紫杉醇联合卡铂化疗治疗卵巢癌的效果分析

目的探讨紫杉醇联合卡铂化疗治疗卵巢癌的效果分析。方法选自2018年5月-2019年5月132名符合入组以及排除标准的患者,随后研究人员将患者分为对照组以及研究组,分组应按照科学、合理、随机的标准,两组患者分别均有67例,对照组患者按照研究要求,接受卡铂化疗治疗,研究组患者按照研究要求,接受紫杉醇联合卡铂化疗治疗,两组患者分别接受不同的治疗,评估患者的临床效果,对比两组患者的观察指标,如:T细胞亚群、临床疗效。结果治疗后,CD8、CD4、CD3、CD4/CD8,研究组高于对照组;研究组中,CR+PR+SD人数多于对照组患者,且治疗总有效率高于对照组患者(P<0.05)。结论紫杉醇联合卡铂化疗治疗卵巢癌,能够提升患者自身的免疫功能,促进疾病的好转。     

紫杉醇诱导体外培养胃腺癌细胞系SGC-7901凋亡

目的：研究紫杉醇对胃腺癌细胞系SGC—7901的凋亡诱导作用。方法：紫杉醇不同浓度、不同作用时间分别处理胃腺癌细胞系SGC—7901。采用MTT法测定胃癌细胞的生长抑制率，通过组织学观察、TUNEL等手段检测胃腺癌细胞系SGC--7901细胞凋亡情况。结果：紫杉醇对胃腺癌细胞系SGC—7901有明显的抑制作用，并在一定剂量和时间范围内诱导胃腺癌细胞系SGC—7901凋亡，随着药物浓度的增加及时间的延长，凋亡细胞明显增多，当紫杉醇作用浓度为20μmol/L以上时，细胞出现破碎、坏死。结论：紫杉醇对胃腺癌细胞系SGC—7901有明显的抑制作用，诱导凋亡是其发挥抗癌作用的机制之一。     

健脾益气汤联合化疗对肺癌术后患者免疫功能的影响

目的:探究健脾益气汤联合化疗对肺癌术后患者免疫功能的影响。方法:回顾性分析106例肺癌术后患者临床资料,将采用常规化疗的患者纳入对照组(n=53),采用健脾益气汤联合化疗的患者纳入试验组(n=53)。比较两组疗效和治疗前后中医证候积分、免疫功能、生存质量及体重、不良反应。结果:两组患者均顺利完成化疗,试验组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05); 两组治疗后中医证候积分均下降,试验组低于对照组(P<0.05); 对照组治疗后CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平均下降,CD8⁺水平上升(P<0.05); 试验组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平均上升,CD8⁺水平下降,试验组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺、CD8⁺水平优于对照组(P<0.05); 治疗后,两组免疫球蛋白(Ig)A水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 试验组IgM、IgG水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05); 两组治疗后Karnofsky体能状况(KPS)评分、体重均上升,且试验组高于对照组(P<0.05); 治疗期间两组恶心呕吐、脱发程度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肾、肝功能异常程度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:健脾益气汤联合化疗可改善肺癌术后患者免疫功能,改善患者中医证候和生存质量,改善患者体重,减少化疗药物不良反应,提高疗效。     

99m锝标记紫杉醇脂质体在移植荷瘤鼠体内分布的研究

对 2 0只雌性裸鼠建立人卵巢癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型 ,经其尾静脉注射锝标紫杉醇脂质体 (99m TC- TL) 0 .2m l,于 15 min、 30 m in、 90 m in各处死动物 5只 ,将心、肝、脾、肺、肾、小肠、子宫附件、骨及肿瘤组织分别称重。其余 5只动物尾静脉注射游离锝 (99m TC— F) 0 .2 m l,于 90 min处死 ,取肝、脾、肺及肿瘤组织称重 ,用 γ-定标仪测其放射强度 (单位 :CPM/ 10 0 mg)。肝、脾、肺脏器内 99m TC动态放射值最高 (5 5 2 .1± 92 .8～ 2 6 0 .1± 2 1.0 cpm/ 10 0m g) ,其放射强度随时间延长呈下降趋势 ,肿瘤组织放射值较低 (3.6± 0 .6 cpm/ 10 0 m g) ,动态测量呈水平位。99m TC- TL组与 99m TC- F组在 99m TC示踪显示 90 min时 ,TC- TL 组肝、脾、肺内放射强度高于 99m TC- F组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,而肿瘤组织中两组无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :静注紫杉醇脂质体在荷瘤鼠体内主要定向分布于网状内皮系统丰富的肝、脾、肺器官内 ,肿瘤组织有一定滞留性 ,但亲和力较差     

Crystal Structure of 2-Debenzoyl, 2-Acetoxy Paclitaxel (Taxol®): Conformation of the Paclitaxel Side-Chain

Crystals of the C2-acetate analog of paclitaxel, grown from a mixture of isopropyl alcohol and methanol, belong to the space group P2_l with a = 9.058(3), b = 18.306(5), c = 15.043(1) , = 97.09(1)°, Z = 2, V = 2475.1(9)³, D _calc = 1.269 gcm^–3 and µ = 0.75 cm^–1. The structure was determined by direct methods and refined to R(F) = 0.054 and wR(F) = 0.057 for 605 variables and 3496 observed reflections. The paclitaxel side chain possesses a conformation similar to that observed in the crystal structure of docetaxel (Taxotere^®). A three dimensional network of hydrogen bonds is formed through solvent molecules and stabilizes the crystal lattice.     

紫杉醇和三尖杉磷碱在多孔硅胶上的吸附及扩散研究

吸附和扩散特性是进行色谱过程的基础,本文测定了紫杉醇及其类似物的三尖杉磷碱在多孔的吸附及扩散特性,结果表明：紫杉醇和三尖杉磷酸在硅胶上的吸附不符合Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ单分子层吸附理论,但在低浓度下可用溶剂调整型Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ模型描述。扩散研究表明,用醇和三尖彬磷碱在硅胶上吸附罗弱,表面扩散可以忽略,相同条件下,紫杉醇的吸附量受强溶剂影响罗大,强溶剂组成的增加会造成紫杉醇吸附量很快下降,这和在正相色谱     

An exploratory study of frequent pain measurement in a cancer clinical trial

The ideal methodology for quality of life (QOL) measurement in cancer clinical trials matches the evaluation to the anticipated outcomes, thereby increasing the likelihood that clinically relevant changes are captured. The present study explored the importance of such methodological tailoring in a phase II trial of paclitaxel and recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) for metastatic breast cancer. Prior to the trial, clinical observation suggested that frequent short-lived episodes of pain might occur during this treatment regimen. Twenty-one patients provided longitudinal data for at least three cycles of chemotherapy. To assess transient pain, aroutine QOL assessment at baseline and every third cycle was supplemented with pain measurements twice weekly. The interval assessment included a multidimensional QOL instrument (Functional Living Index-Cancer) and measures of psychological state (Rand Mental Health Inventory), symptom distress (Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale), and performance status (Karnofsky Performance Status Score). The frequent pain measurements were acquired using visual analogue and categorical scales for pain intensity (Memorial Pain Assessment Card). From baseline to the end of cycle three, global pain scores declined and the results on other QOL measures were variable. The data obtained using these measures did not reveal the existence of episodic pains. In contrast, the twice weekly pain measurements clearly demonstrated transient severe pains in approximately half the patients. These data highlight the importance of specific measurement of troubling symptoms or other relevant QOL concerns at clinically appropriate intervals during the routine QOL assessment of clinical trials. The additional burden involved in these assessments is warranted if the information derived is highly relevant, would not be adequately captured otherwise and could improve therapy.     

Pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel-containing liposomes in rats

In animal models, liposomal formulations of paclitaxel possess lower toxicity and equal antitumor efficacy compared with the clinical formulation, Taxol. The goal of this study was to determine the formulation dependence of paclitaxel pharmacokinetics in rats, in order to test the hypothesis that altered biodistribution of paclitaxel modifies the exposure of critical normal tissues. Paclitaxel was administered intravenously in either multilamellar (MLV) liposomes composed of phosphatidylglycerol/phosphatidylcholine (L-pac) or in the Cremophor EL/ethanol vehicle used for the Taxol formulation (Cre-pac). The dose was 40 mg/kg, and the infusion time was 8 to 9 minutes. Animals were killed at various times, and pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from the blood and tissue distribution of paclitaxel. The area under the concentration vs time curve (AUC) for blood was similar for the 2 formulations (L-pac: 38.1±3.32 μg-h/mL; Cre-pac: 34.5±0.994 μg-h/mL), however, the AUC for various tissues was formulation-dependent. For bone marrow, skin, kidney, brain, adipose, and muscle tissue, the AUC was statistically higher for Cre-pac. For spleen, a tissue of the reticuloendothelial system that is important in the clearance of liposomes, the AUC was statistically higher for L-pac. Apparent tissue partition coefficients (K_p) also were calculated. For bone marrow, a tissue in which paclitaxel exerts significant toxicity, K_p was 5-fold greater for paclitaxel in Cre-pac. The data are consistent with paclitaxel release from circulating liposomes, but with efflux delayed sufficiently to retain drug to a greater extent in the central (blood) compartment and reduce penetration into peripheral tissues. These effects may contribute to the reduced toxicity of liposomal formulations of paclitaxel.     

紫杉醇与顺铂联合治疗晚期鼻咽癌50例分析

[目的]探讨紫杉醇与顺铂(TP)联合应用治疗复发和远处转移的晚期鼻咽癌疗效.[方法]用TP方案治疗晚期鼻咽癌病人50例.3周为1个疗程,2个疗程后评定疗效,有效者继续原方案治疗4个疗程.[结果]有效率62%,其中CR 12%,PR 50%;随访时间24个月(10个月～4年),中位生存期16.5个月(4～30个月).所有病例均出现脱发,Ⅰ～Ⅱ度骨髓抑制,消化道反应较重,其他不良反应轻微.[结论]TP方案对晚期鼻咽癌有较好的近期疗效,缓解期为6个月左右,多疗程治疗有利于改善预后.