Intense immunoreactivity for Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) in cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons in the rat basal forebrain

The immunohistochemical localization of manganese (Mn)-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) was studied in the rat basal forebrain using polyclonal antibodies to Mn-SOD. Neurons of the basal forebrain exhibit a high density of Mn-SOD immunoreactivity. Double immunostaining with a monoclonal antibody to choline acetyltransferase demonstrated that both cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain are intensely immunoreactive for Mn-SOD.     

高龄初产妊高征孕妇过氧化反应的研究

目的：探讨高龄初产妊高征孕妇体内过氧化反应。方法：测定正常初产妇、妊高征孕妇妊娠晚期母血过氧化脂质（LPO）、超氧化物歧化酶（DOD）的含量。结果：1．高龄初产妇母血LPO较非高龄初产妇明显升高，SOD明显下降，P＜0．05。孕妇年龄与母血LPO呈明显正相关，与SOD呈明显负相关，P均＜0．05。2．妊高征孕妇LPO较正常孕妇显著增高，SOD显著下降，P＜0．05，并随病情加重LPO水平升高、SOD水平下降更为显著，P＜0．05。3．高龄初产妊高征孕妇母血LPO含量较非高龄初产妊高征孕妇明显增高，P＜0．05，而SOD则无显著变化，P＞0．05。4.妊高征孕妇胎儿宫内生长发育迟缓（IUGR）发生率较正常孕妇显著升高，P＜0．025，各组脐血清LPO、SOD含量无显著差异，P＜0．05。结论：高龄初产妊高征孕妇体内过氧化作用明显增强，LPO水平的升高可能为高龄初产妇妊高征发生率及IUGR发生率增加的原因之一。     

不稳定型心绞痛血运重建后氧化和抗氧化指标的动态变化及临床意义

目的　探讨不稳定型心绞痛 (UAP)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后丙二醛和超氧化物歧化酶水平的变化规律及临床意义。方法　连续观察 2 5例不稳定心绞痛患者经皮冠脉治疗术前及术后 1、2 4和 72h血液中丙二醛 (MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)的变化。另设单纯行冠脉造影的不稳定型心绞痛患者 2 0例和健康者 2 0名作对照 ,MDA和SOD分别用硫代巴比妥酸法和黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定其血清含量 ,并随访术后 3个月心血管事件的发生情况。结果　MDA在不稳定型心绞痛患者中的浓度明显高于健康者 ,介入治疗后 1h进一步升高 ,持续至 2 4h(P =0 .0 0 1) ,72h回复至术前水平 ;单纯行冠脉造影者 ,术前与术后无明显改变。SOD在不稳定型心绞痛患者中的浓度明显低于健康者 (P〈0 .0 5 ) ,介入治疗后进一步降低。结论　不稳定型心绞痛患者介入治疗后MDA和SOD在 72h内有动态变化 ,可能是术后早期心血管事件的危险因素     

精浆抗精子抗体阳性不育患者顶体酶、一氧化氮合酶及超氧化物歧化酶活力变化的研究

目的:研究精浆抗精子抗体(AsAb)阳性对精子顶体酶、精浆一氧化氮合酶(NOS)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力的影响。方法:精浆AsAb阳性不育者40例,对照组为40例正常生育男性。通过吸光度变化分别计算顶体酶活力(BAEE/ADH联合法)、NOS活力(氧化还原反应)、SOD活力(黄嘌呤氧化酶法)。结果:精浆As-Ab阳性组与正常生育组比较,精子顶体酶活力明显降低(P<0.01),NOS活力明显升高(P<0.01),精浆中SOD活力明显降低(P<0.01)。结论:精浆AsAb阳性引起不育可能与精子顶体酶、精浆中SOD及NOS活力改变有关。     

腺苷A1受体诱导预处理延迟效应对供心保存的影响及机制探讨

目的　探讨腺苷A1受体激动剂预处理延迟效应对保存大鼠心脏的影响及其机制。方法　Wistar大鼠随机分为 8组 ,A、C组以高选择性腺苷A1受体激动剂 (CCPA)预处理 ;D、E、F组在CCPA预处理前分别注射锰 超氧化物歧化酶 (Mn SOD)反义、有意义、错配寡核苷酸 (ODN) ;B、G组注射生理盐水 ,H组只注射反义寡核苷酸。 2 4h后 ,A、B组用 4℃St.Thomas液保存 4h ,复灌 1h ,而另 6组采取低温缺血 3h ,复灌 1h。观测心功能、磷酸肌酸激酶 (CK mb)、三磷酸腺苷 (ATP)含量等。结果　A组左室内压上升与下降最大速率恢复率 (±dp/dtmax,% )为 6 2 .83± 17.2 7,6 6 .81± 18.99,心肌ATP含量 (10 3 μmol/g)为3.6 7± 1.4 2 ;而B组分别为 4 0 .4 1± 18.2 9,4 4 .70± 2 5 .14 ,1.4 6± 0 .5 4 ;A组均明显高于B组 ,差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 1orP <0 .0 5 )。C组±dp/dtmax恢复率、ATP、Mn SOD活性均明显高于D、G、H组 (P <0 .0 1orP <0 .0 5 ) ,而与E、F组比较 ,差异无显著性。结论　腺苷A1受体激动剂能诱导预处理的延迟效应 ,改善离体大鼠心脏的保存效果 ,而该效应与Mn SOD的高表达有关。     

Antioxidant and glutathione-related enzymatic activities in rat sciatic nerve

The present work tries to establish the antioxidant capacity of the peripheral nervous tissue of the rat, in terms of the enzymatic activities present in this tissue that either prevent the formation of activated species as the semiquinone radical (DT-diaphorase), protect against activated oxygen species (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase), conjugate natural toxic products or xenobiotics (glutathione S-transferases, especially the activity conjugating 4-hydroxy-nonenal), or complete the glutathione system metabolism (glutathione disulfide reductase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase). All the activities studied are lower in this tissue than they are in liver, except for γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. The relevance of the results obtained and its possible relationship with different neuropathies is discussed. It is concluded that the peripheral nervous tissue is by far less protected than the liver against oxidative damage.     

紫外分光光度法测定SOD活性的应用及其意义

本文对SOD的紫外分光光度法测定进行了实用性研究。结果表明,本文方法具有用血量少,重现性好,快速、灵敏,试剂廉价等优点。西宁地区与平原地区人群的比较测定显示,前者SOD活性明显高于后者(P<0.01)。     

脂质体携载SOD的实验研究

本文采用去垢剂透析法成功制备出携载ＳＯＤ的脂质体（Ｌ－ＳＯＤ），其直径为１０２ｎｍ，对ＳＯＤ的包裹率为２１％，９０％以上酶活性存在于脂质体内部。将Ｌ－ＳＯＤ注射到大鼠静脉血中，其半衰期超过４ｈ，明显长于天然ＳＯＤ（８ｍｉｎ）。表明Ｌ－ＳＯＤ优于天然ＳＯＤ，具有临床应用前景。     

Measurement of γ-enolase release, a new method for selective quantification of neurotoxicity independently from glial lysis

We have developed a sensitive enzymatic-immunoassay to quantify the level of gamma-enolase (a specific neuronal enzyme) which is released from cultured cells after exposure to various toxins. We show that this method can estimate selectively neuronal cell death without significantly interfering with glial cell death. Indeed, no gamma-enolase is released when glial cells are killed with free-radical producing agents. Experiments comparing the levels of neuronal cell death induced by NMDA or free-radical producing drugs, performed either by measuring gamma-enolase release or using the classical fluorescein diacetate method, yielded similar results. In addition to selectively follow neuronal death in a mixed population of neurons and glial cells, this method provides a way of determining the cell death kinetics from a single culture dish, since enolase can be measured on small samples taken from the culture medium. Finally, we propose these two methods as being complementary and useful neuronal and other cellular death indexes and also to understand the complex problem of glial influence on neuronal survival or death.     

大剂量地塞米松及SOD在实验性脑损伤中的治疗作用

大剂量地塞米松和ＳＯＤ是外伤性脑继发性损害药物治疗的新方案。本实验在豚鼠局灶性脑损伤模型上试用该两种药物，通过脑含水量、灶周伊文斯兰渗出、血ＣＫ、Ｃａ和ＬＤＨ含室及光镜和电镜病理检查等指标。