Macrophage mannose receptor in chronic sinus disease

BACKGROUND: The role of infectious agents in the onset and maintenance of chronic sinus disease is still not fully understood. Macrophage mannose receptor (MMR), an innate pattern recognizing receptor, capable of phagocytosis of invaders and signal transduction for proinflammatory mechanisms, might be of importance in immune interactions in chronic sinus disease. OBJECTIVE: We examined the MMR in sinonasal airway mucosa to evaluate its possible role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CS) and nasal polyposis (NPs). METHODS: Surgical samples from patients with sinonasal disease were investigated with real-time RT-PCR for quantification of MMR mRNA expression, and the presence and location of MMR-positive cells was analysed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Quantification of MMR mRNA showed a statistically significant higher expression in NPs compared to CS without NP and controls. Immunohistochemistry revealed expression of MMR in all tissue samples; however, in NP we found an enhanced positive cellular staining including cell aggregates. CONCLUSIONS: We could demonstrate for the first time that the expression of MMR is significantly upregulated in NP compared to patients with CS without NP or turbinate tissue of controls. Macrophages expressing MMR, accumulated in cell aggregates in NPs, play a possible key role in pathogen-macrophage interaction in NP disease.     

游离细胞甘露糖受体的亲和细胞化学电镜观察

目的 对小鼠腹腔巨噬细腻及人精子的甘露糖受体（ＭＲ）进行超微结构定位。方法 采用甘露糖基化牛血清白蛋白（ＤＭＡ）结合１０ｎｍ胶体金制备探针ＤＭＡ－Ｇ１０,以此探针标记小腹腔巨噬细胞和获能前后的人精子,并用疼爱 射电子显微民制备的ＤＭＡ－Ｇ１０具有基露糖基结合特性。小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞可分为明、暗中类型。“暗细胞”不含ＭＲ,“明细胞”细胞膜表面含ＭＲ,该受体与ＤＭＡ－Ｇ１０结合后内化入细胞内。人 子发生     

Paracrine/autocrine regulation of breast cancer by the insulin-like growth factors

Local environmental signals regulate the growth and development of both normal and malignant breast epithelium. Members of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family likely influence both of these processes. The localization of IGF2 to stroma specifically surrounding malignant breast epithelium indicates that this growth factor may play a critical role in the genesis or maintenance of this transformed phenotype. Recent studies have sought to understand the mechanism by which IGF2 expressing fibroblasts are localized to the periphery of malignant breast cancer cells. In addition, the consequences of the expression of IGF-signaling components likely expand beyond their direct effects on mitogenesis. Indirect effects predominantly associated with the IGF2 receptor could also influence the invasive potential of breast tumor cells.     

PMI基因作为选择标记的植物表达载体构建及转化白花丹参体系的建立

目的：构建含有大肠杆菌6- 磷酸甘露糖异构酶（6-phosphomannose isomerase,PMI）基因并替换潮霉素抗性（hygromycin,hyg）基因的植物表达载体pCAMBIA1305-PMI,同时建立以PMI/甘露糖为筛选标记的白花丹参转基因体系。方法：首先从大肠杆菌Escherichia coli DH5α中克隆PMI基因,然后以PMI基因替换植物表达载体 pCAMBIA1305 中的hyg基因,构建了以PMI 基因为选择标记基因的植物表达载体pCAMBIA1305-PMI,并用电击转化方法导入根癌农杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 中,用叶片浸染法转化白花丹参。结果：在白花丹参MS+6-BA 1.5 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.1 mg·L^-1固体分化培养基中附加20 g·L^-1甘露糖和10 g·L^-1蔗糖为碳源的选择压力下,pCAMBIA1305-PMI 的转化率为23.7%,对再生植株用PCR检测证实了PMI基因的导入。结论：建立了以PMI-甘露糖为选择系统的白花丹参转基因体系,可应用于后续目的基因的转化奠定了基础。     

人精子甘露糖受体的部分特性研究

目的分离纯化人精子甘露糖受体并测定其分子量和等电点。方法用亲和层析法分离纯化人精子甘露糖受体,十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法测定其分子量,等电聚焦电泳法测定其等电点。结果人精子甘露糖受体的分子量为66.3 ku,等电点为pH=5.1。结论用亲和层析法分离得到人精子甘露糖受体,并测得其分子量和等电点,可为后续开展人精子甘露糖受体有关理化特性和医用价值的研究积累有价值的资料。     

急支糖浆多糖的成分分析及质量评价

目的 研究急支糖浆多糖组分的化学成分组成、重均相对分子质量以及单糖组成,并比较不同批次急支糖浆多糖组分,为其质量控制提供依据。方法 采用比色法、高效凝胶色谱法(high performance gel permeation chromatography,HPGPC)和高效阴离子交换色谱法(high performance anion exchange chromatography,HPAEC)测定急支糖浆多糖的基本化学组成、重均相对分子质量及分散系数、单糖组成。结果 15批急支糖浆多糖的中性多糖、糖醛酸和蛋白质的平均质量分数分别为47.60%、33.38%、9.30%;重均相对分子质量及分散系数分别为11 757~26 367和1.89~2.65。15批急支糖浆多糖中均含有岩藻糖、鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖、木糖、半乳糖醛酸及葡萄糖醛酸,平均质量分数分别为1.94、20.13、115.54、99.25、117.45、13.62、6.03、215.23、9.61 µg/mg,物质的量比结果为1.5:14.4:100.0:71.6:84.7:9.8:5.2:144.1:6.4。将急支糖浆与川贝枇杷糖浆、杏苏止咳糖浆、小儿热速清糖浆和小儿肺热咳喘口服液进行比较,结果发现单糖组成物质的量比结合HPAEC指纹图谱可用于急支糖浆多糖的质量控制。结论 15批急支糖浆多糖的化学组成、重均相对分子质量及单糖组成具有较高的一致性,HPAEC指纹图谱具有特异性,可用作急支糖浆多糖的质控指标。     

芦荟多糖的提取与含量测定

目的研究芦荟多糖的提取和含量测定方法。方法采用水提醇沉法提取芦荟多糖,以甘露糖标准液绘制标准曲线,用苯酚-硫酸、紫外分光光度法于490am波长处测定芦荟多糖的含量。结果芦荟多糖含量为8.796mg／ml。结论该测定方法准确,重复性好,对芦荟多糖含量的测定获得满意结果。     

Biochemical evidence for superior correction of neuronal storage by chemically modified enzyme in murine mucopolysaccharidosis VII

Enzyme replacement therapy has been used successfully in many lysosomal storage diseases. However, correction of brain storage has been limited by the inability of infused enzyme to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). We recently reported that PerT-GUS, a form of β-glucuronidase (GUS) chemically modified to eliminate its uptake and clearance by carbohydrate-dependent receptors, crossed the BBB and cleared neuronal storage in an immunotolerant model of murine mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type VII. In this respect, the chemically modified enzyme was superior to native β-glucuronidase. Chemically modified enzyme was also delivered more effectively to heart, kidney, and muscle. However, liver and spleen, which express high levels of carbohydrate receptors, received nearly fourfold lower levels of PerT-GUS compared with native GUS. A recent report on PerT-treated sulfamidase in murine MPS IIIA confirmed enhanced delivery to other tissues but failed to observe clearance of storage in neurons. To confirm and extend our original observations, we compared the efficacy of 12 weekly i.v. infusions of PerT-GUS versus native GUS on (i) delivery of enzyme to brain; (ii) improvement in histopathology; and (iii) correction of secondary elevations of other lysosomal enzymes. Such correction is a recognized biomarker for correction of neuronal storage. PerT-GUS was superior to native GUS in all three categories. These results provide additional evidence that long-circulating enzyme, chemically modified to escape carbohydrate-mediated clearance, may offer advantages in treating MPS VII. The relevance of this approach to treat other lysosomal storage diseases that affect brain awaits confirmation.