全文获取类型
收费全文 | 827篇 |
免费 | 52篇 |
国内免费 | 20篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2篇 |
儿科学 | 8篇 |
妇产科学 | 3篇 |
基础医学 | 124篇 |
口腔科学 | 9篇 |
临床医学 | 107篇 |
内科学 | 91篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1篇 |
神经病学 | 20篇 |
特种医学 | 308篇 |
外科学 | 47篇 |
综合类 | 46篇 |
预防医学 | 97篇 |
眼科学 | 3篇 |
药学 | 25篇 |
中国医学 | 7篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 53篇 |
2021年 | 74篇 |
2020年 | 52篇 |
2019年 | 30篇 |
2018年 | 47篇 |
2017年 | 37篇 |
2016年 | 29篇 |
2015年 | 22篇 |
2014年 | 56篇 |
2013年 | 78篇 |
2012年 | 33篇 |
2011年 | 39篇 |
2010年 | 23篇 |
2009年 | 27篇 |
2008年 | 42篇 |
2007年 | 29篇 |
2006年 | 28篇 |
2005年 | 15篇 |
2004年 | 21篇 |
2003年 | 17篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 12篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 13篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有899条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
运动员Marfan氏综合征的医务监督 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的 :提高教练员和医生对Marfan氏综合征的认识 ,更好地预防运动性猝死。同时为掌握身材高大项目运动员身体形态测量的规律提供参考数据。方法 :通过对 4例确诊和疑似马凡氏综合征运动员从疾病发现、发展变化、死亡、转归过程的阐述、分析 ,提供了对确诊和疑似马凡氏综合征运动员的处理、治疗方案及注意事项。同时对现役国家男、女篮球队运动员进行了包括眼科、骨科、心电图、超声心动图等全面的体检 ,以排查马凡氏综合征。结果提示 :男性运动员主动脉根部大于 60mm、女性大于 5 0mm已具有猝死风险 ,应给予高度重视。篮球运动员臂展 >身高者占4 3 3% ,且男性臂展 /身高 >1 0 3者占 2 0 %。 相似文献
2.
目的探讨优秀运动员人格特征并分析其与心理健康状况的关系.方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和卡氏16项人格因素量表(16PF),封北京市60名不同项目优秀运动员返行心理健康状况测查和人格特点分析,并与60名普通大学生对照。结果(1)卡氏16项人格因素测验,运动员组“乐群”、“恃强”、“敏感”三项得分高于大学生组(P〈0.05);“独立”因于分低于大学生组(P〈0.05)。(2)SCL-90自评量表得分除了“恐怖”一项外,优秀运动员组得分均高于大学生组,其中“躯体化”和“敌对”两项得分显着高于大学生组(P〈0.05)。(3)卡氏16项人格因素测验中,“敢为”一项优秀运动贝组内的健将组得分高于一级运动员组(P〈0.05)。(4)SCL-90自抨量表测试结果,除“躯体化”一项因子分,其它各项得分优秀运动贝组内健将运动员均低于一般运动贝。其中“强迫症状”、“人际关系敏感”、“抑郁”和“偏执”四个因子分健将组与一级运动员组之间均有显着性差异(P〈0.05)。结论我国优秀运动贝人格特征趋于外向,好强执着,但“自立”因子分却低于普通大学生组。“敢为”因子分在优秀运动贝组内,健将组得分高于一级运动员组,说明在一定程度上“敢为”因子与运动成绩相关。 相似文献
3.
R. T. Withers N. O. Whittingham K. I. Norton J. La Forgia M. W. Ellis A. Crockett 《European journal of applied physiology》1987,56(2):169-180
Summary Ninety-one percent (n=182) of the female members of South Australian representative squads in 14 sports volunteered to act as subjects. Twenty-seven percent of them had represented Australia. The underwater weighing method together with the measurement of residual volume (RV) by helium dilution were used to determine body density (BD); the percent body fat (% BF) was then computed according to Siri.A stepwise multiple regression analysis yielded a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.863 between the criterion (BD) and the best weighted sum of predictors (anthropometric variables): BD (g·cm–3)=1.14075–0.04959 (log10 triceps, subscapular, supraspinale and calf skinfolds in mm)+0.00044 (age in decimal years)–0.000612 (waist girth in cm)+0.000284 (height in cm)–0.000505 (gluteal girth in cm)+0.000331 (breast girth in cm).Only those predictors which resulted in a statistically significant increase inR (p0.05) were included. The standard error of estimate of 0.00597 g · cm–3 was equivalent to 2.7% BF at the mean. This equation was shown to be largely population specific. There was a range of 7.6–35.8% of BF and the overall mean of 18.5% was significantly lower (p<0.001) than that of 23.4% obtained on a moderately active reference sample of similar age (n=135). If group sizes of only one or two are regarded as too small for meaningful comparison, then the lowest mean of 13.5% was achieved by the long-distance runners (n=14). The highest averages were registered by the heavyweight rowers (24.2%;n=7) and soccer players (22.0%;n=11). The overall average for games players (n=107) was 19.4%.This study was supported by a grant from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia 相似文献
4.
This study tested the influence of three ski pole grip systems (pole grip + wrist strap) on peak upper body power output: a traditional system (Swix PC grip and simple strap); a modern system (Swix PC grip and SR94 strap); an integrated system (Yoko 232 grip and Yoko 232 strap). Nine men [mean (SD): 32 (12) years, 177.0 (5.4) cm, 75.1 (6.0) kg] and two women [24 (9) years, 174.6 (3.6) cm, 67.3 (7.7) kg], all of whom were experienced cross-country ski racers at the regional, national, or international level for the U.S., performed three successive upper body power (UBP) tests on a modified double-poling ergometer. Each subject performed three 15-s tests of UBP using stiff cross-country ski poles (classic length; same poles for all tests per subject) and a resistance corresponding to 3% of body mass. Peak UBP was determined as the highest 5-s average power output during the last 10 s of each test. The three grip systems were tested in a counterbalanced order with 3–3.5 min of rest between tests. Peak UBP data were analyzed using a two-factor RM ANOVA and Sheffes post-hoc test at the 0.05 alpha level. Peak UBP for the integrated system [mean (SE): 169.2 (6.8) W or 2.30 (0.06) W/kg] was significantly higher than value for both the modern [164.1 (7.2) W or 2.23 (0.07) W/kg] and traditional systems [162.5 (7.0) W, or 2.21 (0.06) W/kg] for absolute and relative power output (P<0.05). Given that double-poling peak UBP can be influenced by the ski pole grip system, a skiers choice of grip system may also influence cross-country ski racing performance. 相似文献
5.
Total energy expenditure of elite synchronized swimmers measured by the doubly labeled water method 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
To determine the daily energy requirement of elite synchronized swimmers during moderate-intensity training, the average
daily energy expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method, was calculated for nine female Japanese national team
synchronized swimmers [four senior; mean (SD) 22.5 (1.0) years old, 52.2 (3.6) kg, and five junior; 17.6 (1.1) years old,
52.8 (2.3) kg]. Their total energy expenditure (TEE) was 11.5 (2.8) MJ · day−1 [2738 (672) kcal · day−1]. When compared with estimated energy requirements derived from “Recommended Dietary Allowances for the Japanese”, 12.1 (0.6) MJ · day−1 [2897 (139) kcal · day−1], there was no difference between mean actual and estimated energy requirements. However, there were considerable differences
observed on an individual basis. Their energy intake, estimated from 7- day self-reported dietary records, was 8.9 (1.7) MJ ·
day−1 [2128 (395) kcal · day−1], which was significantly lower than their TEE (P < 0.05). Resting energy expenditure (REE), as determined by indirect calorimetry, was 5.2 (0.3) MJ · day−1 [1247 (75) kcal · day−1]. Their physical activity level (TEE/REE) was 2.18 (0.43). These results demonstrate that the TEE values of elite female
synchronized swimmers are not dissimilar to those reported for athletes participating in other sports, especially competitive
swimmers during moderate-intensity training.
Accepted: 26 May 2000 相似文献
6.
Raci Karayigit Alireza Naderi Firat Akca Carlos Janssen Gomes da Cruz Amir Sarshin Burak Caglar Yasli Gulfem Ersoz Mojtaba Kaviani 《Nutrients》2021,13(1)
Caffeine is widely consumed among elite athletes for its well-known ergogenic properties, and its ability to increase exercise performance. However, studies to date have predominantly focused on the anhydrous form of caffeine in male participants. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of caffeinated coffee ingestion on lower-upper body muscular endurance, cognitive performance, and heart rate variability (HRV) in female athletes. A total of 17 participants (mean ± standard deviation (SD): age = 23 ± 2 years, body mass = 64 ± 4 kg, height = 168 ± 3 cm) in a randomized cross-over design completed three testing sessions, following the ingestion of 3 mg/kg/bm of caffeine (3COF), 6 mg/kg/bm of caffeine (6COF) provided from coffee or decaffeinated coffee (PLA) in 600 mL of hot water. The testing results included: (1) repetition number for muscular endurance performance; (2): reaction time and response accuracy for cognitive performance; (3): HRV parameters, such as standard deviation of normal-to-normal (NN) intervals (SDNN), standard deviation of successive differences (SDSD), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), total power (TP), the ratio of low- and high-frequency powers (LF/HF), high-frequency power (HF), normalized HF (HFnu), low-frequency power (LF), and normalized LF (LFnu). A one-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed that 3COF (p = 0.024) and 6COF (p = 0.036) improved lower body muscular endurance in the first set as well as cognitive performance (p = 0.025, p = 0.035 in the post-test, respectively) compared to PLA. However, no differences were detected between trials for upper body muscular endurance (p = 0.07). Lastly, all HRV parameters did not change between trials (p > 0.05). In conclusion, ingesting caffeinated coffee improved lower body muscular endurance and cognitive performance, while not adversely affecting cardiac autonomic function. 相似文献
7.
Louise Capling Ryan Tam Kathryn L. Beck Gary J. Slater Victoria M. Flood Helen T. OConnor Janelle A. Gifford 《Nutrients》2021,13(1)
While athletes’ nutrient intakes have been widely reported, few studies have assessed the diet quality of athletes. This is the first study to evaluate the diet quality of athletes using the purpose-built Athlete Diet Index (ADI). A convenience sample of 165 elite athletes from Australian sporting institutions completed the ADI online, with subsequent automated results provided to their respective accredited sports dietitians (ASDs). At the completion of athlete participation, ASDs (n = 12) responded to a range of survey items using a Likert scale (i.e., 1 = strongly agree to 5 = strongly disagree) to determine the suitability of the ADI in practice. Differences in ADI scores for demographics and sport-specific variables were investigated using independent t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni multiple comparisons. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to assess the association between total scores and demographics. The mean total ADI score was 91.4 ± 12.2 (range 53–117, out of a possible 125). While there was no difference in total scores based on demographics or sport-specific variables; team sport athletes scored higher than individual sport athletes (92.7 vs. 88.5, p < 0.05). Athletes training fewer hours (i.e., 0–11 h/week) scored higher on Dietary Habits sub-scores compared with athletes training more hours (≥12 h/week; p < 0.05), suggesting that athletes who train longer may be at risk of a compromised dietary pattern or less than optimal nutrition practices that support training. Most (75%) ASDs surveyed strongly agreed with the perceived utility of the ADI for screening athletes and identifying areas for nutrition support, confirming its suitability for use in practice. 相似文献
8.
Howard B. Moss M.D George L. Panzak R.N. M.S. Ralph E. Tarter Ph.D. 《Archives of sexual behavior》1993,22(1):1-12
The effects of anabolic steroid use on male sexual behavior were assessed using a structured clinical interview administered to male body builders currently using steroids, and to two comparison groups (body builders with a past but not current history of steroid use, and a group of natural body builders who had never used steroids). Current anabolic steroid users had a significantly higher coital and orgasmic frequency than did comparison athletes. They also reported a significantly higher incidence of erectile difficulties during the past month. Beliefs concerning the sexually stimulating effects of steroids did not correlate with the frequencies of specific sexual behaviors. The data support the contention that anabolic steroids, as androgenic compounds, enhance sexual desire. 相似文献
9.
T. B. R. J. Smith W. G. Hopkins N. A. S. Taylor 《European journal of applied physiology》1994,69(1):44-49
The position of the body and use of the respiratory muscles in the act of rowing may limit ventilation and thereby reduce maximal aerobic power relative to that achieved in cycling or running, in spite of the greater muscle mass involved in rowing. This hypothesis was investigated for three groups of male subjects: nine elite senior oarsmen, eight former senior oarsmen and eight highly trained athletes unskilled in rowing. The subjects performed graded exercise to maximal effort on a rowing ergometer, cycle ergometer and treadmill while respiratory minute volume
and oxygen consumption
were monitored continuously. The VE at a given
during intense submaximal exercise (greater than 75% of maximal
) was not significantly lower in rowing compared with that in cycling and treadmill running for any group, which would suggest that submaximal rowing does not restrict ventilation. At maximal effort,
and
for rowing were less than those for the other types of exercise in all the groups, although the differences were not statistically significant in the elite oarsmen. These data are consistent with a ventilatory limitation to maximal performance in rowing that may have been partly overcome by training in the elite oarsmen. Alternatively, a lower maximal VE in rowing might have been an effect rather than a cause of a lower maximal
if maximal
was limited by the lower rate of muscle activation in rowing. 相似文献
10.
Barry A. Franklin Louis Lussier Elsworth R. Buskirk 《The Physician and sportsmedicine》2013,41(3):105-112
Injuries were more prevalent early in this conditioning program, but moderately obese women had no more musculoskeletal disorders than leaner women—probably because their training intensity was based on their capacities. 相似文献