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排序方式: 共有506条查询结果,搜索用时 25 毫秒
1.
2型糖尿病及骨质疏松已成为我国最主要的慢性代谢性疾病。2型糖尿病常伴有血脂紊乱,常表现为低密度脂蛋白升高,而越来越多的研究表明血脂通过不同的方式影响骨代谢,其机制可能是通过抑制骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化,通过RANK/RNAKL/OPG信号通路及炎症反应调节破骨细胞等方式调节骨代谢。 相似文献
2.
Inflammatory mediators and the destruction of bone 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Gregory R. Mundy 《Journal of periodontal research》1991,26(3):213-217
Bone is remodelled by the coordinated actions of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Cellular remodelling occurs in discrete packets of bone, and is regulated by local cytokines produced in the environment of the remodelling cells. These cytokines are secreted by immune cells and by bone cells. In addition, some growth regulatory factors are incorporated into the noncollagenous bone matrix and are released in an active form when bone is stimulated to resorb. Complex interactions between these cytokines and their target cells are responsible for the normal delicate balance between bone resorption and bone formation, and disorders of bone loss are due to imbalances between the rates of resorption and formation. 相似文献
3.
Sofia Avnet Annavera Lamolinara Nicoletta Zini Liliana Solimando Gianni Quacquaruccio Donatella Granchi Nadir Mario Maraldi Armando Giunti Nicola Baldini 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2006,24(8):1699-1708
Cathepsin K is a cystein protease that displays a proteolytic activity against Type I collagen and is abundantly and selectively expressed in osteoclasts where it plays a critical role in bone degradation. Its direct role in bone tissue has been defined by knock-out mice studies and inhibiting strategies in animals models. However, direct proof of cathepsin K function in human osteoclast model in vitro is lacking. The aim of this study is to analyze cathepsin K expression and localization in human osteoclasts obtained from peripheral blood and to examine cathepsin K function in these cells by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS-ODN) strategy. AS-ODN was added to the culture of osteoclast precursors induced to differentiate by RANKL and M-CSF. AS-ODN treatment produced a significant down-regulation of cathepsin K mRNA (>80%) and protein expression, as verified respectively by Real-time PCR and by immunocytochemistry or Western blot. The cathepsin K inhibition caused an impairment of resorption activity as evaluated by a pit formation assay ( p = 0.045) and by electron microscopy, while the acidification process was unaffected. We demonstrated that antisense strategies against cathepsin K are selectively effective to inhibit resorption activity in human osteoclasts, like in animal models. 相似文献
4.
Distribution of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitor, TIMP-1, in developing human osteophytic bone 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
SHARYN BORD ALAN HORNER ROSALIND M. HEMBRY JOHN J. REYNOLDS JULIET E. COMPSTON 《Journal of anatomy》1997,191(1):39-48
Connective tissues synthesise and secrete a family of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) which are capable of degrading most components of the extracellular matrix. Animal studies suggest that the MMPs play a role in bone turnover. Using specific polyclonal antisera, immunohistochemistry was used to determine the patterns of synthesis and distribution of collagenase (MMP-1), stromelysin (MMP-3), gelatinase A (MMP-2) and gelatinase B (MMP-9) and of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) within developing human osteophytic bone. The different MMPs and TIMP showed distinct patterns of localisation. Collagenase expression was seen at sites of vascular invasion, in osteoblasts synthesising new matrix and in some osteoclasts at sites of resorption. Chondrocytes demonstrated variable levels of collagenase and stromelysin expression throughout the proliferative and hypertrophic regions, stromelysin showing both cell-associated and strong matrix staining. Intense gelatinase B expression was observed at sites of bone resorption in osteoclasts and mononuclear cells. Gelatinase A was only weakly expressed in the fibrocartilage adjacent to areas of endochondral ossification. There was widespread but variable expression of TIMP-1 throughout the fibrous tissue, cartilage and bone. These results indicate that MMPs play a role in the development of human bone from cartilage and fibrous tissue and are likely to have multiple functions. 相似文献
5.
Evidence for cell-specific changes with age in expression of oestrogen receptor (ER) alpha and beta in bone fractures from men and women 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Batra GS Hainey L Freemont AJ Andrew G Saunders PT Hoyland JA Braidman IP 《The Journal of pathology》2003,200(1):65-73
Oestrogen is recognized as important for maintaining bone mass in men and women. Oestrogen receptor (ER) alpha and the recently described ER-beta are both expressed in bone cells, but have different affinities for oestrogen agonists and plant oestrogens, which could be important in developing treatments for bone loss in both men and women. It is unclear, however, which isoform predominates in bone; cell type and age may influence their relative expression. The present study has compared ER-alpha and ER-beta expression in serial sections of human fracture callus from males (n = 19, age range 5-72 years) and females (n = 15, age range 3-86 years) by indirect immunoperoxidase. Fracture callus was used as it can be readily obtained from individuals over a wide age range and contains a variety of bone cells. Antibody specificity was confirmed by western blotting and comparison of immunoreactivity in sections of breast tumour and benign prostate hyperplasia. No gender difference in ER expression was found in bone from individuals less than 40 years old. Proliferative chondrocytes were positive for both isoforms, but few larger hypertrophic cells were immunoreactive. ER-alpha and ER-beta were co-expressed in osteoclasts, suggesting that oestrogen may act directly on these cells. Osteoblasts, osteocytes, and mesenchymal cells also expressed both isoforms. In women over 40 years of age, however, relatively fewer biopsies contained osteocytes positive for ER-alpha and ER-beta. Likewise, the proportions of osteoblasts and mesenchymal cells expressing ER-beta were reduced but ER-alpha remained unaffected. In contrast, in men over 40 years, only the proportion of biopsies containing ER-beta-positive mesenchymal cells was lower. In these older men and women, ER-alpha and ER-beta expression was retained by the small proliferative chondrocytes. These results demonstrate that gender, age, and cell type are important determinants of ER isoform expression in skeletal cells. 相似文献
6.
The skeleton as a unique environment for breast cancer cells 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Bone is a favored location for several cancer metastases especially breast, prostate and myeloma. This review evaluates various
properties of the skeleton that contribute to its successful colonization by breast cancer cells. The first consideration
is the unique aspects of the vasculature of metaphyseal bone, which may account for the initial lodging of breast cancer cells
in specific regions of the skeleton. Metasphyseal bone, found at the ends of long bone, in ribs and in vertebrae, is comprised
of trabecular bone interspersed with marrow and a rich vasculature. The chemotactic factors that arise from bone marrow and
bone cells are discussed in terms of cancer cell migration out of the vasculature and entry of cancer cells into the marrow
cavity. Once the breast cancer cells have migrated into the metaphysis, they interact both directly and indirectly with bone
cells and other cells in the marrow. As tumor growth progresses, functional bone cells are lost, most likely through apoptosis.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
7.
Dual Effects of Liquiritigenin on the Proliferation of Bone Cells: Promotion of Osteoblast Differentiation and Inhibition of Osteoclast Differentiation
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Eiko Sakai Erika Yoneshima Mayumi Iwatake Yutaka Fukuma Kazuhisa Nishishita Takayuki Tsukuba 《Phytotherapy research : PTR》2015,29(11):1714-1721
Bone is constantly controlled by a balance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption. Liquiritigenin is a plant‐derived flavonoid and has various pharmacological effects, such as antioxidative, antitumor, and antiinflammatory effects. Here, we show that liquiritigenin has dual effects on the proliferation of bone cells, regarding the promotion of osteoblast differentiation and the inhibition of osteoclast differentiation. Liquiritigenin‐treated murine osteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells showed an increased alkaline phosphatase activity and enhanced phosphorylation of Smad1/5 compared with untreated cells. Moreover, liquiritigenin inhibited osteoclast differentiation, its bone‐resorption activity through slightly decreased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase, and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa Bα; however, the phosphorylation of Akt and p38 slightly increased in bone marrow‐derived osteoclasts. The expression levels of the osteoclast marker proteins nuclear factor of activated T‐cell cytoplasmic‐1, Src, and cathepsin K diminished. These results suggest that liquiritigenin may be useful as a therapeutic and/or preventive agent for osteoporosis or inflammatory bone diseases. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
该研究采用1α, 25-(OH)2VitD3诱导兔骨髓细胞法获得破骨细胞,以形态学观察、HE染色、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)染色和骨吸收陷窝甲苯胺蓝染色来鉴定破骨细胞,用TRAP+细胞计数、TRAP活力测定和骨吸收陷窝的数量及面积来检测大血藤对破骨细胞分化及骨吸收功能的影响。培养MC3T3-E1Subclone 14(小鼠颅顶前骨细胞亚克隆14)细胞,用MTT法、碱性磷酸酶活力测定检测大血藤对其增殖和分化的影响。结果表明大血藤醇提物和水煎物低、中、高剂量组(2,20,200 mg·L-1)对破骨细胞分化及骨吸收功能具有抑制作用,并具有剂量依赖性。大血藤醇提物和水煎物低、中剂量组具有促进MC3T3-E1Subclone 14细胞增殖分化的作用,说明大血藤对骨质疏松有一定的防治作用,这种作用可能是通过抑制破骨细胞活性和促进成骨细胞增殖分化来实现的。 相似文献
9.
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