全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4191篇 |
免费 | 403篇 |
国内免费 | 92篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 105篇 |
儿科学 | 56篇 |
妇产科学 | 64篇 |
基础医学 | 808篇 |
口腔科学 | 39篇 |
临床医学 | 265篇 |
内科学 | 487篇 |
皮肤病学 | 43篇 |
神经病学 | 562篇 |
特种医学 | 486篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 264篇 |
综合类 | 349篇 |
预防医学 | 254篇 |
眼科学 | 129篇 |
药学 | 360篇 |
4篇 | |
中国医学 | 117篇 |
肿瘤学 | 293篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 54篇 |
2022年 | 100篇 |
2021年 | 172篇 |
2020年 | 142篇 |
2019年 | 122篇 |
2018年 | 120篇 |
2017年 | 150篇 |
2016年 | 160篇 |
2015年 | 118篇 |
2014年 | 217篇 |
2013年 | 278篇 |
2012年 | 218篇 |
2011年 | 233篇 |
2010年 | 193篇 |
2009年 | 201篇 |
2008年 | 192篇 |
2007年 | 202篇 |
2006年 | 179篇 |
2005年 | 141篇 |
2004年 | 134篇 |
2003年 | 105篇 |
2002年 | 117篇 |
2001年 | 77篇 |
2000年 | 68篇 |
1999年 | 51篇 |
1998年 | 51篇 |
1997年 | 65篇 |
1996年 | 56篇 |
1995年 | 53篇 |
1994年 | 56篇 |
1993年 | 60篇 |
1992年 | 32篇 |
1991年 | 41篇 |
1990年 | 37篇 |
1989年 | 28篇 |
1988年 | 43篇 |
1987年 | 31篇 |
1986年 | 30篇 |
1985年 | 80篇 |
1984年 | 66篇 |
1983年 | 37篇 |
1982年 | 31篇 |
1981年 | 37篇 |
1980年 | 22篇 |
1979年 | 21篇 |
1978年 | 19篇 |
1977年 | 13篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有4686条查询结果,搜索用时 25 毫秒
1.
2.
BARI NUHOLU ALI AYYILDIZ VECIHI FIDAN ÖZDEN CEBECI UUR KOAR CANKON GERMIYANOLU 《International journal of urology》2006,13(2):109-110
OBJECTIVE: Nocturnal enuresis is a common pediatric problem, the etiology of which is unclear. In recent years, various studies have been published stating that children with nocturnal enuresis exhibit growth and skeletal maturation retardation. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we included 27 patients (16 boys, 11 girls) between the ages of 6 and 14 years who had presented with primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) complaints. We included in the evaluation 19 healthy subjects (12 boys, 7 girls), who were the siblings of the children with PNE, as the control group. RESULTS: The patients in both groups were similar in chronological age, bone age, height and weight, with no significant difference between groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The two groups in our study consisted of the same genetic background. Thus, our results were found to be different from the previous studies. We have concluded that there is no direct relationship between enuresis nocturnal and skeletal maturation. 相似文献
3.
A novel balanced SSFP technique for the separation or suppression of different resonance frequencies (e.g., fat suppression) is presented. The method is based on applying two alternating and different repetition times, TR(1) and TR(2). This RF scheme manipulates the sensitivity of balanced SSFP to off-resonance effects by a modification of the frequency response profile. Starting from a general approach, an optimally broadened stopband within the frequency response function is designed. This is achieved with a TR(2) being one third of TR(1) and an RF-pulse phase increment of 90 degrees . With this approach TR(2) is too short ( approximately 1 ms) to switch imaging gradients and is only used to change the frequency sensitivity. Without a significant change of the spectral position of the stopband, TR(1) can be varied over a range of values ( approximately 2.5-4.5 ms) while TR(2) and phase cycling is kept constant. On-resonance spins show a magnetization behavior similar to balanced SSFP, but with maximal magnetization at flip angles about 10 degrees lower than in balanced SSFP. The total scan time is increased by about 30% compared to conventional balanced SSFP. The new technique was applied on phantoms and volunteers to produce rapid, fat suppressed images. 相似文献
4.
Andreas Lange Claudia Kistler Tanja B. Jutzi Alexandr V. Bazhin Claus Detlev Klemke Dirk Schadendorf Stefan B. Eichmüller 《Experimental dermatology》2009,18(6):527-535
Abstract: The identification of tumor-specific proteins located at the plasma membrane is hampered by numerous methodological pitfalls many of which are associated with the post-translational modification of such proteins. Here, we present a new combination of detergent fractionation of cells and of subtractive suppression hybridization (SSH) to gain overexpressed genes coding for membrane-associated or secreted proteins. Fractionation of subcellular components by digitonin allowed sequestering mRNA of the rough Endoplasmatic reticulum and thereby increasing the percentage of sequences coding for membrane-bound proteins. Fractionated mRNAs from the cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cell line HuT78 and from normal peripheral blood monocytes were used for SSH leading to the enrichment of sequences overexpressed in the tumor cells. We identified some 21 overexpressed genes, among them are GPR137B, FAM62A, NOMO1, HSP90, SLIT1, IBP2, CLIF, IRAK and ARC. mRNA expression was tested for selected genes in CTCL cell lines, skin specimens and peripheral blood samples from CTCL patients and healthy donors. Several of the detected sequences are clearly related to cancer, but have not yet been associated with CTCL. qPCR confirmed an enrichment of these mRNAs in the rough endoplasmic reticulum fraction. RT-PCR confirmed the expression of these genes in skin specimens and peripheral blood of CTCL patients. Western blotting verified protein expression of HSP90 and IBP2 in HuT78. GPR137B could be detected by immunohistology in HuT78 and in keratinocytes of dysplastic epidermis, but also in sweat glands of healthy skin. In summary, we developed a new technique, which allows identifying overexpressed genes coding preferentially for membrane-associated proteins. 相似文献
5.
6.
SHILLA CHATTERJEE EUN SUNG PARK MELVYN S. SOLOFF 《International journal of urology》2004,11(10):876-884
BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) is expressed by all human prostate cancer cell lines and dramatically increases in the serum of prostate cancer patients. However, the role of IGFBP-2 in prostatic tumorigenesis is not known. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of IGFBP-2 on the proliferation of DU145 human prostate cancer cells in culture. METHODS: Using cell proliferation assays, we examined the effects of exogenously administered and endogenously modulated levels of IGFBP-2 on the proliferation of DU145 cells. RESULT: Cell growth was stimulated by exogenously administered IGFBP-2, but significantly retarded (P < 0.05) by its neutralizing antibody. Overexpression of IGFBP-2 by transfection also stimulated cell growth, which was significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited in transfectants expressing antisense mRNA to IGFBP-2. Furthermore, the proliferation of IGFBP-2 overexpressing cells was significantly dampened by exogenously administered IGFBP-2 antibody. CONCLUSIONS: IGFBP-2 is an autocrine growth factor for DU145 human prostate cancer cells and cell proliferation can be significantly retarded by neutralizing or inhibiting its synthesis. These findings provide a strong rationale for targeting IGFBP-2 in the testing of novel strategies to treat prostate cancer. 相似文献
7.
Identification of differentially expressed genes in omental adipose tissues of obese patients by suppression subtractive hybridization 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Qiu J. Ni Y. H. Gong H. X. Fei L. Pan X. Q. Guo M. Chen R. H. Guo X. R. 《南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,27(5):427-427
To identify differentially expressed genes between obese individuals and normal control, we have undertaken suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). Omental adipose tissues were obtained via abdominal surgery for appendicitis in both 13 obese subjects[BMI (body mass index) 〉 30 kg/m(2)] and 13 normal subjects (BMI 〉 18 and 〈 25 kg/m(2)). 相似文献
8.
In glaucomatous eyes refractory to medication, laser techniques and conventional drainage surgery, intraocular pressure is often high, and visual loss rapid. In this situation a reliable, robust artificial outflow system is required. Molteno has evolved a plastic tube and plate device combined with a fibrosis suppression medication regimen. Thirty-eight eyes of 32 patients with uncontrolled glaucoma were treated with the Molteno system. Six months after operation mean intraocular pressure had been reduced from 41.0 ± 13.6 to 16.2 ± 5.6 mmHg. Eighteen eyes had pressures of 20 mmHg or less on no hypotensive therapy, 17 on reduced treatment. Three eyes had a pressure of 21 to 35 mmHg on treatment at six months. The 13 aphakic eyes responded as well as 25 phakic eyes. Five eyes with rubeotic glaucoma demonstrated pressures of less than 20 mmHg without therapy, four eyes with traumatic glaucoma required continuing medication with three having pressures below 22 mmHg. Of the seven eyes with uveitic glaucoma, one was lost, two required maintenance therapy; five of six surviving eyes had pressures below 20 mmHg. Fifteen eyes with congenital or juvenile glaucoma achieved pressures below 20 mmHg, three of these with timolol drops, three with timolol and acetazolamide, and nine with no treatment. While seven of seven eyes with refractory primary open-angle glaucoma attained pressures below 20 mmHg. all seven needed continuing mild hypotensive therapy. Eleven eyes underwent a one-stage procedure, while 27 eyes required a two-stage operation. Twenty-eight eyes received fibrosis suppression medication after the second stage, and 24 maintained or improved their preoperative visual acuity. Results have been encouraging: in general the Molteno system is recommended as the second drainage operation in all glaucomatous eyes in which conventional therapy has failed, and as the primary surgical procedure (after laser techniques) in eyes with rubeotic and uveitic glaucoma. Ciliary body destructive procedures should be restricted to control of symptoms in blind eyes. 相似文献
9.
Uta Lichter-Konecki Christian Benninger Werner E. Brandeis Peter Matthis Dieter Scheffner 《Pediatric hematology and oncology》1987,4(1):77-85
Thirteen children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were investigated before and during cytotoxic therapy. EEG findings were correlated with the clinical course and the therapy protocol and compared with normal data obtained from 295 healthy children. Frequency analysis of the background activity of the EEG revealed an initial slowing of the background activity prior to therapy and further slowing each time a combination of vincristine (VCR), daunorubicine (DAU) or adriblastine (ADR), prednisone (FRED), and L-asparaginase (L-ASP) was administered. The slowing of the background activity correlated only with the administration of these drugs. DAU, ADR, and FRED are not known to influence the EEG; therefore, VCR and L-ASP remain the primary candidates responsible for the central nervous system alteration. 相似文献
10.
Lars Bendtsen Rigmor Jensen Jannick Brennum Lars Arendt-Nielsen Jes Olesen 《Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache》1993,13(3):184-191
The duration of the late exteroceptive suppression period (ES2 ) of temporal muscle EMG activity has been reported to be reduced in patients suffering from chronic tension-type headache. Methods of recording and analysing ES2 have varied between centers and reproducibility of results within subjects , although insufficiently studied, has generally been poor. ES2 was investigated in 30 healthy subjects, using a computerized technique of recording, rectifying and averaging the EMG signals. Hour to hour and week to week variations of ES2 durations were calculated, and the influence of pain during a cold pressor test and of sustained muscle contraction on ES2 durations was investigated. The intra-individual variation of ES2 durations was 16.0% from hour to hour and 20.7% from week to week. The inter-individual variation was 36.7%. The present method for analysis of ES2 periods proved to be reliable, as the intra-observer variation was 4.2% and the inter-observer variation 4.6%. ES2 periods were significantly shorter on the first compared to the second day of examination ( p = 0.006) and during experimental pain ( p = 0.0005). We recommend the use of the computerized averaging technique in future studies and caution against the dependence of results upon factors such as conditioning and pain. 相似文献