Clozapine cases with fatal,toxic or therapeutic concentrations

Summary The neuroleptic drug clozapine is used in the treatment of schizophrenia and is characterized by not having the extrapyrimidal side-effects usually shown by neuroleptics. Unfortunately clozapine has other side-effects, which limit its use. This study presents methods for the analysis of clozapine and desmethylclozapine in whole blood and tissue. Case histories and pathology findings are described for 3 autopsy cases with fatal concentrations of clozapine, 5 with toxic concentrations and 2 with therapeutic concentrations together with the concentrations found in a living person.     

氯氮平对离体大鼠胰岛分泌的影响

目的 :研究氯氮平及其主要代谢产物对胰岛素分泌功能的影响 ,探讨其在诱发血糖代谢障碍中所起的作用。　方法 :分离培养大鼠胰岛 ,以氯氮平、去甲基氯氮平 (DCLO)和N 氧化氯氮平 (CNO)分别作用于胰岛 1h或 4h ,用放射免疫分析法测定基础胰岛素分泌量和糖刺激后胰岛素分泌量 (GSIS) ,并与对照组比较。　结果 :氯氮平作用 1h不影响基础胰岛素分泌和GSIS ;作用 4h抑制基础胰岛素分泌。CNO作用 1h或 4h均不影响基础胰岛素分泌和GSIS。DCLO作用 1h抑制GSIS ,作用 4h明显抑制GSIS(P <0 .0 1)。　结论 :氯氮平和其代谢产物从不同途径抑制胰岛素分泌 ;胰岛素分泌受抑制是氯氮平诱发血糖代谢障碍的原因之一。