64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像:不同心率下最优相位窗的探讨

目的:探讨64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像在不同心率下最优成像相位窗.方法:对112例病例行64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像,扫描后数据分别按R-R间期10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%及90%的相位进行后处理重组,对后处理图像按5级评分,记录扫描期间心率,112例患者心率＜60次/min者为Ⅰ组,60～69次/min为Ⅱ组,70～79次/min为Ⅲ组,≥80次/min为Ⅳ组,绘制不同心率组的冠状动脉成像质量评分随时相位变化的线图,分析观察不同心率组的各时相冠状动脉评分趋势.结果:Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组80%相位图像质量最优,Ⅳ组RCA最优的相位窗为50%相位,LMA、LAD、LCX最优的相位窗为40%,Pearson相关分析在R-R 40%相位,冠状动脉的图像质量评分与心率无显著相关性.结论:在不同心率下,64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像各相位的图像质量有差别,高心率下,可用40%、50%相位的图像来用于诊断.     

被动式非影像依从导航系统在全膝关节置换术中的应用进展

全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)目前已成为晚期膝关节骨性关节炎的最终临床治疗方式,术后的肢体及假体力线直接关系到全膝关节置换术后的临床效果。近年来,计算机辅助导航手术(computer-assisted surgery,CAS)被应用于全膝关节置换术中,获得了令人满意的治疗效果。已有研究报道,采用计算机辅助导航系统能够改善膝关节置换术后软组织平衡,提高假体组建安装的精确度,恢复术后正常下肢力线,并且有助于减少术中出血及术后脂肪栓塞。虽然目前计算机辅助导航系统还不是主流手术技术,但随着计算机辅助手术技术的不断改进和发展,未来计算机辅助导航在全膝关节置换手术中将发挥更重要的作用,改善全膝关节置换术后的临床疗效。     

A computer system for combined neuronal mapping and morphometry

A computer system has been developed which allows both mapping and planimetry of histological preparations. Data consist of cytoarchitectonic boundaries defined in low-power micrographs of thick sections, and nuclear and vascular profiles defined in high-power micrographs of semi-thin sections taken from the original thick tissue, and landmarks common to both. Data from these different preparations and magnifications are entered into the computer on a digitizing tablet and are stored as points in a real-world coordinate system, along with profile labels, landmarks for alignment purposes, and section depth. Subsequent programs determine parameters such as area and perimeter for each profile, as well as its geometric center and relationship to the cytoarchitectonic boundary. This mapping parameter allows morphometric analysis of profiles as a function of their position. Other programs allow display and manipulation of data in 3 dimensions, cell counts, and stereology. Data acquisition is done in the laboratory, using a micro-computer; analysis and display are done on a large time-sharing computer connected to the small machine by a telephone interface.