磁源成像在母语为汉语正常人的语言功能定位中的应用

目的 采用脑磁图（magnetoencephalograph，MEG）的等价电流偶极子定位法（Equivalent current dipole，ECD）和合成孔径磁场定位法（SAMSynthetic、Aperture Magnetometry，SAM）定位母语为汉语的健康自愿者的语占中枢，探讨汉字的语言处理过程。方法 对10例母语为汉语的健康受试者给予默读真词、假词的语言任务刺激，记录刺激后产生的诱发磁场，将采集的数据与MRI叠加获得磁源性影像（MSI Magnetic source imaging）语占功能区定位川同样的方法对4例胶质瘤患者进行术前语言功能区定位，术中皮层电刺激所定位语言功能区，明确是否产生言语障碍。结果 所有受试者真词、假词均在双侧大脑半球诱发出明显的晚期磁反应波，左侧大脑半球磁反应波分化较右侧大脑半球好，Broea区俯于额下回后部，Wernicke区位于颞中同、颢上回、缘上回，Wernieke区先于Broca区出现。胶质瘤患者术巾电刺激所定位的Broca区、Wernicke区均产生言语障碍：结论母语为汉语的正常人的Broca区Wernieke区与经典的语言中枢糕本相符，MEG定位语言中枢的技术是可行的。     

高效液相色谱电化学检测法在硫酸阿奇霉素含量测定和有关物质概况分析上的应用

目的　建立硫酸阿奇霉素含量测定和有关物质概况分析的 HPL C电化学检测法。方法　采用 L ichro-CART1 2 5 - 4Aluspher RP- select B柱进行分离 ;HP1 0 4 9A型安培电化学检测器检测 ;最佳检测电势 +0 .6 V;流动相为磷酸二氢钾缓冲液 -乙腈 (2 1 30∶ 870 ) ,p H 1 1 .0± 0 .1 ;流速 1 .0 m L· min-1 ;柱温 5 0℃。结果　被测样品中明显检出多个杂质峰 ;硫酸阿奇霉素主峰的峰面积与进样量在 0 .0 2～ 1 .2 μg的范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,r =0 .9997。最低检测限为 1 ng;中间精密度试验日内差为 RSD 1 .1 % ;日间差为 RSD 0 .7%。结论　本法具有较高的灵敏度、精密度和专属性 ,适用于硫酸阿奇霉素含量测定以及有关物质的概况分析     

应用LifePort器官转运器改善肾移植效果的大宗临床研究（附573例报告）

目的  探讨供肾脉冲灌注保存转运器（LifePort）保存心脏死亡器官捐献（DCD）供肾和扩大标准供体（ECD）供肾对肾移植术后受者肾功能恢复的影响。方法  回顾性分析466例器官捐献（DCD+ECD）供者和882例肾移植受者围手术期的临床资料。根据供肾保存方式不同,将309例DCD供者的左右两侧肾脏随机分为LifePort（DCD-LP）组（309例）和DCD冷藏组（309例）; 132例ECD供者的双侧供肾全部采用LifePort保存并转运,设为ECD-LP组（264例）。分别观察3组受者术后总体情况、术后早期移植肾功能指标、术后并发症发生情况; 对比观察肾移植术前零点穿刺肾组织病理学检查结果; 比较肾移植术后有否发生移植物功能延迟恢复（DGF）受者的供肾LifePort灌注参数。结果  与DCD冷藏组比较,DCD-LP组、ECD-LP组受者的住院时间明显缩短,差异均有统计学意义（均为P < 0.05）。DCD冷藏组、DCD-LP组、ECD-LP组围手术期的人存活率均为100%,肾存活率分别为99.7%、100%、99.2%,差异均无统计学意义（均为P > 0.05）。与DCD冷藏组比较,DCD-LP组、ECD-LP组的DGF发生率明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（均为P < 0.05）。3组受者的术后早期肾功能,急性排斥反应、感染和外科并发症的发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义（均为P > 0.05）。病理学检查结果显示,采用LifePort灌注能明显减轻肾小管的水肿、变性、坏死。发生DGF者的供肾LifePort灌注阻力指数明显高于未发生DGF者,而供肾LifePort灌注流量则明显低于未发生DGF者,差异均有统计学意义（均为P < 0.05）。结论  LifePort能有效改善离体DCD和ECD供肾质量,降低术后DGF发生率,促进移植肾功能恢复,并可在离体肾脏维护及评估中对术后恢复情况作出预判。     

HPLC-ECD检测尿液中儿茶酚胺含量

目的建立一种准确可靠、易于临床推广的测定尿液中儿茶酚胺(CAs,包括NE、E、DA)的检测方法。方法采用活性氧化铝吸附标本中CAs,酸解吸附后,以3,4-二羟基苄胺(DHBA)为内标,利用离子对高相液相色谱及电化学检测器进行测定。结果显示NE、E、DA在0.135～100ng/ml浓度范围内与响应值(色谱峰高对内标峰高之比)线性关系良好(r值分别为0.9999、0.9998、0.9998),其方法回收率分别为63.2%～93.4%、65.6%～103.7%7、0.4%～111.3%,CV值为1.23%～19.52%。结论此法简单、准确、灵敏、特异性高,便于临床和实验室推广应用。     

Synthesis of S‐thiomethyl DMSA and S‐thiomethyl ECD,radiolabelling with technetium‐99m and biological evaluation

Protection of the thiolate function of dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and ethylenedi‐l ‐cysteine diethyl ester (ECD) by S‐thiomethylation allowed automatic deprotection during technetium‐99m (^99mTc) radiolabelling by direct reduction with stannous chloride dihydrate. Protection of the free thiolate group increased the stability of the ligands as well as deprotection during complexation, which resulted in the desired radiopharmaceuticals. The complexes obtained from the protected ligands were chromatographically (HPLC) and biologically compared with the corresponding ^99mTc complexes of the unprotected ligands. The results suggest that the aforementioned method of protection by S‐thiomethylation could be utilized for the development of single‐vial DMSA and ECD kit. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Lessons on health promotion from Japanese early childhood development

Early childhood development (ECD) has received increasing attention in both developed and developing countries since the 1990s. In Japan, ECD facilities have pursued integrated practices of education and health care to provide appropriate services to promote children’s welfare. This ECD approach appears to embody objectives of health promotion in young children. Therefore, information about Japanese practices may help to support ECD in other countries, especially developing countries. In this context, the present study discussed the potential application of health‐related ECD practices in Japan for developing countries by reviewing an outline of Japanese ECD, along with a case study describing practices in ECD facilities in Japan. We identified four main points: (i) distinct legal grounds including a legal basis for allocating health specialists; (ii) outlines of activities based on national standards and flexible practices at the facility level; (iii) teachers’ attitudes that respect children’s initiative, and explicit and independent activities embedded in children’s daily lives that reflect the child’s developmental status; and (iv) various useful practices to enhance the effect of health‐related activities, such as cooperation with parents, lesson study and hoiku‐ (teachers) conference. As these practices are based on the Japanese context, it is essential to consider both the Japanese context and potential risks of transplanting such concepts, to enable optimum use of these lessons in other countries.     

Bioactive A-ring rearranged limonoids from the root barks of Walsura robusta

Screening active natural products, rapid identification, and accurate isolation are of great important for modern natural lead compounds discovery¹. We hereby reported the isolation of seven new neotecleanin-type limonoids (17), seven new limonoids with 5-oxatricyclo[5.4.0.11., 4.]hendecane ring system (814), and two new precursors (1516) together with four known limonoids (1720) from the root barks of Walsura robusta. Their structures, including their absolute configurations, were elucidated based on analyses of HR-ESI-MS, 1D/2D NMR, ECD spectrum calculations and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Compounds 2, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 18 showed significant anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell line, BV2 microglial cells, and Propionibacterium acnes-stimulated THP-1 human monocytic cells. Walrobsin M (11) exhibited anti-inflammatory activity with IC₅₀ value of 7.96±0.36 μmol/L, and down-regulated phosphorylation levels of ERK and p38 in a dose-dependent manner.     

Expression and prognostic value of E-cadherin in laryngeal cancer

Conclusion: Down-regulation of ECD may associate with infiltrative tumor growth and result in poor prognosis. However, ECD expression is not significantly associated with tumor metastasis. Aim: To investigate the prognostic role of E-cadherin (ECD) expression in laryngeal cancer. Methods: In a clinical study, a total of 79 laryngeal cancer patients who received surgery were included in this study. The expression of ECD in laryngeal cancer tissue was detected by immumohistochemical staining. In an in vitro study, ECD up-regulated cells (Ad-ECD) and ECD down-regulated cells (sh-ECD) were cultured, along with interference by siRNA. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. In an in vivo study, nude mice were injected with Ad-ECD, sh-ECD, and Hep-2 cells. The ECD expression and tumor metastasis in the brain, liver, and lung tissues were detected. Results: Clinical data showed that expression of ECD was statistically correlated with survival rate (p?<?0.05), but not with other clinical characteristics, such as age, gender, lymphatic metastasis, and TNM staging. ECD was down-regulated in sh-ECD cells and the down-regulation significantly reduced apoptosis of Hep-2 cells. Tumor growth was significantly inhibited in the Ad-ECD group. Except the tumor tissue, no positive ECD expression or significant tumor cells were found in the brain, liver, and lung tissues.     

唾液中氰离子的五氟苄基溴衍生气相色谱法测定

目的 建立用五氟苄基溴(PFB-Br)衍生气相色谱法,电子捕获检测器(ECD)定量测定唾液中氰离子(CN^-)的方法。方法 取微量唾液,加入缓冲溶液后用乙腈稀释定容,加入定量的PFB-Br摇匀,沸水浴30.0 min进行衍生反应,冷却后直接进样入气相色谱仪分离,以ECD检测器检测。结果 唾液中CN^-的质量浓度在0.25~200.0 mg/L呈线性关系,线性相关系数为0.999 4;以100.0 μl唾液量计算,方法最低检出浓度为0.07 mg/L,最低定量浓度为0.25 mg/L;方法的批间精密度为2.4%~5.3%(n=6),批内精密度为1.1%~3.8%(n=6),加标回收率为100.7%~102.1%。唾液常见的无机离子Cl^-、F^-和SCN^-对测定结果均无干扰。样品可在4 ℃保存至少15 d。结论 该方法适用于唾液中氰离子测定,对氰化物中毒的应急检测有应用价值。