Developing an Educational Framework for Urological Nursing: Using a World Café approach to gain an emerging international understanding of issues,challenges and responses

A series of three World Café events centred on the topic of developing an Educational Framework for Urological Nursing [EFUN] were held by the British Association of Urological Nurses [BAUN], the European Association of Urology Nurses [EAUN] and the Australian and New Zealand Urological Nursing Society [ANZUNS] between 2017 and 2019. About 376 urology nurses participated in these “conversations that matter” and generated 1047 individual response items that were grouped into themes to assist the three associations to take the creation of an EFUN to the next level. Areas explored centred on four aspects: what any agreed educational framework for urology nursing should contain; the academic level at which education should be provided; who should be recruited as collaborators on writing an educational framework and, lastly, just how any emergent framework should be used. Analysis of the conversational data indicate that there exists within the urological nursing community a collective wisdom regarding their educational needs and how these needs should be met.     

Analysis of kidney volume growth during the fetal period in humans

Summary The growth of fetal kidney volume was studied in 290 specimens taken from 145 fresh human fetuses (85 males and 60 females) with gestational age ranging from 13 to 36 weeks postconception (WPC). Normative equations and curves of the growth of renal volume were obtained for male and female fetuses and for the whole sample in the second trimester (13–24 WPC) and in the third trimester (25–36 WPC) of gestation. There was no difference between the growth in volume of the right and left kidneys. Fetal kidney volume increases with a more intense rhythm in the early fetal period (13–24 WPC). During the second trimester, there was no difference between the values for renal volume of male and female fetuses. In the third trimester, male fetuses had renal volumes significantly greater than the female fetuses. The normative parameters of renal volume could have practical applications in detection and monitoring of renal anomalies in fetal and perinatal urology.Supported by grants 302, 369/86.4/BM-FV from the National Conucil of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil) and Grant E.29/170.787/89 from the Rio de Janeiro Foundation for Research Support (FAPERJ).     

THE ACCEPTANCE OF COMPUTER ASSISTED LEARNING BY MEDICAL STUDENTS

The use of computer assisted learning (CAL) in the medical undergraduate curriculum is increasing. Little is known regarding the acceptability of CAL among medical students. The present study was conducted to investigate the possible anxiety generated by and the acceptability of CAL among medical students. One hundred and twenty-six students completed a questionnaire after using n software package which has been written as an adjunct in teaching urology. The present study demonstrates that there was little anxiety experienced by the students when using CAL and furthermore that there was a high level of acceptance for this type of instruction. This is encouraging for medical educators involved in producing multimedia packages for teaching medicine and surgery.     

PBL教学方法在泌尿外科临床教学中的应用

根据PBL（Problem-based learning）教学法的特点,结合目前泌尿外科临床教学过程中存在的问题,探索PBL教学模式在泌尿外科临床教学中的作用.该文通过对外科学-泌尿外科章节分别采用以问题为基础（PBL）和以授课为基础（Lecture-based learning,LBL）的教学方法,比较PBL和传统LBL教学效果的差异.教学实践结果提示PBL教学法的教学效果优于LBL,其主要表现在提高学生自主学习能力和兴趣、临床分析能力、知识理解力和记忆力,以及活跃课题气氛等方面.     

标准化病人结合PBL教学在泌尿外科的应用

目的分析标准化病人结合PBL教学模式在泌尿外科临床教学中的应用效果。方法选取2018年1月-2018年12月在中国医科大学附属第一医院泌尿外科80名实习生,随机将学生分为两组,对照组40名采用传统教学模式,研究组40名采用标准化病人结合PBL教学模式,比较两组基本理论、临床实践及综合能力考核成绩。结果研究组基本理论及临床实践成绩分别为(93.68±4.27)分、(92.20±4.11)分,分数明显高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组学生的分析、沟通、实践、处理问题能力及品德修养分数分别为(21.71±2.40)分、(22.22±2.39)分、(21.58±3.24)分、(21.09±2.22)分、(22.40±1.37)分,分数明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论标准化病人结合PBL教学模式在泌尿外科临床教学中的应用效果显著,不但能提高学生基本理论及临床实践成绩,还可以提升学生综合能力。     

泌尿外科专科护士培训指标体系的构建

目的构建泌尿外科专科护士培训指标体系。方法2019年6—12月进行研究,首先成立研究小组,通过文献回顾、半结构式访谈初步构建指标体系,之后通过2轮Delphi专家咨询对指标进行修订,最终构建泌尿外科专科护士培训指标体系。结果构建的泌尿外科专科护士培训指标体系,包括一级指标3项,二级指标10项,三级指标48项。2轮专家的积极系数均为100%,2轮专家咨询的权威系数分别为0.856,0.903,2轮函询肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.302、0.337,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论研究构建的泌尿外科专科护士培训指标体系具有可靠性及科学性,可作为评价泌尿外科专科护士培训的工具。     

Tissue engineering in urethral reconstruction—an update

The field of tissue engineering is rapidly progressing. Much work has gone into developing a tissue engineered urethral graft. Current grafts, when long, can create initial donor site morbidity. In this article, we evaluate the progress made in finding a tissue engineered substitute for the human urethra. Researchers have investigated cell-free and cell-seeded grafts. We discuss different approaches to developing these grafts and review their reported successes in human studies. With further work, tissue engineered grafts may facilitate the management of lengthy urethral strictures requiring oral mucosa substitution urethroplasty.