小儿白血病瘤细胞P—糖蛋白测定方法及应用

本文介绍免疫组化法检测小儿白血病瘤细胞（Ｐ－ｇｐ）。检测３０例小儿白血病细胞膜Ｐ－ｇｐ，观察其原发耐药性。３０例中有８例ｐ－ｇｐ阳性，总阳性率２６．６７％，其中ＡＮＬＬ单项阳性率３３．３３％，ＡＬＬ为２０％。本组病例耐约性最高的是ＣＭＬ，其次是ＡＮＬＬ，ＡＬＬ组最低。同时发现ＭＤＲ阳性者复发率高，ＭＤＲ阴性者复发率低，多因素分析表明ＭＤＥＲ对初诊白血病患者预后及抗癌药物选择有重要意义。目的临床评价ＭＤＲ采用检测ｍｄｒ１ｍＲＮＡ或Ｆ－ｇｐ，本文认为采用简便、快速的免疫组化法检测Ｐ－ｇｐ在临床上具有较大的实用价值。     

Rest thallium-201 myocardial perfusion imaging in a patient with leukaemic infiltration of the heart

Despite the high incidence of leukaemic infiltration of the heart, only 8 cases of atrioventricular block due to leukaemia have been reported in the literature. Improvement in the heart block associated with disappearance of the leukaemic infiltrate has not been reported. A rest thallium-201 study was used in a 65-year-old man to demonstrate leukaemic infiltration of the heart which was associated with complete heart block. After chemotherapy, when the tumour burden was reduced and the leukaemia in remission, his heart block resolved, and a follow-up thallium scan was normal. Offprint requests to: A.C. Civelek     

Epidural Spinal Cord Infiltration: A Rare Complication of Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia

Epidural infiltration by leukemic cells in Acute Non Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ANLL), and extradural granulocytic sarcomas as a cause of spinal cord compression are extremely rare phenomena. Very few cases have been recorded in the literature. In this brief case report we describe a young patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia (M4, FAB) who presented with sudden spinal cord compression during relapse after bone marrow transplantation. The literature on this subject is also reviewed.     

Cell death by apoptosis in acute leukaemia

We have previously demonstrated that when freshly isolated childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells are incubated in growth medium after isolation from blood, chromatin is rapidly cleaved into nucleosomal sized fragments that are multiples of 200 bp. The fragmentation is similar to that observed in other types of cells undergoing apoptosis or programmed cell death. In this study we describe a more comprehensive approach to the study of DNA fragmentation in leukaemia. Fragmentation was observed in freshly isolated cells from patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and in one with common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Frozen samples of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and acute myeloid leukaemia cells also showed fragmentation of DNA. However, no fragmentation was evident in normal leukocytes treated under the same conditions. Ultrastructural studies on the isolated leukaemia cells demonstrate that the chromatin cleavage observed biochemically is associated with morphological changes characteristic of apoptosis.     

Aggressive large granular lymphocyte lymphomas in five dogs: a clinical cytohistological and immunological study

Among 276 canine lymphomas referred to the Haematology–Cytology–Immunology laboratory of the Lyon Veterinary School between 1997 and 2003, there were five aggressive large granular lymphocyte (LGL) malignancies. The five dogs were clinically examined and followed up. Cytological and histological analyses of the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, intestine and bone marrow were performed. The immunophenotype and proliferation index were established. The most significant clinical finding was that of an aggressive clinical course, the presence of hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly, an abdominal lymphadenopathy, anaemia in four cases and blood and bone-marrow involvement in two cases. The cytological presentation was a diffuse infiltration of atypical, large granular lymphoid cells. Two cases were of the null type (CD3–, CD79a–, CD4–, CD8–), and three were of the T-cell type (CD3+, CD79a–, CD4–, CD8+). The proliferation index was high in all cases, with a median of 54.4%. The histological presentation of the null-type cases was an infiltration of the livers portal triads and the spleens red pulp. The T CD8+ cases showed two different patterns, characterised by infiltration: in the first, of all the intestines layers, the livers portal triads, the spleens red pulp and the lymph nodes and, in the second, infiltration of the livers sinusoids, the spleens red pulp. Although these aggressive LGL lymphomas are still poorly known, they may be compared to three types of human lymphoma: aggressive NK cell lymphoma/leukemia, hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma and enteropathy-type T-cell lymphoma.     

抗同系小鼠白血病细胞单克隆抗体的研究

用可移植性小鼠淋巴细胞性白血病腹水瘤细胞克隆株(LAC-1)细胞免疫同系小鼠,常规方法融合、筛选获得四株分泌特异抗体杂交瘤株。所得McAb能特异地与LAC—1细胞结合,但不能与正常或经ConA转化的小鼠胸腺细胞以及其它多种小鼠瘤细胞起结合反应。ELISA检测显示,McAb与LAC—1细胞培养上清液中提取的病毒作用时未发现阳性反应。细胞介导的细胞毒实验表明,将McAb预先与LAC—1细胞孵育后能显著抑制T杀伤细胞对靶细胞的特异性杀伤作用,免疫印迹试验分析发现McAb识别的LAC—1细胞靶抗原分子量为41KD。     

Physical performance in long-term survivors of acute leukaemia in childhood

The aim of this study was to assess the physical performance in long-term survivors of acute leukaemia in childhood and to evaluate the effects of anthracycline therapy. Electrocardiography, echocardiography and spiroergometry were carried out on 56 patients aged 9–28 years, of whom 44 patients had been treated with 15–483 mg/m² doxorubicin (or equivalent). Acute leukaemia had been diagnosed 1.5–16 years earlier. Of the patients 75% reached normal maximal oxygen uptake, 69% normal oxygen uptake at the anaerobic threshold and 95% normal maximal work rate. Of the patients 75% achieved adequate values for maximal heart rate and 78% normal blood lactate concentration. No difference was seen between patients treated with and without anthracyclines. Conclusion The results of this study provide little evidence for cardiopulmonary impairment in long-term survivors of ALL. Both the cardiac function, as evaluated by ECG and echocardiography, and the physical performance in spiroergometry are normal in a large number of these patients. Anthracycline treatment does not appear to have a negative effect on these parameters. Received: 30 October 1996 / Accepted in revised form: 7 October 1997     

白血病关节炎三例分析并文献复习

目的提高对白血病关节炎的认识并与其他类型的关节炎进行鉴别。方法对我院收治的3例白血病关节炎病例进行分析和总结,同时结合文献复习与国内外的相关文献进行比较。结果白血病关节炎具有不同于一般关节炎的一些临床特征,包括关节疼痛重、肿胀轻,但偶有大量关节积液;常伴乳酸脱氢酶显著增高;非甾体抗炎药效差,但化疗有效。结论白血病关节炎需要统一诊断标准,以便引起风湿病专科和血液病专科医师的重视,从而使白血病关节炎成为某些白血病早期诊断的重要线索,使白血病得到早期诊断及治疗。     

Investigations of excess environmental risks around putative sources: statistical problems and a proposed test

Individual reactions to a report which identifies an excess of risk near a putative source are determined mainly by some quoted significance level. One reaction, involving a commonly used 'coincidence' argument is given a simple Bayesian explanation. It is argued that interpretations of such reports should if possible allow both for data selection and for uncertainty in the null expectations underlying the significance levels. Tests are proposed, based on the first isotonic regression estimator under an order restriction, which allow for the effects of selecting a study region in the light of the data and have a simple form. Data on cancer incidence around two nuclear plants are used to illustrate.     

小鼠动情周期子宫内膜LIF基因表达研究

目的：探讨白血病抑制因子（LIF）基因在小鼠动情周期子宫内膜的表达情况。方法：采用RT－PRC技术对小鼠动情周期各个时期LIF基因表达进行检测。结果：动情周期、动情前期和动情期均未检测到LIF基因表达,而动情后期子宫内膜检测到LIF基因强表达。结论：推测LIF基因表达受母体自身激素水平改变的调控,且主要涉及孕激素,而与雌激素关系不大。