫素用于足月妊娠引产效果的临床效果和安全性。方法选取108例足月妊娠引产产妇,随机分为观察组和对照组,各54例。分别给予地诺前列酮和缩宫素引产。观察比较两组的引产效果。结果在宫颈Bishop评分、12 h临产率、24 h临产率、总有效率、阴道分娩率方面比较,观察组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义。在不良反应、新生儿结局方面比较,差异无统计学意义。结论地诺前列酮用于足月妊娠引产效果的临床效果较好,安全性较高,值得推广。     

地诺前列酮栓用于足月引产的临床评价

目的：研究地诺前列酮栓（欣普贝生）用于足月引产的有效性及安全性。方法：选取140例有引产指征的单胎初产妇,按照随机数字表法分为研究组（欣普贝生治疗组）64例和对照组（缩宫素治疗组）76例。比较两组孕妇用药后促宫颈成熟有效率、引产效果、分娩情况、新生儿情况及不良反应。结果：研究组促宫颈成熟的总有效率为93.75%,对照组为75.00%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。从开始用药至临产的时间研究组显著短于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。研究组的阴道分娩率为70.31%,对照组为47.37%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组产后出血量和新生儿窒息率比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。欣普贝生的主要副作用是子宫过度刺激,发生率为3.12%。结论：地诺前列酮栓（欣普贝生）促宫颈成熟效果优于缩宫素,可安全、有效地用于足月引产。     

Efficacy and safety of six hourly vaginal misoprostol versus intracervical dinoprostone: a randomized controlled trial

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of intravaginal misoprostol versus dinoprostone cervical gel for cervical ripening and labour induction. Methods We carried out an experimental clinical trial in which we enrolled 130 cervical consecutive patients with cervical ripening, randomly assigned to one of the following two treatment groups: (1) intravaginal misoprostol and (2) intracervical dinoprostone gel. A total of 50 μm of misoprostol was placed in the posterior vaginal fornix every 6 h for a maximum period of 24 h and 0.5 mg of dinoprostone was administrated in the uterine cervix every 6 h, for a maximum period of 24 h. The primary outcome measure was the number (rate) of women who went to vaginally deliver within 24 h of the protocol initiation. Results Among 130 patients evaluated, 65 were allocated to the misoprostol group and 65 to the dinoprostone group. The proportion of vaginal delivery within 24 h was significantly higher in the misoprostol group (75%) than in the dinoprostone group (53.8%) (RR = 1.40, 95% CI [1.07–1.45], P = 0.02). There was no significant difference between the mean time interval of delivery in the misoprostol group and the dinoprostone group (14.9 vs.15.8 h) (P = 0.51). The Bishop score was significantly higher in the misoprostol group, 6 h after the onset of the study (1.38; relative risk, 95% CI [1.02–1.85], P = 0.03). The Caesarean delivery rate for fetal distress was higher in the dinoprostone group (21 vs. 10.8%, P = 0.15). The tachysystole (Misoprostol 6.1% vs. dinoprostone 4.6%, relative risk 1.15, 95% CI [0.6–2.24]) and hyperstimulation syndrome rates (Misoprostol 7.6% vs. dinoprostone 4.6%, relative risk 1.26, 95% CI [0.72–2.24]) were slightly increased in the misoprostol group than in the dinoprostone group without reaching the level of statistical signification. Conclusion Misoprostol as used in this protocol is more effective than cervical dinoprostone gel application in the cervical ripening and labour induction. There is a tendency for an increase in the rate of tachysystole and hyperstimulation syndrome.     

Concurrent oxytocin with dinoprostone pessary versus dinoprostone pessary in labour induction of nulliparas with an unfavourable cervix: a randomised placebo-controlled trial

Objective  To compare concurrent oxytocin with dinoprostone pessary versus dinoprostone pessary in labour induction for nulliparas with an unfavourable cervix.
Design  A randomised double-blind study.
Setting  University Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia.
Population  Nulliparas at term with intact membranes, Bishop score ≤ 6 and admitted for labour induction.
Methods  All women received 3 mg dinoprostone pessary for labour induction. Those randomised to the oxytocin arm received oxytocin infusion started at 1 mu/minute and doubled every 30 minutes to a maximum 16 mu/minute. Women assigned to placebo received identical volume of saline infusion. After 6 hours, infusion was stopped and vaginal reassessment performed to guide further management.
Main outcome measures  Primary outcome was vaginal delivery within 24 hours.
Results  Concurrent oxytocin infusion with dinoprostone pessary did not significantly increase vaginal delivery rate within 24 hours (48.6 versus 35.9%; P = 0.07, relative risk [RR] 1.4 [95% CI 1.0–1.9]). It reduced the requirement for repeat dinoprostone (37.1 versus 61.2%; P = 0.001, RR 0.61 [95% CI 0.45–0.81]) and improved maternal satisfaction with the birth process (median score of 3 versus 5 on a 10-point visual analogue scale, P = 0.007). Caesarean rates were not different (41.9 versus 44.7%, P = 0.52).
Conclusions  Labour induction with concurrent oxytocin infusion and vaginal dinoprostone could be considered for nulliparas with an unfavourable cervix. Larger studies are needed.     

Benefits of Self-administered Vaginal Dinoprostone 12 Hours before Levonorgestrel-releasing Intrauterine Device Insertion in Nulliparous Adolescents and Young Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Study ObjectiveTo assess safety and efficacy of self-administered vaginal dinoprostone 12 hours before a 52-mg levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) insertion in adolescents and young nulliparous women.DesignRandomized controlled trial.SettingTertiary referral hospital.ParticipantsNulliparous adolescents and young women aged 18-22 years.InterventionsParticipants were randomly assigned into 2 groups; the dinoprostone group (n = 65) received dinoprostone 3 mg vaginally, and the placebo group (n = 65) received placebo tablets vaginally.Main Outcome MeasuresPrimary outcome was pain scores during LNG-IUD insertion measured using a visual analogue scale. Secondary outcomes were pain scores during speculum insertion, tenaculum placement, uterine sounding, and 20 minutes postprocedure, ease of insertion, Women's satisfaction score, need for additional analgesics, and side effects.ResultsThe dinoprostone group had significantly lower pain scores during LNG-IUD insertion (2.83 ± 1.08 vs 3.95 ± 1.63), tenaculum placement (2.97 ± 1.41 vs 4.55 ± 1.53) and sounding of uterus (3.55 ± 1.71 vs 5.12 ± 1.37) compared with the placebo group (P < .001). No significant differences were found between both groups regarding anticipated pain scores (P = .85), pain during speculum insertion and 20 minutes postinsertion and insertion duration (P = .53). Women's satisfaction, provider reported ease of insertion, and need for additional analgesia were significantly better among dinoprostone users (P < .001, < .001, and .02, respectively). Side effects and procedure complications were similar for the 2 groups.ConclusionSelf-administered dinoprostone 3 mg vaginally 12 hours before a 52-mg LNG-IUD insertion in nulliparous adolescent and young women effectively reduced pain during insertion and increased women's satisfaction and ease of insertion reported by clinicians.     

Comparative Efficacy of Vaginal Misoprostol vs Vaginal Dinoprostone Administered 3 Hours Prior to Copper T380A Intrauterine Device Insertion in Nulliparous Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Study ObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of misoprostol and dinoprostone tablets administered vaginally 3 hours before copper intrauterine device (IUD) insertion vs placebo in reducing pain and increasing ease of insertion among nulliparous women.DesignRandomized controlled trial.SettingTertiary referral hospital.ParticipantsA total of 129 nulliparous women requesting a Copper T380A IUD insertion.InterventionsWomen were randomized to receive 200 μg misoprostol or 3 mg dinoprostone or placebo 3 hours before IUD insertion.Main Outcome Measure(s)Primary outcome was patient-reported pain during IUD insertion using a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes include provider ease of insertion, women satisfaction level, and side effects.ResultsParticipants' baseline characteristics were comparable between the study groups. Mean pain score during IUD insertion was lower with misoprostol than placebo (3.1 ± 2.3 vs 4.4 ± 2.2; P = .02) and dinoprostone compared to placebo (2.4 ± 1.8 vs 4.4 ± 2.2; P < .001). Clinicians reported easier IUD insertion with misoprostol than placebo (2.4 ± 1.7 vs 4.0 ± 2.4; P = .001) and dinoprostone compared to placebo (2.0 ± 1.5 vs 4.0 ± 2.4; P < .001). Women's satisfaction levels were higher with both misoprostol and dinoprostone than placebo (P < .001). Side effects did not differ among the 3 study groups.ConclusionsPremedication with vaginal misoprostol or dinoprostone effectively lowered pain during copper IUD insertion. However, the reduction in pain scores was clinically significant only in women who received dinoprostone. In both the misoprostol and dinoprostone groups, clinicians found the procedure easier, and women were more satisfied with IUD insertion. Side effects and complications were similar in all groups.     

热损伤对人皮肤成纤维细胞氧化应激的影响

目的探讨体外培养人皮肤成纤维细胞热损伤后氧化应激及前列腺素E2（PGE2）分泌的变化及其可能的机制。方法体外培养人皮肤成纤维细胞,制作热损伤模型后分为损伤组、DPI预处理组、NAC预处理组三组,以未受热损伤细胞作为对照组。CCK8比色法检测细胞增殖。荧光探针法及化学发光法观察细胞内活性氧（ROS）含量和NADPH氧化酶（Nox）活性变化,EIA检测上清液中PGE2的变化。半定量RT—PCR法检测人皮肤成纤维细胞表达的Nox亚型的mRNA水平。Westernblot法检测热损伤后Noxl蛋白水平的变化。结果热损伤明显抑制人皮肤成纤维细胞的增殖;热损伤后即刻细胞内ROS含量和Nox活性明显升高,在4h后二者均抵达峰值,而DPI预处理组ROS含量和Nox酶活性明显低于损伤组（P〈0．叭或P〈0．05）;热损伤后细胞分泌PGE2明显增高（P〈0．01）,而DPI预处理组和NAC预处理组均显著低于损伤组（P〈0．01）。RT—PCR结果提示正常人皮肤成纤维细胞表达Noxl、Nox3和Nox4三种亚型,三者表达量无明显差异（P〉0．05）。Westernblot结果显示热损伤后不同时间点Noxl的蛋白表达量逐渐升高。结论热损伤可明显抑制人皮肤成纤维细胞增殖并诱导Nox活性升高和Noxl蛋白表达增高,从而使细胞内ROS量升高,进一步引起PGE2分泌增多。     

地诺前列酮用于足月妊娠促宫颈成熟及引产的临床观察

目的:探讨地诺前列酮-控释前列腺E2栓剂用于足月妊娠促宫颈成熟的有效性及安全性。方法:将135例足月妊娠孕妇随机分为两组,研究组90例,在阴道后穹隆放置地诺前列酮1枚(10mg);对照组45例,给予蒂洛安200mg/d静推3天,促宫颈成熟,3天后用2.5U催产素静滴,比较两组产妇的宫颈Bishop评分、分娩情况和引产成功率。结果:研究组促宫颈成熟效果明显优于对照组(P<0.01),临产发动时间、破膜时间均短于对照组(P<0.01),引产成功率高于对照组(P<0.01),剖宫产率低于对照组(P<0.05);两组临产至分娩时间、产后出血、胎儿窘迫及新生儿窒息无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:地诺前列酮能有效的促宫颈成熟及引产,可安全的用于临床。     

Oral misoprostol versus intracervical dinoprostone for induction of labor.

OBJECTIVES: To compare oral misoprostol with dinoprostone for induction of labor and their effects on the fetal heart rate patterns. METHODS: In a randomized controlled trial, 200 patients received either misoprostol 50 mug orally for every 4 h, or dinoprostone 0.5 mg intracervically for every 6 h. Cardiotocographic recordings, in 10-min windows 30, 60, and 80 min after prostaglandin administration during induction and continuously during labor, were compared between the two groups. Primary outcome for effectiveness and safety was assessed in terms of the number of vaginal deliveries within 24 h and fetal heart rate abnormalities during induction and labor respectively. RESULTS: Data from 96 patients in the misoprostol group and 95 in the dinoprostone group were analyzed. There were no significant differences in respect of the number of vaginal deliveries within 24 h (RR 1.12; 95% CI 0.88-1.42). The frequency of suspicious and pathological fetal heart rate patterns did not differ significantly but significantly more cardiotocographs in the dinoprostone group had non-reassuring baseline variability 60 min after dose administration (RR 0.33; 95% CI 0.14-0.77). Maternal and neonatal outcomes did not differ significantly. CONCLUSION: Oral misoprostol is as effective as intracervical dinoprostone for induction of labor with no difference in the frequency of fetal heart rate abnormalities.