Pressure distribution and perceived comfort in casual footwear

The aim of this investigation was to establish the relationship between short-term perceived comfort and pressure distribution on the dorsal and plantar surfaces of the foot, while walking in a range of commercially available casual footwear. The study was carried out in the biomechanics laboratory of Manchester Metropolitan University using 15 male subjects without foot pathology. Perceived upper and plantar comfort were measured using a specially designed questionnaire, while dorsal and plantar pressure distributions were measured using a rectangular sensor pad recording at 30 Hz and a Mikro-EMED insole recording at 100 Hz respectively. Analysis of variance tests were used to determine differences in perceived comfort and pressure distribution between three pairs of shoes. The findings of this study suggest that an increase in total plantar force and force-time integral may relate to a decrease in perceived plantar comfort. For the three shoes examined in this study, overall peak plantar pressure, the pressure-time integral, and total plantar area did not appear to be linked to perceived plantar comfort. Findings for the shoe upper indicate that decreased dorsal forces and pressures may be related to decreased upper comfort. These findings suggest that the measurement of pressure distribution at the foot-shoe interface could be a useful tool in identifying the causes of discomfort in footwear.     

Relationship between plantar pressure distribution under the foot and insole comfort

In this paper, four pairs of insoles with different comfort characteristics were used to investigate the relationship between the pressure distribution under the foot and running shoe comfort. Fourteen male subjects were tested in four insole conditions by walking and running on a treadmill. The pressure at the plantar surface of the foot was measured by using an EMED pressure-measuring insole. For walking there were significantly higher pressures and forces in the midfoot area and significantly lower pressures in the medial forefoot and hallux area by wearing the most comfortable insole compared with wearing the least comfortable insole. The shift of the pressure from forefoot to midfoot for the most comfortable insole provided an even distribution of the pressure at the plantar surface of the foot. The results also demonstrated that the path of centre of force at the plantar surface of the foot moved to the lateral aspect of the foot for the most comfortable insole. For running, only the pressure in the medial forefoot area was found significantly lower for the most comfortable insole than for the least comfortable insole. The results of this study indicated that the pressure distribution between the plantar surface of the foot and the shoe could detect the change of shoe comfort. Thus it is a suggestion that pressure measurement may be related to understand factors important for shoe comfort.

Comfort of sport shoes is important for the appropriate execution of sport activities. Additionally, comfort may influence fatigue and possibly the development of injuries. The quantification of comfort of sport shoes and the understanding of mechanical and/or biological functions related to it may be enhanced with the use of pressure measurements between the plantar surface of the foot and the shoe sole.     

舒适护理在手术室护理中的临床效果

目的对比舒适护理在手术室护理中的临床效果。方法随机将480例手术患者分为观察组和对照组各240例。对照组常规护理。观察组有针对性制定舒适护理计划。同时采取问调查形式进行,对患者进行调查并统计数据。结果患者舒适度和满意度,观察组均明显高于对照组。结论整体护理观的内涵越来越丰富,人们越来越重视人性化的护理。     

老年住院患者使用一次性除菌吸氧管吸氧舒适度的研究

目的比较老年住院患者使用一次性除菌吸氧管与传统吸氧装置在吸氧舒适度有无差异性。方法研究对象为58例老年住院患者,住院期间意识清楚,且需要持续低流量吸氧,研究对象随机分为观察组和对照组。观察组和对照组均给先后交替给予2种吸氧装置进行氧疗,2周后进行自评。比较2种氧疗的舒适度。结果使用一次性使用除菌吸氧管进行氧疗的患者的舒适度明显高于使用传统装置吸氧的患者(P<0.01),在吸氧气味、湿润度、管道顺应性、噪声、口咽部感觉、全身感觉等6方面均优于传统装置吸氧(P<0.01)。结论一次性除菌吸氧管优于传统吸氧装置,且能提高老年住院患者吸氧舒适度。     

舒适护理对颈椎病牵引患者康复效果的影响

目的:探讨舒适护理对颈椎病牵引患者康复效果的影响。方法:将200例颈椎病患者随机分为观察组和对照组各100例,对照组在牵引中实施常规护理,观察组在此基础上采用舒适护理模式,比较两组治疗效果。结果:观察组患者治疗优良率为86%,总有效率为95%,平均治愈时间为32.00 d;对照组患者治疗优良率为59%,总有效率为83%,平均治愈时间为44.25 d。两组患者治疗优良率、总有效率、平均治愈时间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在颈椎病患者的牵引治疗过程中实施舒适护理可明显提高治疗效果,缩短治愈天数。     

舒适护理在成年男性全麻手术患者留置导尿中的应用研究

目的 探究在成年全麻手术患者中留置导尿舒适护理的干预效果.方法 选择2012年7月至2013年12月在我院进行全麻手术的成年男性(18～60岁)患者116例.以数字法随机分为观察组和对照组各58例.其中观察组采用舒适护理干预,对照组采用常规留置导尿管护理.对比两组患者在麻醉苏醒时尿道舒适度、躁动情况,并记录拔管时的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)以及疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS).结果 观察组在苏醒时尿道舒适度达到0级以及躁动为0级患者分别占81.03％(47/58)、74.14％(43/58),均显著高于对照组;并且观察组患者在苏醒时MAP、HR以及VAS均明显低于对照组;差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在全麻手术留置导尿中采用舒适护理能减小对患者尿道的刺激性,极大降低苏醒时躁动患者比例.在对患者血压、心率的稳定作用也优于常规护理     

Is 30-Day Mortality after Admission for Heart Failure an Appropriate Metric for Quality?

Background

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) model for publicly reporting national 30-day-risk-adjusted mortality rates for patients admitted with heart failure fails to include clinical variables known to impact total mortality or take into consideration the culture of end-of-life care. We sought to determine if those variables were related to the 30-day mortality of heart failure patients at Geisinger Medical Center.

Do different positions affect the oxygen saturation and comfort level of children under five with pneumonia?

Objective

Children with pneumonia need a correct position to increase their oxygen saturation and comfort level. Postural changes affect the function of the human body and disease conditions. This study aimed to identify the effect of prone and semirecumbent positions on the oxygen saturation and comfort level of children under five with pneumonia.

舒适护理在老年糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者中的应用

目的:探讨舒适护理在老年糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者中的应用.方法:将50例老年糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者随机分为两组,对照组给予常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上增加心理、饮食、用药、血糖监测、疼痛、防跌倒、防坠床等方面的舒适护理措施.结果:观察组与对照组比较临床症状改善明显,住院天数减少,患者满意度明显升高,跌倒、坠床意外事件明显减少.结论:舒适护理是提高老年糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者的生活质量,加快疾病康复,减少跌倒、坠床意外事件发生的有效护理方法.     

改良体位护理在腹腔镜直肠癌Dixon手术患者中的应用

目的 观察改良体位护理方法在腹腔镜直肠低位前切除手术患者中的应用效果。 方法 选取行腹腔镜直肠低位前切除术的手术患者210例,采用随机数字表法将其分为传统组和改良组,各105例。传统组采用截石位支腿架及肩档进行常规体位摆放,改良组采用自制下肢体位垫及头颈肩约束带进行改良体位摆放。比较2组体位摆放时间、患者下肢麻木情况、肩部疼痛评分及医生对手术体位摆放的满意度。 结果 改良组体位摆放时间短于传统组(t=-5.020,P=0.007),患者下肢麻木、肩部疼痛评分均低于传统组(t=-6.732,P=0.002;t=-4.232,P=0.003),医生对手术体位的满意度评分高于传统组(t=3.623,P=0.001)。 结论 在腹腔镜直肠低位前切除术体位护理时,采用改良体位摆放法能明显缩短体位摆放时间,增加患者舒适度,减少体位相关并发症,提高医生满意度。